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Prinz Eugen

2024-11-09T20:30:38Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_cruiser_prinz_eugen
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{PAGENAME}}''' was the third of the ''[[Admiral Hipper (Family)|Admiral Hipper]]''-class heavy cruisers and the last to be completed by the Kriegsmarine. She was ordered from the Krupp Germaniawerft shipyard in Kiel and was laid down on 23 April 1936 as part of the German rearmament programme following the Anglo-German Naval Agreement a year prior, and was later launched on 22 August 1938.

After being commissioned in 1940 and patrolling around the Atlantic alongside the battleship ''Bismarck'' in early May 1941, ''Prinz Eugen'' would take part in her most famous engagements in the Battle of the Denmark Strait later that month, in which the pair managed to sink the British flagship [[HMS Hood|HMS ''Hood'']] and damage the battleship ''Prince of Wales''. However, ''Eugen'' suffered a fuel tank leak and was forced to part ways with ''Bismarck'', leaving the latter to her demise a few days later. After emergency repairs and problems with her engines and turbine, ''Prinz Eugen'' was ordered to be docked in Brest, occupied France, for extensive repair. After spending half a year in Brest and being the target of frequent air raids by the RAF, ''Prinz Eugen'', along with battleships ''[[Scharnhorst]]'' and ''Gneisenau'', was ordered to break through the English Channel in January 1942. The next month, ''Eugen''<nowiki/>'s stern was struck by a torpedo from the submarine HMS ''Trident'', resulting in extensive damage to the rudder. After completing her repair in 1943, ''Prinz Eugen'' was sent to the Baltic Sea to provide fire support for the retreating German army on the Eastern Front, which she did until the German capitulation in 1945. She and ''[[Nürnberg]]'' were the only German bluewater warships to survive the war intact.

After the war, ''Prinz Eugen'' was later awarded to the United States as reparation. The US Navy subsequently conducted extensive examinations on various German machinery. After which, ''Prinz Eugen''<nowiki/>'s career literally ended with a bang when she was used as one of the targets for the Operation Crossroads nuclear tests in 1946.

The '''{{PAGENAME}}''' was introduced as a premium pack in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]]and was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/8880-shop-may-sale-in-the-gaijin-store-en|2024 May sales]]. It has since been made available for Golden Eagles {{GE}} in the 2024 [[wt:en/news/9032-shop-prinz-eugen-temporarily-returns-to-celebrate-the-anniversary-of-its-launch-en|Launch Anniversary Celebration]] mini event.

It is perhaps one of the most famous cruisers of World War II. Compared to her sister ship, ''[[Admiral Hipper]]'', ''Eugen'' is in her final 1945 configuration with a substantial increase in AA firepower and crew count. This is effectively a double-edged sword; on one hand, she is more survivable than her sister ship and better protected against aircraft, while on the other hand, her large amounts of AA mounts mean that she will frequently catch fire whenever hit. Aside from this, ''Eugen'' is largely the same as ''Hipper'' in playstyle, being an all-around heavy cruiser with a particular focus on her high-velocity 8-inch guns, capable of engaging any targets she could face.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

As with her sister ship [[Admiral Hipper]], the {{PAGENAME}} features some of the best protection of all cruisers in the game. Her hull is covered with several layers of armour in a "turtleback" layout specifically designed to soak up and contain a lot of damage, save for some large calibre AP shells which can still penetrate multiple layers of armour. She also has a very high crew count, with 1,776 sailors.

Unfortunately, the {{PAGENAME}}'s real-life fame will make her a priority target: expect to be showered with shells of all calibres from enemies and putting out the fires caused by them often. Additionally, the {{PAGENAME}} also has a well-known weak spot in her front turret magazine which enemies will target to take her out as soon as possible.

Due to how frequently and easily your secondary and AA armaments will be disabled (with their allocated crew members being knocked out in the process), it is recommended not to repair them in order to reduce crew loss until you've escaped from enemy fire.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

For a ship of this size and displacement, the {{PAGENAME}}'s top speed is fairly good at 70 km/h (AB) or 60 km/h (RB). However, due to her mass and high centre of gravity, the {{PAGENAME}} suffers from excessive listing problem that reduce her traverse speed and throw off the aiming reticules into the air. This can be fatal if the ship is flooding, as too much listing angle can result in the ship capsizing and sinking.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|20.3 cm/60 SK C/34 (203 mm)}}

The {{PAGENAME}}'s primary armaments consists of eight 203 mm/60 SK C/34 cannons arranged in four twin turrets mounted A-Bs-Xs-Y. The gun is notable for being effective at dealing damage to all kinds of targets save for battleship at ranges. The gun has a good reload time of 12 seconds (ace crew) and has a decent firing arc, giving the {{PAGENAME}} a consistent damage output against enemy ships.

The 203 mm guns has three shell choice; an average HE shell with 8.8 kg TNTe, a SAP shell with decent penetration (160 mm at 10 km) and sizeable filler of 5.35 kg TNTe, and a powerful APCBC shell which have very high penetration (265 mm at 10 km), this allows the {{PAGENAME}} to deal damage against heavily-armoured dreadnoughts up close, and especially deadly at closer range against any targets. As each shell have a high velocity of 925 m/s, this results into good accuracy and thus make aiming easier.

{{:20.3 cm/60 SK C/34 (203 mm)/Ammunition|20.3 cm L/4.7 Kz HE, 20.3 cm L/4.4 (m.Hb) APBC, 20.3 cm L/4.7 Bdz (m.Hb) SAP}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|SK C/33 AA (105 mm)}}

These cannons are great for taking out destroyers, as they have a good rate of fire and damage output. They also makes decent anti-air guns for high altitude bombers, though not particularly reliable they will definitely make bomb drops harder to pull off. Depending on which target you want to focus on you may load different shells: HE shells for destroyers and other smaller vessels, time-fused HE for anti-air duties if there are a lot of bombers in the sky, and APHE for well-armoured destroyers. You can take manual control of the secondary guns (alt+2 by default), making them more effective and giving you the ability to change the shells depending on the situation you are in. However, this will leave you vulnerable to other cruisers because you will be focusing most of your attention on other vehicles, so it may be better to level up your AI gunners and leave the job to them, while you focus on other cruisers or destroyers with your powerful main guns.

{{:SK C/33 AA (105 mm)/Ammunition|10.5 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Kpf.Z, 10.5 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Zt.Z, 10.5 cm L/4.2 AP}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|Bofors Flak 28 (40 mm)|2 cm/65 C/30 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)}}

The Prinz Eugen is covered with 40 mm and 20 mm AA guns, boasting an overall much more effective defence than her sister ship the [[Admiral Hipper]]. These guns easily protect the ship from close-range air assaults, while the 105 mm secondary guns will make sure high altitude bombers think twice before presenting themselves as an easy target, though they lack the proximity-fused shells sported by American and British heavy AA guns. It is best to aim the guns yourself if they are coming in from high altitude because most strategic bombers can't manoeuvre very well, making them easy to lead and aim at. The 40 mm and 20 mm autocannons are also great at wiping out torpedo boats and other small vessels. Since they often carry torpedoes that can knock out or critically damage you, the wall of autocannon fire will make those torpedo boats think twice before rushing you, allowing you to focus more on the main target like other cruisers or destroyers.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|G7a (533 mm)}}

The {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with 26 G7a torpedoes launched from four triple launchers placed in pairs, twelve of them are loaded inside the tubes (six on each side) while other ten is stocked in ready racks. Up to 12 torpedoes can be launched from each side of the ship. Due to the quantity of torpedoes, the {{PAGENAME}} can launch barrages of torpedoes to damage one or more ships at medium-to-long ranges.

=== Scout plane ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Plane}}

Located amidships is a single catapult for an Arado Ar 196 scout plane which provides unique offensive and defensive abilities, expanding tactical options. Ship-launched scout planes fly just like regular tree units but lack munition choices and cockpit views. Alongside the typical abilities of strafing, dropping 2 x 50 kg bombs, and capping zones, the Ar 196 and other scout planes have the added ability to lay down smoke cover (up to 3 times). It is essentially the [[Ar 196 A-3|event aircraft]] except with smoke generators, so it will be a familiar unit for those who have the event version. Captains will be wise to remember to utilise the aircraft and consider when best to use it, for example to cap a point early or late in the match, to create a smoke screen to stymie enemy bombardment and repair, to attack enemy units directly, or perhaps something completely new!

== Usage in battles ==

The {{PAGENAME}} is a solid ship with all-around strength that allows her to tip the balance of the team with great firepower and protection. Due to this, {{PAGENAME}}'s presence is enough to draw the attention of most of the enemy team. Whether this is a blessing or a curse depends on how well you're able to exploit the {{PAGENAME}}'s assets.

In a situation with only a few or no dreadnoughts, the {{PAGENAME}} is able to act as a vanguard for the team. Due to your status as a priority target, you can distract the enemy team into trying to take you down, and allowing your teammates to take a clean shot at an enemy. You can also use your large quantities of torpedoes to kill a preoccupied enemy, as they will be focused more on gunnery and will often does not have enough time to react to an incoming torpedoes.

To maximize the {{PAGENAME}}'s protection, angling is a must. You can contain a lot of damage by exposing only one side of the hull while preserving the crew by proper damage control. Prioritise fire extinguishing to reduce crew loss as the ship will catch fire very often, and do not repair the secondaries and AA until the coast is clear as your replacement crew will ended up becoming a cannon fodder. Flood damage is generally manageable as long as you do not attempt to traverse your ship and cause a severe listing in process. Although she remains relatively safe from flooding damage with ~80% of buoyancy left, you might need to repair the leaks as soon as the ship starts flooding (~97%) to reduce water draining time, though this is not as important as fire damage control and you can repair them later on when the flood is close to dangerous level.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High velocity 8-inch guns with great penetration, can take on any kind of targets
* Layered armour provides tough protection against most shells
* Powerful AA armaments, effective at all ranges
* Decent top speed despite its size
* Very high crew count increases her survivability
* One scout seaplane

'''Cons:'''

* Priority target: she will almost always be targeted by the enemy team
* Catches fire very often in a firefight exchange
* Excessive listing on a turn often results in poor accuracy
* Armour is not thick enough to withstand some high-calibre shells
* Main battery magazines are located above shell rooms, meaning that a detonation is likely to be fatal

== History ==

[[File:Prinz Eugen Underway.jpg|thumb|380x380px|The Prinz Eugen underway, circa 1943.]]
The Prinz Eugen was the third and final member of the completed Admiral Hipper-class of heavy cruisers. Launched in August 1938, she saw extensive service during WWII, including in the sinking of HMS Hood. Following the cessation of hostilities, she was transferred to the Americans who used her as a test target in the Baker nuclear test. Due to the damage received during the tests, she capsized and sank before repairs could be made.<ref name=":0">World War Co (n.d.)</ref>

'''Design and development'''

The German Kriegsmarine began to design heavy cruisers in the early 1930s, despite the fact that the Treaty of Versailles banned them from building any ships of the type. Two designs were considered - a heavy cruiser with eight 203 mm (8-inch) guns in four double turrets, and a light cruiser with twelve 152 mm (6-inch) guns in four triple turrets, similar to those found on the [[Nürnberg]]. In the end, the heavier option was chosen; however, numerous design improvements resulted in the ship being significantly larger than originally intended.<ref name=":0" />

The final design displaced 14,247 tons and was 205 metres long, larger than the pocket battleship [[Admiral Graf Spee]].<ref name=":0" /> Armament was to consist of four dual 203 mm turrets, twelve 105 mm dual-purpose secondary guns and numerous anti-aircraft guns. The ship also carried 22 torpedoes in four triple launchers with 10 reloads, as well as three Arado Ar 196 scout planes.<ref name=":0" /> The main armour belt was between 70-80 mm in thickness, and armour of up to 160 mm thickness could be found on the conning tower. The ship could reach 32.5 kts (60 km/h) and had a range of 5050 nautical miles at 15 kts.<ref name=":0" />

The German Kriegsmarine placed orders for a total of five [[Admiral Hipper (Family)|Admiral Hipper-class]] heavy cruisers, to be known as [[Admiral Hipper]], Blücher, Prinz Eugen, Seydlitz, and Lützow. Of these, the Seydlitz and Lützow would never be completed; Lützow would be sold to the Soviet Union and eventually scrapped, while Seydlitz was scuttled in 1945 after plans to convert her into an aircraft carrier failed. The contract for Prinz Eugen was placed in November of 1935. Following three years of construction, the ship was launched in August of 1938.<ref name=":0" />

'''Service life'''

The Prinz Eugen was then fitted out and underwent numerous sea trials, before being formally commissioned on August 1st 1940. The ship then conducted exercises with U-boats and the battleship Bismarck, between September 1940 and April 1941.<ref name=":1">Rico, J (1998)</ref>

On May 18th, the Prinz Eugen accompanied the newly-commissioned Bismarck in Operation Rheinübung, or Exercise Rhine. After arriving in the Denmark Strait, the pair of ships engaged the battleship HMS Prince of Wales and battlecruiser Hood. During the engagement, Prinz Eugen was able to hit Hood once before a shot from Bismarck detonated the battlecruiser's magazine, resulting in her destruction with the loss of all but 3 of her crew. After the Hood sank, the Prinz Eugen hit the Prince of Wales three times, without suffering any damage herself.<ref name=":1" />
[[File:Prinz Eugen in Norway.jpg|thumb|350x350px|The Prinz Eugen moored in Norway; Admiral Scheer can be seen beside her.]]
Due to the Bismarck<nowiki/>'s damaged state, the two warships broke off soon after the engagement. Prinz Eugen sailed for Brest, where she was repaired. Bismarck was not so lucky, sinking after a long engagement with the battleships HMS Rodney and King George V. While the Prinz Eugen was docked at the Brest shipyard, she was bombed and heavily damaged, losing 60 crew members. Soon after, she participated in the "Channel Dash", escorting battlecruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau through the English Channel towards Kiel. She survived the dash without damage, having fired numerous 203 mm shells at pursuing British destroyers.<ref name=":1" />

In February of 1942, the Prinz Eugen departed for Norway with the pocket battleship Admiral Scheer. En-route, the submarine HMS Trident scored a torpedo hit on Prinz Eugen<nowiki/>'s stern. The hit caused severe damage to her stern and rudder, but she was still able to arrive at Trondheim, Norway under her own power. There, she joined Tirpitz and Admiral Scheer to perform attacks on Allied shipping convoys.<ref name=":1" />

In January of 1945, as the situation looked dire for Germany, the Prinz Eugen was dispatched to Norway once again, this time to evacuate refugees and provide support. Between 10 March and 4 April 1945, the Prinz Eugen expended almost 5,000 rounds of 203 mm ammo. She also lost 9 men as a result of a Russian rocket. On May 7th 1945, along with the surrender of mainland German forces, the Prinz Eugen and Nürnberg surrendered in Copenhagen, Denmark.<ref name=":1" />
[[File:Prinz Eugen Wreck.jpg|thumb|350x350px|Prinz Eugen's wreck upside-down in Kwajelein Atoll. Note that the port-side propeller is removed.]]
After the surrender, Prinz Eugen was handed to the British. Along with several other German and Japanese prize ships, she was handed over to the United States where she was commissioned as USS Prinz Eugen (IX-300). In early 1946, the Prinz Eugen traversed the Panama canal and sailed to Bikini Atoll, where she would carry out her final duty as a test vessel in the Operation Crossroads nuclear tests.<ref name=":1" />

On July 1st 1946, the 'Able' nuclear bomb was dropped on an array of vessels, including the Prinz Eugen. The ship, 1.1 km from the epicentre, suffered only minor damage. The second 'Baker' Nuclear test also failed to do significant damage. However, the shocks of two nuclear explosions caused leaks to form in the Prinz Eugen's hull. As well, the ship could not be repaired due to the high levels of radiation.<ref name=":1" /> On December 22nd 1946, the Prinz Eugen developed a severe list, and capsized in Kwajalein Atoll. The ship was never salvaged due to the levels of radiation, but one of the ship's propellers was removed and installed near Kiel as a memorial for those who served in the Second World War.<ref name=":1" />

=== [[wt:en/news/6498-development-prinz-eugen-steaming-into-the-atomic-age-en|Devblog]] ===
Prinz Eugen, named after an 18th-century Austrian general, was the third and last ship of the German Admiral Hipper-class heavy cruisers to see completion. Although being ready for commissioning in July 1940, an RAF air raid on Kiel lightly damaged the warship, causing its commissioning to be delayed until August.

After passing sea trials in late 1940, Prinz Eugen was assigned to its first, and arguably its most well-known combat mission - Operation Rheinübung - alongside battleship Bismarck in May 1941. Following some repairs in France, Prinz Eugen was assigned to operations in Norwegian waters in 1942, though this undertaking was cut short by a successful torpedo attack performed by the British submarine HMS Trident, which heavily damaged Prinz Eugen. As a result, Prinz Eugen was ordered back to Germany for repairs.

Once repaired, Prinz Eugen returned to service in the late stages of WWII, acting initially as a training vessel for naval officers and providing artillery support for German ground units on the Eastern Front later on.

After the ceasefire in Europe, Prinz Eugen was handed over to the U.S. Navy as a war prize. After a detailed study of the ship's design, the U.S. Navy assigned the warship to a nuclear weapons test at the Bikini Atoll in 1946. Having survived two nuclear blasts one aerial and one underwater Prinz Eugen with minor damage was towed to Enubuj Island which was a part of Kwajalein Atoll. There the cruiser was the target of another underwater nuclear explosion. The ship stayed afloat again but the damage caused, coupled with the lack of a concerted effort for survivability, resulted in it eventually capsizing and sinking.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_cruiser_prinz_eugen Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" caption="Store Pack Images" heights="150">
File:Prinz Eugen Store Pack Image 01.jpg|
File:Prinz Eugen Store Pack Image 02.jpg|
File:Prinz Eugen Store Pack Image 03.jpg|
File:Prinz Eugen Store Pack Image 04.jpg|
File:Prinz Eugen Store Pack Image 05.jpg|
</gallery>
<gallery mode="packed" caption="Devblog Images" heights="150">
File:Prinz Eugen WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:Prinz Eugen WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:Prinz Eugen WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:Prinz Eugen WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:Prinz Eugen WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:Prinz Eugen WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
File:Prinz Eugen WTWallpaper 07.jpg|
File:Prinz Eugen WTWallpaper 08.jpg|
</gallery>

== See also ==


;[[Admiral Hipper (Family)|Related development]]

* [[Admiral Hipper]]

;Vessels of a similar role, configuration or era

* [[IJN Mogami]]
* [[USS Northampton (CA-26)|USS Northampton]]
* [[Kirov]]
* [[HMS London (69)]]
* [[Zara]]

;Other

* [[RN Eugenio di Savoia]] - Italian cruiser that shared the namesake with Prinz Eugen (Prince Eugene of Savoy)

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6498-development-prinz-eugen-steaming-into-the-atomic-age-en|[Devblog] Prinz Eugen: Steaming Into the Atomic Age]]

=== References ===

;Citations
<references />

;Bibliography

* WW2 Cruisers. (n.d.). Hipper Class. Retrieved November 13, 2020. [https://www.world-war.co.uk/germany/hipper.php Website]
* Rico, J. M. (1998). The Heavy Cruiser Prinz Eugen. Retrieved November 13, 2020. [https://www.kbismarck.com/prinzeugen.html Website]

{{ShipManufacturer Germaniawerft}}
{{Germany heavy cruisers}}
{{Germany premium ships}}

VRCC

2024-10-11T17:16:22Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_vrcc_centauro
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_002.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

Introduced into the service of the Spanish Army in the late 1990s, the VRCC (Cavalry Reconnaissance and Combat Vehicle) has proven to be an invaluable asset over the years. Since its introduction, the VRCC has been an essential component in various military operations and exercises, making significant contributions to Spain's defense capability. Belonging to prestigious Cavalry regiments such as the 10th "Alcántara" Cavalry Regiment and the 12th "Farnesio" Cavalry Regiment, the VRCC has established a legacy of excellence in military service throughout the 2000s and 2010s. The VRCC has taken part in various operational missions over the years, including deployments in regions such as the Balkans, the Middle East, and Africa. From peacekeeping and security missions in the Balkans to support operations in conflict zones in the Middle East and Africa, the VRCC has proven its capability to adapt to different environments and situations.

The VRCC was introduced as a premium gift vehicle in [[Update "Drone Age"]], but was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/https://warthunder.com/en/news/8880-shop-may-sale-in-the-gaijin-store-enn|2024 May sales]].

It stands as a formidable force. Armed with a potent 105 mm cannon, it possesses the ability to engage and neutralize a wide spectrum of targets with accuracy and efficiency. Its swift mobility across diverse landscapes empowers rapid deployment and tactical manoeuvrability, ensuring a potent presence on the battlefield. Enhanced by advanced electronic systems, the VRCC offers heightened situational awareness, enabling effective command and control. Whether conducting reconnaissance or providing support in offensive operations, the VRCC's combat capabilities underscore its crucial role on the battlefield.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


The survival strategy of the VRCC resonates with the hit-and-run doctrine, which mirrors the mobility-driven defense tactic observed in the [[Centauro (Family)|B1 Centauro]]. This approach capitalizes on exploiting the vehicle's exceptional mobility to limit exposure to adversaries, swiftly execute precise attacks, and promptly reposition before effective retaliation is possible. In parallel to this doctrine, the VRCC optimizes its survival potential by minimizing prolonged engagements, sustaining continuous movement. Its remarkable mobility across diverse terrains permits rapid transitions, rendering enemy identification and tracking arduous. By adhering to this philosophy, the VRCC orchestrates surprise offensives, leveraging its potent armament to inflict damage before tactically withdrawing to thwart the adversary's responsive measures.

This mobility paradigm not only bolsters offensive efficacy but also serves as a linchpin in defensive manoeuvres. By evading predictable stances, the VRCC markedly diminishes vulnerability to enemy hazards like direct fire or anti-tank weaponry. This stratagem empowers the VRCC to sidestep threats, ensuring crew safety. Crucially, the union of hit-and-run doctrine with mobility-centric defense underscores the VRCC's capacity to excel on the battlefields. The vehicle adeptly deploys firepower with precision, strategically retreating to assure self-preservation. The additional armour kits fortify its defensive potential against high-calibre machine guns and limited protection against autocannons.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 15 mm (80°) ''Upper Glacis'' 35 mm (45°) ''Lower Glacis''
| 25 mm (47°) ''Top'' 25 mm (0-28°) ''Bottom''
| 20 mm (21°) || 15 mm (20°) ''Front glacis'' 20 mm ''Crew compartment'' 10 mm ''Engine vent''
|-
| Turret || 25 mm (19°)Turret front 40 mm (6°-51°-56°) Gun mantlet
| 25 mm (18°) || 15+15 mm (12°) ''Left section'' 15 mm ''Right section'' 10 mm (85°) ''Turret overhang''
| 15+15 mm (5°) ''Front'' 15 mm ''Rear''
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=806|rbMinHp=460}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)|105 mm OTO Melara 105/52]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -6°/+16° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 21.7 || 30.0 || 36.5 || 40.3 || 42.9 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 13.6 || 16.0 || 19.4 || 21.4 || 22.8
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)/Ammunition|M456, M416, M393A2, M735, DM33}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || 29 ''(+11)'' || 17 ''(+23)'' || 12 ''(+28)'' || 1 ''(+39)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)}}

The VRCC-105 is equipped with two 7.62 mm Beretta MG42/59 machine guns with a high rate of fire. One machine gun is coaxial and operates on the same axes as the main cannon. The other machine gun is mounted to the left of the commander's cupola and moves independently from the rest of the turret. This gives it a 360-degree rotation. These machine guns can sometimes be effective against helicopters and slow-moving planes, but a large number of bullets are required to take down these targets. Otherwise, the machine guns are ineffective against armoured targets such as enemy tanks and IFVs. They can be used to take down foliage and light obstructions in order to clean lines of travel or sight. If fired at an enemy turret it has the potential to obscure the gunner's view, making it harder for the enemy to shoot you. Otherwise, the machine guns are unremarkable.
{| class="wikitable" width="50%" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" |[[Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Beretta MG42/59]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,600 (200) || 801 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (200) || 801 || -8°/+20° || ±120°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==



The VRCC-105 is a great tank destroyer than can be truly difficult to take out when used by a player that knows both its pros and cons. The VRCC's wheeled configuration offers the player a vehicle which not only is highly mobile, but a vehicle which can support its team in several ways. As a support vehicle the VRCC has access to the binoculars which are able to scout enemy players. Make sure to remain hidden whilst doing this, allowing your team to know where enemies are will ultimately mean that their situational awareness will rise and keep you and the rest of the team safe. Another way the VRCC 105 can scout is with the scout drone mechanic that all players who have bought the vehicle get access to from the get-go. With the scouting drone you are able to bring out a small drone to spot enemies and do battlefield survailance. There is some cons to doing this however, when using the scouting drone you remain defenceless, at the mercy of the enemy team and the protection of your own teamates. Make sure when using it you are hidden or somewhere safe. The pros of using this support drone are quite a lot, for starters it heavily complements your anti-tank gameplay. When using the VRCC 105 you should base your playstyle on speedy stealth flanking strikes or reconnaissance (scouting) with a sharp emphasis on sniping. You have access to a more than capable 105 mm cannon with the ability to fire APFSDS and HEAT rounds. The cannon can pretty much deal with anything your will encounter, as long as you know your enemies weakspots. When it comes to armor, you don't have much to work with sadly. The VRCC is only able to withstand machine-gun fire and at times take hits from low level auto-cannon fire. You do have access to a thermal imaging device, this will be one of the more useful items in your arsenal and will allow you to better spot enemies from behind cover, as well as quickly engage and disengage without exposing yourself long enough for the enemy to see you coming. Though this movement flexibility comes with the loss of armour protection as previously mentioned, you can play well with this vehicle if you are able to master its playstyle.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High top speed
* Deadly armour-piercing rounds
* Thermal imager

'''Cons:'''

* Light armour
* Inadequate off-road mobility

== History ==


The story of the VRCC-105 began in Italy during the late stages of the cold war. The Italian army during the 1980s issued a set of requirements for a new vehicle that would have equivalent firepower to the Leopard 1 MBT in Italian service at the time, but with greater combat mobility and the ability to reach greater points of strategic control. In response to this, the Italian companies known as Fiat, Iveco and Oto Melara would have joined forces in a 3-way consortium to begin developing the new vehicle requested by the Italian Army. In this joint venture, Fiat and Iveco were developing the vehicle's hull and power supply, whilst Oto Melara took care of the vehicle's turret, optics and weapon systems. The vehicle would need to be light enough to be be used for recon but also to allow the installation of the turret to not drag the vehicle down. Due to this the Centauro wouldn't be heavily armoured so it did pose a danger to the crew if they were to be hit by an enemy tank. Thankfully what it lacked in protection, meant it excelled in speed. The B1 Centauro was easily able to reach the speed of up to 105+km per hour on road. Due to this feat the vehicle became quite sought after. The B1 Centauro featured a 105mm cannon made by OTO Melara which was able to fire a multitude of NATO standard munitions, such as APDS, HEAT, HESH and APFSDS. In 1986, the final prototype of the B1 Centauro project was unveiled on Sardinia. Impressed by the B1 Centauro, the Italian Military placed orders for a number of vehicles, going in production in 1991 with the first ones entering service as early as 1992. Italy would modify the B1 Centauro during its service, for example some would feature the SICCONA battle management system, but one of the more popular modifications was the introduction of Kevlar shields around the turret which gave an increase in ballistic protection to the vehicle and crew.

Years later Spain would show interest in purchasing the vehicle to allow the Spanish army to retire their AMX-30's tanks. In total the Spanish army bought 84 units, which would be delivered from 2001-2006 in separate batches. The first batch was fully made in Italy, however the second would have mechanical and electronic parts made in Spain, built by the Spanish CIO consortium subsidiaries (OTO-Melara Iberica and IVECO-Pegaso and Amper). Spain also would contract several of their companies to create dedicated munitions for their Centauros. Other modifications fitted also include the time Spain had upgraded their FCS of their Centauros to allow the crew to have access to Gen 2 optics. Another modification although not as common would be the addition of an add-on armour plate in front on the hull. Other than that these Centauros are virtually identical to their Italian counterparts. These Centauro's would be used by the following Spanish regiments; ''Regimiento de Caballería "Pavía", Regimiento de Caballería "Lusitania"'' and finally ''Regimiento de Caballería "España" ''. For now the Spanish Centauros will remain in service however they may be interested in the evolution of it, the B2 Centauro, to replace them similarly to how the Italian army is doing.

Devblog

Since 2000, the Italian B1 Centauro wheeled armoured vehicle has been supplied to the Spanish army. With its new operators, the vehicle index changed to VRCC (Vehículos de Reconocimiento y Combate de Caballería - "cavalry reconnaissance and combat vehicle"), but the name itself remained unchanged. The vehicles were built in Italy and differed from the basic B1 version by a slightly modified frontal hull armour and the smoke grenade launchers, the same as found on the second Centauro series. The contract for the second batch of machines, signed in 2002, also included partial licensing of the production for the Spanish domestic market, as well as the modernization of the fire control system by installing a more advanced gunner's Thermal vision device. In addition, the armament of the VRCC Centauro was reinforced with a second light machine gun on the turret roof.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_vrcc_centauro Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==



* [[Centauro I 105]]
* [[Centauro I 105 R]]
* [[Centauro I 120]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7829-development-pre-order-vrcc-centauro-en|[Devblog] Pre-order: VRCC Centauro]]

{{TankManufacturer OTO Melara}}
{{Italy light tanks}}
{{Italy premium ground vehicles}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

HMS Iron Duke

2024-10-11T17:12:13Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_battleship_iron_duke
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} British battleship {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Kings of Battle"]], but was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/https://warthunder.com/en/news/8880-shop-may-sale-in-the-gaijin-store-enn|2024 May sales]]. It has since been reintroduced, purchasable in-game for Golden Eagles {{GE}} for the [[wt:en/news/9123-shop-hms-iron-duke-is-back-on-the-anniversary-of-its-launch-en|2024 "Anniversary of its Launch"]] mini event.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

HMS Iron Duke, like other British battleships of this time period, uses a distributed armour scheme. Her main main belt has a thickness of {{Annotation|12 inches|304.8 mm}}, slightly angled to increase effectiveness. This falls off to {{Annotation|9 inches|228.6 mm}} and then {{Annotation|8 inches|203.2 mm}} on the hull, before finally ending with {{Annotation|6 inches|152.4 mm}} on the secondary armour deck. The main belt will be resistant to most battleships of the rank, but the higher ranked ships like the [[SMS Bayern]] or [[IJN Fuso]] will be able to penetrate it at most ranges, and the thinner armour above the main belt will be easily penetrated by all capital ships. Iron Duke has no dedicated torpedo protection, though it does have coal bunkers which can absorb some hits.

The turrets are fairly well armoured, though not to the extreme of something like the [[USS Nevada]] with her {{Annotation|18 inches|457.2 mm}} of angled turret armour. HMS Iron Duke has 2 layers of turret armour, with the first coming in at {{Annotation|11 inches|279.4 mm}} of armour, covering the front, rear and sides and a second {{Annotation|3-inch|76.2 mm}} layer contained within. This should be more than enough armour to stop most shells at anything but extremely close range. The top of the turrets also have multiple layers of armour, with both a {{Annotation|3-inch|76.2 mm}} and {{Annotation|4-inch|101.6 mm}} plate protecting from plunging fire. The turret barbette armour ranges from {{Annotation|9-10 inches|228.6-254 mm}}, which unfortunately means that every battleship will easily be able to destroy the ammo elevators, though these won't explode when hit. The magazines are placed well below the waterline, and have multiple layers of deck armour to detonate plunging fire and shield the magazine from hits, with two {{Annotation|1-inch|25.4 mm}} and a {{Annotation|1.25-inch|31.75 mm}} plate providing ample protection.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|13.5 inch/45 Mark 5(H) (343 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

{{:13.5 inch/45 Mark 5(H) (343 mm)/Ammunition|13.5 inch HE, 13.5 inch APC Mk.Ia, 13.5 inch CPBC, 13.5 inch APC Mk.IIIa}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|6 inch/45 BL Mark VII (152 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

{{:6 inch/45 BL Mark VII (152 mm)/Ammunition|6 inch HE, 6 inch CPC}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|4 in QF Mark V (102 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.IV (533 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8521-development-pre-order-battleships-hms-iron-duke-and-ijn-yamashiro-en|[Devblog] Battleships HMS Iron Duke and IJN Yamashiro!]]

{{ShipManufacturer Portsmouth}}
{{Britain battleships}}
{{Britain premium ships}}

USS Cowell

2024-10-11T16:48:22Z

U105837429: Availabilty

{{Specs-Card
|code=us_destroyer_fletcher_cowell
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a member of the [[Fletcher (Family)|Fletcher-class]] destroyers, the first generation of destroyers developed by the U.S. after the disintegration of the Washington and London Naval Treaties during World War II. The Fletcher class was meant to be larger and carry more armament due to dissatisfaction with earlier destroyer classes. Cowell was named for US Navy officer John G. Cowell. She was laid down on 7th September 1942 and commissioned on 23rd August 1943. She spent her entire WWII career in the Pacific, participating in carrier screen force, escort duties, and anti-aircraft duty. On 13th October 1944, during the Battle of Leyte, she provided light, power, and pumping facilities to two torpedoed cruisers: USS Canberra and USS Houston. Cowell escorted the crippled ships to safety and then returned back to screen the carrier force once again. During the Battle of Okinawa, she was on radar picket duty which brought her a Presidential Unit Citation. On 22nd July 1946, she was placed into reserve and later reactivated for the Korean War. She escorted Iowa-class battleship USS Missouri to bombard North Korean positions around Wonsan harbour. For her WWII and Korean War service, she received a total of thirteen battle stars. After the war, she spent the remainder of her US Navy career exercising until she was decommissioned on 17th August 1971 and sold to the Argentinian Navy as ARA Almirante Stormi. She was sold for scrap in 1982.

USS Cowell was introduced in [[Update 1.77 "Advancing Storm"]], initially purchasable as a [[wt:en/news/5547-fleet-development-uss-cowell-dd-547-vulture-hunter-en|pre-order pack]] in the Gaijin store to access the [[wt:en/news/5585-final-fleet-testing-before-beginning-cbt-en|Naval Closed Beta Test]]. A Fletcher-class destroyer in the United States line, the Cowell is in the same class-line as the family ship [[USS Fletcher]]. The first statistical difference between the Fletcher and the Cowell is the armament, with the Cowell having four more turrets of 40 mm Bofors autocannons, and having one more additional turret of 20 mm autocannons.

USS Cowell was removed from the store in [[wt:en/news/6694-shop-may-sale-in-war-thunder-en|May 2020]]. It was still available on the PlayStation Store until [[wt:/en/news/6907-special-8th-anniversary-of-war-thunder-en|War Thunder's 8th anniversary sale]] when it was removed from sale. The ship was temporarily made available for purchase in-game with GE ({{GE}}) for the annual "US Navy Birthday" mini events in [[wt:en/news/6894-birthday-of-the-united-states-navy-en|2020]], [[wt:en/news/7372-special-us-navy-day-en|2021]], [[wt:en/news/7903-special-us-navy-birthday-en|2022]], [[wt:en/news/8514-special-us-navy-birthday-a-decal-and-the-uss-cowell-to-celebrate-en|2023]] and [[wt:en/news/9124-shop-special-a-decal-uss-cowell-and-uss-des-moines-for-the-us-navys-birthday-en|2024]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The Cowell is very strong and powerful against smaller vessels, however, should you be able to live long enough, a torpedo hitting the ship basically anywhere will guarantee a kill. Try using islands and cover to your advantage when attacking a Cowell using a plane or PT boat to hide from the arcs of the Bofors.

For destroyers, aim underneath the front turret with an AP shell. You will have a chance of detonating the ammunition stowage for the front guns which will normally kill the whole ship.

'''Armour type:'''

* Antifragmentation armour
* Cast homogeneous armour
* Hardened armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Bow (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Stern !! Deck
|-
| Hull || N/A || 13 mm (0-24°) || N/A || 13 mm (88-89°)
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Turrets || 3.2 mm ''Front'' 15 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 3.2 mm || 3.2 mm || 3.2 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* The radar atop the bridge is covered with an antifragmentation armour with 19 mm thickness.
* Gun shields around the 20 mm Oerlikon autocannons are 12.7 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

Reaching a flank speed of {{Annotation|35 kn|65 km/h,40 mph}}, USS Cowell is slower than the [[Porter (Family)|Porter-class]] such as the [[USS Moffett]], placing it slightly above average speed for American destroyers. This speed will allow Cowell to quickly get underway to important locations and USS Cowell takes 34 seconds to halt, and 30 seconds to accelerate to flank speed. She is also responsive to the captain's rudder commands, taking around 2 seconds to come full over. Speed falls to around {{Annotation|24 kn|45 km/h,28 mph}} in a sustained turn, leaving USS Cowell vulnerable to enemy fire and continuous turns are to be avoided.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|5 inch/38 Mk.12 (127 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[5/38 Mark 12 Dual Purpose (127 mm)|127 mm 5/38 Mark 12 Dual Purpose gun]] (x5)
|-
! colspan="6" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
|-
! || Turret 1 || Turret 2 || Turret 3 || Turret 4 || Turret 5
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| -10°/+85° || -10°/+85° || -10°/+85° || -10°/+85° || -10°/+85°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| ±150° || ±150° || ±143° || ±150° || ±150°
|-
! scope="row" | Ammo capacity
| colspan="6" | 1,800
|-
! scope="row" | Rounds per turret
| colspan="6" | 360
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:5 inch/38 Mk.12 (127 mm)/Ammunition|5 inch AAC Mk.34, 5 inch Common Mk.32, 5 inch SP Common Mk.46, 5 inch AAVT Mk.31}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|Bofors L/60 Mark 1 (40 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Bofors L/60 Mark 1 (40 mm)|40 mm Bofors L/60 Mark 1]] (x10)
|-
! colspan="6" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
|-
! || Front port turret (x2) || Front starboard turret (x2) || Middle port turret (x2) || Middle starboard turret (x2) || Rear turret (x2)
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| -15°/+88° || -15°/+88° || -10°/+88° || -10°/+88° || -15°/+88°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| -150°/+90° || -90°/+150° || -180°/+20° || -20°/+180° || ±180°
|-
! scope="row" | Ammo capacity
| colspan="6" | 20,000
|-
! scope="row" | Rounds per turret
| colspan="6" | 4,000
|-
|}

====Ammunition====

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}
* '''40 mm HE clips:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''40 mm AP clips:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}

{{:Bofors L/60 Mark 1 (40 mm)/Ammunition|HEFI-T, AP-T}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | [[Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|20 mm Oerlikon Mk.II]] (x7)
|-
! colspan="8" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
|-
! || Front port turret || Middle port turret || Front starboard turret || Middle starboard turret || Rear port turret || Rear starboard turret || Rear stern turret
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| -80°/+65° || ±100° || -65°/+80° || ±100° || colspan="3" | ±180°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| colspan="7" | -4°/+50°
|-
! scope="row" | Ammo capacity
| colspan="7" | 16,800
|-
! scope="row" | Rounds per turret
| colspan="7" | 2,400
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.15 (533 mm)|Mk.6 mortar depth charge}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="9" | 533 mm steam turbined Mk.15 torpedo
|-
! # on ship !! Mass (kg) !! Maximum speed in water (km/h) !! Travel distance (km) !! Depth stroke (m) !! Arming distance (m) !! Explosive type !! Explosive mass (kg)
|-
| 10 || 1,288 || 49 || 13.7 || 0.5 || 15 || TNT || 374
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

As a destroyer, the Cowell stands above the PT boats in the previous ranks.

The Cowell is a powerful American destroyer that is very versatile. There can be 3 main jobs for the Cowell to do:

*'''1. Gunfighter'''

With its fast firing armament, it is definitely capable of fighting other destroyers. Load APHE for your main guns and you can start firing against enemy ships from mid to long range. Try disabling the enemies' engine room or gun turrets to prevent them from escaping or fighting back effectively. You also have ten torpedoes so you can use them in any tricky situation. Should you be outmatched, try turning away and using a smoke screen to conceal yourself.

*'''2. Anti Air Ship'''

The Cowell has lots of anti-air weaponry. The deadliest will be your ten Bofors and five 127mm cannons. Let your AI gunners shoot from long distance using radio fuse HE shells. Once enemy aircraft come close enough you should either take control of the Bofors or the main guns themselves to deal with enemies. As always, lead your target and take into account your ship's momentum if you need to. The ship can fire all of its anti-aircraft guns when the enemy is directly above the ship. Try turning to the side to allow more guns to fire if the enemy is coming from an angle. The radio-fuse shells will make quick work of any enemy aircraft or at least critically damage them to the point that they will not be able to make their attack run, while the Bofors will chew down many smaller planes.

*'''3. Light Craft Hunter'''

The Bofors also allow the Cowell to hunt PT boats and other small craft very well. From longer distances, use HE or Radio HE shells to try to hit enemy PT boats and deal splash damage to them. Once you move in closer, take command of your Bofors, load their Universal or HE belts, and slice the PT boats to ribbons. For larger gunboats, using your main guns are still an option. Since you are a destroyer, you are armoured enough to be immune to most of their small cannon and machine gun fire. Your main threat at this point is torpedo boats. Try targetting any PT boats that are heading in your direction. PT boats such as the [[LS 3]] and [[G-5]] are dangerous since they are small, fast and can carry 2 torpedoes. Be sure you make your course erratic and hard to hit, and always be ready to change course in the event that you detect an incoming torpedo. Keep in mind, if a torpedo hits: game over.

In terms of opposition:

* [[BTD-1]]: This plane can carry 2 torpedoes which can kill you very quickly, or can attack you from high altitude with a 1,000 lb bomb. Try prioritizing these aircraft to shoot down first.
* [[SKR-1]]: This patrol ship can shoot very rapidly and deal a lot of damage to your ship. Try engaging it from long range where your shells will have the advantage.
* Light cruisers: Light cruisers will have better guns that are capable of beating you in a straight up gun duel. Try avoiding them or disabling their vital parts, or requesting help.
* PT boats: Certain PT boats who penetrate your line of defences might pose a danger by launching off torpedoes. Use your Bofors to try to mow down any PT boat that gets too close and always be manoeuvring to dodge

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

*Equipped with 5 fast-firing turrets
*Lots of Bofors to allow you to deal with air and PT boat threats
*Very effective at anti-air due to radio fuse shells and Bofors
*Has ten torpedoes
*Premium economy gain

'''Cons:'''

*Very vulnerable ammunition rack beneath the front turrets.

== History ==

[[File:USS Cowell (DD-547).jpg|thumb|450x450px|USS Cowell underway, 1951.]]
USS Cowell was a ship of the [[Fletcher (Family)|Fletcher-class]], built for the American navy during the Second World War. Being extremely numerous in number, the Fletcher class served in all theatres of war and contributed vitally to the war effort. Cowell was commissioned in August of 1943 and served in the Pacific theatre, where she would participate in numerous campaigns such as the Marinanas and Okinawa campaigns. She later served in the Korean war, and was eventually sold to the Argentinian navy in the early 1970s. She was eventually scrapped in 1982, after accruing 13 battle stars during her American service.

=== Design and construction ===
The Fletcher-class destroyers were conceived as a 2,100 ton class destroyer following the Benson and Gleaves class destroyers, which were rather inadequate compared to the destroyers of other nations. As a result, the plans were drawn up for the new class, which would carry an additional 5-inch gun and more torpedoes. The design was approved on 27 January 1940 by the Secretary of the Navy, Charles Edison, with construction plans expanded after the Battle of France in Europe when Congress passed the Two-Ocean Navy Act on July 19th, allowing for the construction of 115 destroyers. The Fletcher-class destroyers began construction in October 1941, with eleven shipyards involved in their production. By the war's end, 175 Fletcher-class destroyers were produced.

The USS Cowell was laid down in September of 1942 and completed by August of 1943, and then commissioned into service with the Pacific fleet. She displaced 2050 tons and had a crew complement of 273 officers and men. The ship carried a main armament of five 5-inch (127 mm) guns in single mounts, along with 10 Bofors guns and 7 Oerlikon autocannons for anti-aircraft defence. The ship carried ten 21-inch (533 mm) torpedoes in two quintuple mounts, as well as anti-submarine equipment. Equipped with engines delivering 60000 shp, the ship was capable of making 35 knots (65 km/h).

=== Operational history ===
After her commissioning, USS Cowell was sent to the Pacific theatre where she joined the Fast Carrier Task Force (TF 58) as they launched airstrikes on various targets. In this capacity, she served during the invasions of the Gilbert Islands, Kwajelein, Ebeye, Eniwetok, and Truk. After a brief replenishment at Pearl Harbour, Cowell returned to action and participated in the Battle of the Philippine Sea as well as the Battle of Leyte Gulf. In March of 1945, she participated in the invasion of Okinawa, where she shot down numerous enemy aircraft on the duty that would earn her a Presidential Unit Citation. After the end of hostilities, Cowell returned to the United States and was placed into reserve.

In 1951, the ship was recommissioned to serve in the Korean War, and escorted the Battleship Missouri as she bombarded North Korean positions. After the end of hostilities, she embarked on a long around-the-world cruise, passing through the Indian ocean, Suez Canal and Mediterranean sea before arriving at Norfolk again in 1954. She later participated in fleet exercises in the Pacific, where she escorted aircraft carriers and some of the first new American guided-missile cruisers. She was decommissioned in 1971 and subsequently handed over to Argentina, who operated her as ARA Almirante Storni for another decade until her decommissioning and subsequent scrapping in 1982.

=== [[wt:en/news/5547-fleet-development-uss-cowell-dd-547-vulture-hunter-en|Devblog]] ===
The USS Cowell was laid down on 7 September 1942, completed on 18 March and commissioned into service on 23 August 1943. She was the second ship, specifically, the second destroyer in the U.S. Navy to be named after her namesake, John G. Cowell. The individual after she was named after was an officer on board the U.S. sailing frigate USS Essex, that was severely wounded during a battle against a pair of British ships in the South Atlantic during The War of 1812. Despite losing a leg, Cowell refused to be carried to the lower decks for medical treatment, instead choosing to remain on his station and continue to motivate his fellow crewmen throughout the battle. Several weeks after the battle, Cowell died to his wounds and received an honorary burial for his courage in the principal church of Valparaíso, a rare honour for a foreigner. As for the destroyer USS Cowell, she was mostly employed as a carrier screener and anti-aircraft destroyer early on in her service career and later on as a radar picket. She took part in several major operations in the Pacific theatre, most notably on Okinawa, where she distinguished herself by shooting down several japanese regular and kamikaze aircraft and aiding damaged ships by providing covering fire and assisting in damage control. USS Cowell arrived to her homeport of San Diego on 17 November 1945 and was decommissioned from active service on 22 July 1946. Throughout the postwar period until 1951, Cowell was part of the U.S. Navy reserve. She was recommissioned into active service in September 1951 and participated in the Korean War as well as various exercises in the Pacific, Atlantic and Mediterranean.

In August 1971, the ship was ultimately decommissioned from U.S. service and was sold to the Argentinian navy, where she received her new name - Almirante Storni. She served under the Argentinian banner until 1982, when she was finally decommissioned from service for good. Shortly after, she was taken apart for scrap.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_destroyer_fletcher_cowell Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|zCiYZGT9Ipc|'''The Shooting Range #102''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:56 discusses the Cowell (DD-547).|xcZUL5_9HhM|'''Premium Destroyer Comparison''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==


;Related development
* [[Fletcher (Family)]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role
* [[USS Aylwin]]
* [[Harukaze|JDS Harukaze]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5547-fleet-development-uss-cowell-dd-547-vulture-hunter-en|[Fleet] USS Cowell (DD-547): Vulture Hunter]]

=== References ===

* Destroyer History Foundation. (2000). USS Cowell (DD-547), Fletcher-class destroyer in World War II. Retrieved January 26, 2021, from <nowiki>https://destroyerhistory.org/fletcherclass/usscowell/</nowiki>
* Helgason, G. (1995). USS Cowell. Retrieved January 26, 2021, from <nowiki>https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/1917.html</nowiki>

{{ShipManufacturer Bethlehem Steel}}
{{USA destroyers}}
{{USA premium ships}}

USS Des Moines

2024-10-11T16:45:25Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability

{{Specs-Card
|code=us_cruiser_des_moines_class
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_002.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is the lead ship of her class of three heavy cruisers, laid down in late May 1945 shortly before the end of World War 2. Derived from the earlier [[Baltimore (Family)|Baltimore-class]] heavy cruisers, she was the first ship in the US Navy to utilize autoloading {{Annotation|8-inch|203 mm}} guns. She would not see combat, only being commissioned in 1948, with a short service life of only 13 years, being decommissioned in 1961. Notably, she did serve as the flagship of the Mediterranean fleet for 7 of those years, and as the control center for American armed forces in the Lebanon crisis of 1958.

Introduced in [[Update "Sky Guardians"]] but was removed from the Gaijin store after the [[wt:en/news/8580-shop-war-thunders-birthday-sale-in-the-gaijinnet-store-en|War Thunder 11th Anniversary sale]]. The ship was temporarily made available for purchase in-game with GE ({{GE}}) for specific US mini-events like the [[wt:en/news/9124-shop-special-a-decal-uss-cowell-and-uss-des-moines-for-the-us-navys-birthday-en|2024]] "US Navy Birthday" event.

The USS Des Moines is in an earlier refit compared to her sister ship [[USS Newport News]] but has a much stronger anti-aircraft battery: increased from two double {{Annotation|3-inch|76 mm}} autocannon mounts on the USS Newport News to a whopping 12 double mounts, plus an additional twelve double 20 mm mounts. This means that in addition to her impressive anti-ship capabilities with a 6-second reload for her main battery, she can also serve as a protective screen for battleships and less protected cruisers against air attack.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

USS Des Moines, as the lead ship of the [[Des Moines (Family)|Des Moines class]], has an armour layout which is based off the [[Baltimore (Family)|Baltimore class]] heavy cruisers. The main benefit for the main armour belt was to provide protection for the forward magazines, increasing the protection underneath the forward turrets from {{Annotation|0.75 inches|19.05 mm}} to {{Annotation|5.8 inches|147.32 mm}} of armour. The main armour belt is slightly thinner as the [[Baltimore (Family)|Baltimore class]] has a {{Annotation|6-inch|152 mm}} belt, but the extra coverage which the extended belt provides is very welcome. The fore and aft of the citadel are protected by {{Annotation|4.8 inches|121.92 mm}} of bulkhead armour, and thin {{Annotation|0.75-inch|19.05 mm}} bulkheads interspersed throughout the citadel. The decks above the citadel are protected by {{Annotation|1-inch|25.4 mm}} of anti-fragmentation armour just like the destroyers in the US tree. Lower in the ship is a {{Annotation|3.4-inch|86.36 mm}} deck armour plate to deal with incoming fire from long ranges as well; this can deal with other cruisers and lower, however battlecruisers and battleships will easily penetrate this.

Des Moines has excellent armour on the turrets, with {{Annotation|8 inches|203.2 mm}} of armour on the turret face, angled at 34 degrees to provide extra protection. This renders the turret face essentially impervious to any cruiser or destroyer fire, so long as it is facing towards the enemy. The turret sides, with only {{Annotation|3.75 inches|95.25 mm}} of armour, can be penetrated by all cruiser calibre and many destroyer calibre guns at close range. The roof is better protected to defeat plunging fire, with {{Annotation|4 inches|101.6 mm}} of armour. The barbettes have less armour, with {{Annotation|6.1 inches|154.94 mm}} of protection. These will be knocked out regularly by other heavy cruisers and every battleship. These lead into the magazines, and the second turret magazine in particular. It is placed in an exposed position above the waterline unlike the Baltimores, so every precaution should be taken to avoid taking fire to this section. When fighting the Des Moines, this is the recommended area to hit.

Similar to other American cruisers, she lacks torpedo bulges, instead relying on fuel tanks along the hull. These cover the entirety of the hull between the turrets and can absorb some smaller torpedoes, though most will easily punch through. Captains should watch out for torpedo attacks at all times. If taking a hit is inevitable, manoeuvre the ship so that it takes the hit as close to the front of bow as possible, as the bow is mostly empty space and Des Moines can survive a hit here with just some flooding. Any hits below the turrets, especially the second, should be avoided at all costs.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

Possessing a flank speed of {{Annotation|33 kn|61 km/h, 38 mph}}, USS Des Moines has the same top speed as other American heavy cruisers such as the [[USS New Orleans]] or the [[Baltimore (Family)|Baltimore-class]], and slightly faster than the [[Brooklyn (Family)|Brooklyn class]]. This speed allows Des Moines to make it to capture zones and other key locations at a reasonable pace, though not quite as some other cruisers such as [[Voroshilov]]. This speed drops to {{Annotation|23 kn|43 km/h, 27 mph}} in a turn, which although leaving her as an easier target, is still faster than any of the American battleships' flank speeds.

The rudder takes roughly 2 seconds to cause the ship to begin a turn, and while USS Des Moinse is responsive, at essentially 21 tons displacement there is a limit to just how quickly she can turn. Des Moines is agile for a heavy cruiser, but captains will need to be wary when traversing narrow passages as she is unable to make many of the turns that a destroyer or light cruiser could make.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|8 inch/55 Mark 16 (203 mm)}}

The primary armament of 3 x 8 inch/55 Mark 16 triple-gun mount cannons is currently the undisputed best heavy cruiser cannons. Able to fire a volley every 6 seconds (10 rpm) allows for all vessels, cruisers or smaller to be destroyed with relative ease. Like most American cannons, the shell velocity is quite low, making very large shell arches, allowing for ships to be struck whilst still behind island cover. This does however make long-range shooting a significant challenge.'

The Des Moines has 4 round types, a HE round, two SAP round types and an AP round. The explosive mass of all rounds are extremely powerful for their type. The AP round can successfully fight all heavy cruisers as well as some battlecruisers such as the HMS Glorious, SMS Von der Tan, and HMS Invincible to name a few.

{{:8 inch/55 Mark 16 (203 mm)/Ammunition|8 inch Mk.14 Common, 8 inch Mk.21 APCBC, 8 inch Mk.25 HC, 8 inch Mk.17 SP Common}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|5 inch/38 Mk.12 (127 mm)}}

The secondary armament is 6 x 5 inch/38 Mk/12 twin-mounted, dual-purpose cannons, with a max of 4 turrets being able to fire during a broadside. The max fire rate is 15-22 rpm (depending on if the first-stage ammunition is not depleted). Their cannons have terrible muzzle velocity making distant shots against maneuvering targets a major challenge. Fortunately, when fighting light cruisers and destroyers, these secondaries can cause significant damage using HE and SAP rounds. These turrets also have access to proximity fuse shells, providing superb long to medium-range defence against aircraft, including high-altitude bombers.

{{:5 inch/38 Mk.12 (127 mm)/Ammunition|5 inch AAC Mk.34, 5 inch AAVT Mk.31, 5 inch SP Common Mk.46}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|3 inch Mk.33 (76 mm)|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mark V (20 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and strategy tips. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents of this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Adequate speed, on par with the rest of the American ships of this level
* Decent main firepower with an excellent fire rate of 10 rounds per minute
* Has access to a tracking radar
* Powerful auxiliary and AA defence with decent range and effective against both aircraft and light naval targets
* Large crew complement allows for a decent survivability
* Decent ammo variety for both the 8-inch and 5-inch guns including HE-VT, HE and AP type rounds
* Overall armour is above average for a cruiser

'''Cons:'''

* Large and long vessel, quite easy to hit especially with torpedoes
* No torpedo protection
* Doesn't have access to a scout plane
* Front ammo rack is easily detonated by even 8-inch AP shells from cruisers

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_cruiser_des_moines_class Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[USS Newport News]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8107-development-pre-order-uss-ca-134-des-moines-1948-heavy-cruiser-en|[Devblog] Pre-order: USS CA-134 Des Moines 1948 heavy cruiser]]

{{ShipManufacturer Bethlehem Steel}}
{{USA heavy cruisers}}
{{USA premium ships}}

A-20G-30 (USSR)

2024-07-26T09:20:27Z

U105837429: /* Flight performance */ grammar

{{About
| about = premium bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = DB-7 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=a_20g_30_ussr
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==


As a part of the Lend-Lease program, several variants of the American '''[[DB-7 (Family)|A-20 Havoc]]''' were sent to the Soviet Union to aid in their war effort against Nazi Germany. The ''A-20G'' variant in particular made up a significant portion of the delivery. As with several lend-lease aircraft the Soviets received from the Western Allies, Soviet engineers modified some of these vehicles to fit them with domestic equipment, either for the sake of logistics or to potentially improve its capabilities. The lend-lease A-20 Havoc is in the latter case, albeit to an extreme degree. The Soviets deemed that the Havoc's performance was "overpowered", so instead of using its intended payload of four 250 lb bombs or eight rockets, Soviet engineers decided to push the Havoc's weightlifting capacity to its limits by adding extra bomb racks to allow the plane to accept more bombs of various size, effectively doubling its payload size at the cost of worsened flight performance. Following a period of familiarization, the A-20 Havoc was generally liked by Soviet airmen, who deemed the aircraft's ease of use and maintenance, its high top speed and agility, and large payload limit to be its greatest strengths. In the end, the Soviet ended up being the biggest operator of the Havoc, with 3,414 Havocs being delivered, a number even higher than a Havoc in service with the USAAF.

Introduced in [[Update "Fire and Ice"]], the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is an alternative to the [[B-25J-30_(USSR)|lend-lease B-25J Mitchell]], featuring more versatile payload and agility at the cost of survivability. The Soviet Havoc is a huge step-up compared to its [[A-20G-25|American counterparts]] in terms of payload, being able to carry much bigger bombs and heavier overall payload. This allows the Soviet Havoc to excel at ground-pounding, base bombing, or close air support. However, other than its payload, the Soviet Havoc is identical to its American counterpart at a much lower BR, and as such it often struggles against faster and more advanced aircraft, especially while carrying heavy payloads.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Soviet A-20 performs exactly the same as its [[A-20G-25|American counterpart]]. It is reasonably fast and manoeuvrable for its type, yet has worse energy retention and handling compared to a fighter. Though due to the Soviet modifying the Havoc to carry a much heavier payload than it was originally designed, its performance dramatically worsens as a result with the more payload you carry.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 3,048 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 492 || 475 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 35.2 || 36.2 || 7.7 || 7.7 || rowspan="2" | 604
|-
! Upgraded
| 535 || 510 || 33.0 || 34.0 || 12.7 || 10.1
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 696  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 428 || 406 || 295 || ~6 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 260 || < 320 || < 300 || > 320
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The A-20G-30 is rather well-protected. It sports 3 defensive .50 calibre guns, two in a dorsal turret capable of complete rotation, the other in a limited arc under the aircraft's tail. As for the armour, the pilot is protected by 57 mm bulletproof glass and several 12.7 mm steel plates in front of and behind, and 8 mm plates to his sides. The only thing to look out for is the chance of the tail section ripping off at a higher rate than its other bomber and ground attacking comrades.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (350 rpg = 2,100 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="6%" | 1 !! width="6%" | 2 !! width="6%" | 3 !! width="6%" | 4 !! width="6%" | 5 !! width="6%" | 6 !! width="6%" | 7
| rowspan="9" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[FAB-50sv (50 kg)|50 kg FAB-50sv]] bombs
| 1* || 1* || || 4, 16 || || 1* || 1*
|-
! [[FAB-100sv (100 kg)|100 kg FAB-100sv]] bombs
| 1* || 1* || || 4, 16 || || 1* || 1*
|-
! [[FAB-250sv (250 kg)|250 kg FAB-250sv]] bombs
| 1* || 1* || 1 || || 1 || 1* || 1*
|-
! [[FAB-500sv (500 kg)|500 kg FAB-500sv]] bombs
| || || 1 || || 1 || ||
|-
! [[FAB-1000 (1,000 kg)|1,000 kg FAB-1000]] bombs
| || || 1 || || 1 || ||
|-
! [[AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|500 lb AN-M64A1]] bombs
| || || || 4 || || ||
|-
! [[45-36NU (450 mm)|450 mm 45-36NU]] torpedoes
| || || 1 || || 1 || ||
|-
| colspan="8" | Maximum permissible loadout weight: 2,160 kg Maximum permissible wing load: 1,080 kg Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 1,080 kg
|-
| colspan="9" | * 50/100 kg bombs and 250 kg bombs cannot be mixed within each wing (hardpoints 1/2 and hardpoints 6/7)
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
* Without load
* 8 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (400 kg total)
* 16 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (800 kg total)
* 8 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (800 kg total)
* 16 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (1,600 kg total)
* 4 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 6 x 250 kg FAB-250sv bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg FAB-500sv bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 1,000 kg FAB-1000 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 450 mm 45-36NU torpedoes
{{Navigation-End}}

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, dorsal turret (400 rpg = 800 total)
* 1 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine gun, ventral turret (400 rpg)

The tail section of the plane creates a big blind spot for the dorsal turret. Be careful when enemies approach from behind because you will not be able to hit targets directly behind you.

== Usage in battles ==

The A-20G-30 was a modification of the American [[A-20G-25]], thus it excels at attacking soft targets such as howitzers and SPAA. The 6 x .50 calibre guns situated in the nose are fully capable of destroying light pillboxes en masse. While still capable of hitting bases with its 2 x 1,000 kg bombs, this aircraft is more effective with loads that contain larger numbers of bombs for soft targets.

With the 6 forward-facing .50 calibre guns and a decent turn time and rate of climb for a twin-engine aircraft, the A-20G-30 is well suited for the role of heavy fighter. Be warned, the A-20G-30 does not have the energy retention of dedicated heavy fighters like the [[Bf 110 (Family)|Bf 110]]'s in the German tech tree. This could lead to the aircraft being destroyed in such a dogfight.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Large payload size and options
* Has an access to custom loadout
* Good top speed and overall handling for its class, especially without payload
* Effective offensive armament
* Has tricycle landing gear, able to take off and land on small airfields

'''Cons:'''

* Effectively the same plane as its [[A-20G-25|American counterpart]] but at a significantly higher BR in RB and SB, can be easily outclassed especially in an uptier
* Lacklustre turn time, flight performance will be worsened the more payload you carry
* Poor energy retention, especially with wing payloads
* Limited defensive coverage, its tail section blocks a large portion of the dorsal turret's firing arc
* Weak tail section that can be easily snapped off by autocannons it commonly faces at the BR

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Douglas}}
{{USSR bombers}}
{{USSR premium aircraft}}

SMS Baden

2024-04-17T16:18:18Z

U105837429: /* Description */ event info

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_battleship_baden
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German battleship {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Alpha Strike"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/7796-event-summer-quest-en|2024 Imperial Flagship event]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|SK L/45 (380 mm)}}
''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

{{:SK L/45 (380 mm)/Ammunition|380 mm Spr.gr. L/4.1 Bdz., 380 mm Psgr. L/3.5 APCBC}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|150 mm/45 SK L/45 (150 mm)}}
''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

{{:150 mm/45 SK L/45 (150 mm)/Ammunition|150 mm Sprgr. L/4.1 Kz, 150 mm Sprgr. L/4.1 Bdz, 150 mm Psgr. L/3.7}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|88 mm/45 AA SK L/45 (88 mm)}}
''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|H/8 (600 mm)}}
''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

=== [[wt:en/news/8819-development-imperial-flagship-sms-baden-en|Devblog]] ===
SMS Baden became the second and last ship built in a series of the most powerful battleships in the history of the Imperial German Navy. This ship was launched at the end of October 1915 and entered service a year later in October 1916. Becoming the flagship of the High Seas Fleet, Baden was transferred to Kiel to prevent the allied forces from breaking through into the Baltic Sea. In 1918, part of the crew of Baden joined the Kiel anti-war uprising. In 1919, along with other ships of the High Seas Fleet, she was transferred to the Scapa Flow for internment, where commanders of the fleet received orders to scuttle ships in this area. Despite this, Baden’s crew failed to cause enough critical damage, causing her to be captured by the British. In August 1921, Baden was destroyed as a target ship by gunnery practice from the Royal Navy.

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8819-development-imperial-flagship-sms-baden-en|[Devblog] Imperial Flagship: SMS Baden]]

{{ShipManufacturer Schichau-Werke}}
{{Germany battleships}}

Kleber

2024-04-15T14:17:11Z

U105837429: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_destroyer_Z6_Theodor_Riedel

{{Specs-Card
|code=fr_destroyer_desaix_class_kleber
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Alpha Strike"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|12.8 cm/45 SK C/34 (128 mm)}}
''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

{{:12.8 cm/45 SK C/34 (128 mm)/Ammunition|12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Kpf.Z, 12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Bd.Z, 12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Zt.Z}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|Bofors L/60 Mark 3 (40 mm)}}
''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}
* '''40 mm HE clips:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''40 mm AP clips:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}

{{:Bofors L/60 Mark 3 (40 mm)/Ammunition|HEFI-T, AP-T}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakzwilling 38 (20 mm)}}
''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|G7a (533 mm)}}
''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''
*

'''Cons:'''
*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

;Related development

* [[Type 1934A (Family)]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{ShipManufacturer DeSchiMAG}}
{{France destroyers}}

AMX-30 Super

2024-02-26T13:17:51Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability update

{{About
|about=premium French medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage=other versions
|link=AMX-30 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=fr_amx_30_super
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''AMX-30 Super''' is the third upgraded subvariant of the [[AMX-30 (1972)|AMX-30B]], which is the second variant of the [[AMX-30 (Family)|AMX-30 main battle tank family]]. A consortium of West German companies designed the AMX-30 Super modernisation package for the AMX-30B (Model 1972) in the late 1980s. AEG, Krupp Atlas Elektronik, MTU, Wegmann & Co., Diehl, ZF Friedrichshafen, and GLS formed the consortium. The power packs were upgraded with a new MTU MB833 Ka501 diesel engine with 850 horsepower, a ZF LSG-3000 automatic transmission, a new engine cooling system, and a fuel capacity increase to 1,028 litres. Upgraded torsion bars, hydraulic shock absorbers, new somewhat wider road wheels, and Diehl Type 234 tracks are also part of the mobility upgrade. The fire control systems have been upgraded with Krupp Atlas Elektronik's MOLF-30 modular laser FCS, a two-plane fully automatic stabilization system, and modern gunner thermal imaging equipment. Additional turret armour is also available per buyer request. A single prototype was created, publicly displayed, and tested in Saudi Arabia. The upgrade was unable to find a customer.

Introduced in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]] as a [[wt:en/news/6198-development-super-amx-30-the-stabilizer-is-ready-to-go-en|premium pack]], the AMX-30 Super is the third and final upgrade of the base variant AMX-30B. The AMX-30 Super is equipped with a much-needed two-plane fully automatic stabilization system. Players can now take part in urban fights and lead assaults, which were previously impossible in practically all older variants of the AMX-30 main battle tanks. The familiar coaxial armament, the dual-purpose 20 mm GIAT M693 autocannon, has been removed, and the original M2HB Browning heavy machine gun has replaced it.
It was removed from the Gaijin store after the [[wt:en/news/8677-shop-the-new-year-sale-in-the-gaijinnet-store-en|2023 New Year sale]] and returned as a permanent premium vehicle you can buy with GE {{GE}} at the end of [[wt:en/news/8715-special-the-amx-30-super-is-returning-and-is-here-to-stay-en|January 2024]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


The armour protection, as common in many European MBTs such as the [[Leopard I]], isn't enough to stop anything apart from heavy machine guns and 30 mm shells (although the sides and the rear are vulnerable even to 20 mm autocannon such as those on the [[AMX-30]] and [[MBT-70]]), but sometimes the angles of the hull will bounce some shells. The turret is not great as most shells will penetrate it, often killing the gunner and detonating the ammunition in the rear of the turret. Unlike the Leopard I, the {{PAGENAME}} is capable of carrying enough ammunition in the turret to fight, leaving the hull relatively safe, but this comes with a price: whenever the tank is hit in the turret, there's a high chance that the ammunition will catch fire.

The fuel tank in the hull can stop some heat shells, but it's not something to rely on. Given the high mobility of the tank and the two-plane stabilizer, the vehicle gives his best when moving fast and hitting the enemy from the distance.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,317|rbMinHp=752}}

The {{PAGENAME}} is fast and nimble. Its engine gives a specific power of 1,622 hp in AB and 850 hp in RB/SB. With a power-to-ton ratio of 23.2 hp/ton in RB/SB and 44.4 hp/ton in AB, this tank can certainly traverse the terrains smoothly. Being about 36.5 tons, this tank is relatively lighter than its competitors of similar BR. This tank can go up to 72 km/h in AB and 65 km/h in RB/SB forwards and it goes up to -30 km/h in AB and -27 km/h in RB/SB reverse.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|CN-105-F1 (105 mm)}}

The main armament of the {{PAGENAME}} is the 105 mm CN-105-F1 cannon, which is very similar to the likes of the [[L7A3 (105 mm)|105 mm L7A3]]. The gun takes about 6.7 seconds to reload with an aced crew with max leadership and weapon reloading skill which is fairly standard among its competitors. This cannon fires APFSDS, HEAT, smoke and HE. It is recommended to at most keep 23 shells in the tank when playing Realistic Battles as its ready rack can carry 22 shells and this effectively removes all of the ammunition rack in the hull behind the fuel tanks (except 4 shells around the turret ring). It is recommended to take a loadout of mostly APFSDS with a few HEAT and Smoke shells just in case.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[CN-105-F1 (105 mm)|105 mm CN-105-F1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 28.6 || 39.5 || 48.0 || 53.1 || 56.5 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 17.9 || 21.0 || 25.5 || 28.2 || 30.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The main shell, the OFL 105 F1 APFSDS, is very capable of penetrating most of what it sees with a frontal shot as it has 350 mm of penetration at 0 degrees from 500 m away. The OCC 105 F1 HEATFS may be very useful against light targets such as SPAAG or light tanks. The OFPH 105 F1 smoke shell provides extra ranged covering smoke in order to mask you or your team (possibly even blinding the enemy) in combat.

{{:CN-105-F1 (105 mm)/Ammunition|OCC 105 F1, OE 105 F1 Mle.60, OFPH 105 F1, OFL 105 F1}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 23 ''(+27)'' || 22 ''(+28)'' || 19 ''(+31)'' || 9 ''(+41)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}

Notes:

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear from the rack after having been shot or loaded.
* Racks 2 to 5 are first order ammo racks (ready racks). They total 22 shells and get filled first when loading up the tank.
* These racks are also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 5 - 4 - 3 - 2 - 1.
* To go into battle with the frontal ammo rack empty, pack 23 ''(+27)'' shells.

==== Optics and night vision ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | {{PAGENAME}} [[Optics]]
|-
! rowspan="3" |Type of optic
! rowspan="3" |Magnification
! colspan="5" |[[Night Vision Devices]]
|-
! colspan="3" |Image Intensifier
! rowspan="2" |{{Annotation|Thermal Imager Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}
! rowspan="2" |Notes
|-
! {{Annotation|Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}
! {{Annotation|Light Mult|By how much the image intensifier amplifies the existing light, primarily useful for comparing image intensifiers}}
! {{Annotation|Noise Level|How much noise is present in the image (how grainy the image is)}}
|-
! Gunner's Sight
| X8.0 - X12 || - || - || - || 500 x 300 || -
|-
! Commander's View
| X6 || 1600 x 1200 || 9.0 || High || Not Fitted || -
|-
! Driver's View
| X1 || 800 x 600 || 5.0 || High || Not Fitted || -
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

The AMX-30 Super is armed with a coaxial 12.7 mm (.50 cal) inside its turret right beside the cannon and a lighter 7.62 mm (.30 cal) mounted on the roof near the commander's hatch. Although ditching the 20 mm typically found on other AMX-30s, the machine guns equipped can still deal fair damage to very lightly armoured vehicles.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 800 (200) || 577 || 0°/+20° || N/A
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 3,000 (200) || 1,200 || -10°/+45° || ±120°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great mobility
* Has stabilizer so it can shoot on the move unlike other AMX-30s
* Good survivability due to crew placement, as such it is difficult to knock it out with a single shot
* Has access to a variety of ammunition rounds

'''Cons:'''

* Commander's turret machine gun found on the French AMX-30s is replaced with MG3A1 which cannot deal very well with air targets
* The armour is still easily penetrated by other nations tank at the rank
* Most of the times, the shots that penetrate the tank will take out the engine
* Missing commander optics and commander fire control compared to other AMX-30s

== History ==

During the second half of the 80s, a group of companies in West Germany developed an extensive program to modernize certain outdated tanks, including the French AMX-30B. A number of improvements were made to the French tank in order to enhance its firepower, increase its dynamic characteristics, and (optionally) enhance its armour to a certain extent.

The tank's firing potential was improved thanks to the installation of a MOLF fire control system with a stabilized sight and a stabilizer for the main gun. The tank's mobility was enhanced with a new 850-horsepower diesel engine, a German automatic transmission, and new torsion bars and hydraulic shock absorbers. The new tank was demonstrated to the public under the name "Super AMX-30" during testing in Saudi Arabia, but no buyers were found for the upgraded French tank, and only one Super AMX-30 was ever made.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6198-development-super-amx-30-the-stabilizer-is-ready-to-go-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fr_amx_30_super Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|wJkQW4kSJjM|'''French MBTs''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:21 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|4p41pBTwDEw|'''Premium Vehicles: {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''|PG8G07cq0iY|'''The Shooting Range #153''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:35 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|Z5w_0_bYYrM|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[AMX-30 (Family)]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Leopard A1A1]]
* [[Type 74]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6198-development-super-amx-30-the-stabilizer-is-ready-to-go-en|[Devblog] Super AMX-30: The Stabilizer Is Ready to Go!]]

{{TankManufacturer AMX}}
{{France medium tanks}}
{{France premium ground vehicles}}

Centurion Mk.5 AVRE

2024-02-19T21:21:10Z

U105837429: /* Description */ 23 - 24?

{{About
|about= British medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage= other variants
|link= Centurion (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_centurion_mk_5_avre_era
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_001.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_002.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_004.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Centurion Mk.5 Armoured Vehicle Royal Engineers was designed for clearing minefields using a Giant Viper towed mine-clearance system, destroying fortified positions with its 165 mm L9A1 demolition gun capable of firing 60 lb (29 kg) HESH rounds, and overall providing cover and safe working space for the engineers. The AVRE was also equipped with a dozer blade for clearing up debris. In preparation for Operation Desert Storm in 1991, Centurion AVREs were uparmoured and remained in service until replaced by the Chieftain AVRE and Trojan vehicles in service.

Introduced in [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] as a premium pack, the Centurion AVRE is one of the two vehicles utilizing the 165 mm L9A1 demolition gun (along with the American [[M728 CEV]]). The AVRE features standard Centurion series armour protection which is enhanced against chemical and kinetic rounds using ROMOR-A ERA plates on the turret and upper front plate of the hull. The ERA enhances protection against kinetic rounds by 30 mm and against chemical rounds by 300 mm. The AVRE performs much better in urban environments, as the very low muzzle velocity of the gun and quite poor mobility can cause issues on very large and open maps.

The Centurion Mk.5 AVRE was removed from purchase on the store after the [[wt:en/news/8677-shop-the-new-year-sale-in-the-gaijinnet-store-en|2023 New Year Sale]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


Overall, the armour on the AVRE is similar to that on the [[Centurion Mk 3|Centurion Mk 3]] gun tank with three major differences: ROMOR-A ERA, composite side skirts and a dozer blade.

The ERA provides additional protection (300 mm HEAT, 30 mm KE) on key areas of the tank, namely the turret face and upper glacis plate, but this has little impact against most opponents in RB, due to the majority of shells at rank IV being of the kinetic energy (KE) variety. In AB, it may protect against the light tanks, for example, it reduces the efficiency of the [[BMP-1]]'s main gun, which is also quite dangerous with aim assist when used as a follow-up for ATGMs. Unfortunately, the turret ERA will often fail to stop upgraded modern ATGMs with 700 mm of penetration. ERA also changes the visible profile of the turret, obscuring the weak points beneath the standard Centurion turret.

The composite side skirts provide a significant increase in protection against small calibre HEAT and autocannon fire, increasing it to the point where such rounds can no longer penetrate the side armour. They do not change the effect of medium tank rounds, as the additional protection simply isn't enough to stop them. They also do not cover the entirety of the sides, so they can be circumvented.

The dozer blade may seem unimportant at first glance as it consists of 70 mm of structural steel, not RHA, but this is not the case. The blade acts as spaced armour against most rounds aimed at the hull, adding around 60 mm against KE and 200 mm against HEAT. This can also be added to by the ERA on the front plate, overall providing greater than 400 mm of protection against HEAT rounds.

The dozer blade can also be used to easily create trenches with soft ground, which will initially conceal some of the hull and, with some time and effort given, completely shield it. It's also technically possible to dig walls and holes to force enemies to abandon their defences in order to pass through a corridor - not every tank can reverse back into a slope, and it is impossible to just peek around a corner, if every corner is also a trench; but such setups take a lot of time and it's impossible to dig into asphalt.

Overall, additions make the tank strong against tankers overzealously relying on HEAT and HEATFS to solve all of their problems.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,007|rbMinHp=575}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|ORD BL 6.5in L9A1 (165 mm)}}

The main weapon is a howitzer loaded with HESH. The shells are launched with very low muzzle velocity, which makes them difficult to aim in RB, and to aim past 800 m user has to [[Optics#Work-around_methods_for_improper_zoom_levels_and_scopes|manually adjust the scope]], as otherwise it is impossible to see the target.

At close range the gun can be easily used to annihilate or severely cripple any tank. It is still recommended to aim at least for one second before firing, as HESH is only capable of penetrating one layer of armour, and will do no damage if it hits side skirts or some irrelevant add-ons on top of the hull.

Although the gun is difficult to aim, the shells are launched upwards and therefore can be fired over hills straight into enemy roof. This, coupled with penetration statistics close to the [[FV4005]], make the AVRE near godlike in AB, as it is possible for this tank to bombard enemies straight in their cover, knowing where they are and the exact range towards them.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[ORD BL 6.5in L9A1 (165 mm)|165 mm ORD BL 6.5in L9A1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 53 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+18° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A ||19.0||26.4||32.0||35.4||37.6|| rowspan="2" |27.7|| rowspan="2" |24.5|| rowspan="2" |22.6|| rowspan="2" |21.3
|-
! ''Realistic''
|11.9||14.0||17.0||18.8||20.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:ORD BL 6.5in L9A1 (165 mm)/Ammunition|L33A1}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''53''' || 50 ''(+3)'' || 36 ''(+17)'' || 22 ''(+31)'' || 8 ''(+45)'' || 1 ''(+52)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Bottom racks 2 to 4 deplete from left to right.
* Packing 22 ''(+31)'' shells (racks 1 to 3 emptied) is a good compromise to have enough shells in combat while minimizing the number of shells onboard.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|L3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,250 (250) || 500 || -10°/+80° || ±180°
|-
| Coaxial || 3,250 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The Centurion Mk.5 AVRE, despite the additional armour, is still essentially a Centurion in terms of survivability and mobility. The tank must be driven carefully to take full advantage of the environment and avoid being shot until it is able to close in to the enemy and take full advantage of its 165 mm gun. Its relatively low speed for a medium tank is not ideal with flanking, so simply getting into a safe position and ambushing unaware enemy tanks often leads to success. Your long reload speeds and lack of stabilizer limits your ability to advance and fire at the same time, and so coupled with your relatively weak armour means you should only advance when the area is clear, so that you can move to a new ambush position. A Mk.5 AVRE that ambushes a lone enemy will almost always win, assuming your first shot connects.

While the rangefinder can be used in conjunction with gun-sight range adjustment, the tank will struggle in medium to long distant combat, as the HESH shells lack any semblance of accuracy past around 400 m, with shells arcing such that shell placement becomes quite difficult along with shell travel time becoming increasingly high. However, against a completely static target and with good rangefinding crew skill, it is not impossible to land a direct hit up to 800 m. However, if you miss, your long reload speed means you may completely miss your chance at destroying your target, which can easily manoeuvre away without threat of damage, or simply return fire freely.

The tank is best played as a support tank in conjunction with the rest of your team. Becoming isolated while playing the Mk.5 AVRE is extremely dangerous, as your long reload speed, low speed, and weak armour means that you cannot withstand an attack by anything more than a single tank. If you fire at an enemy tank and are then caught by another tank, you are most likely done for. Additionally, failing to instantly destroy a target with your first shot is also extremely dangerous, whether you missed or have damaged an enemy. In that situation, you will want an allied tank to cripple the enemy or finish them off until you are able to either reload or retreat with your two smoke grenade barrages. The extra crew member over the other Centurion models may allow you to survive an extra shot, but an isolated Mk.5 AVRE is a dead Mk.5 AVRE. At the same time, the Mk. 5 AVRE's ability to help teammates repair increases its usefulness as a support tank.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Has a powerful 165 mm gun that fires shells with the explosive mass of 15.87 kg, equal to 20.31k g TNT, one hit can always deal serious damage to the enemy vehicles
* Low muzzle velocity can allow the trajectory to hit some enemies hiding behind the slope, especially in AB
* ROMOR-A ERA equivalent protection against 30 mm kinetic energy munitions and 300 mm chemical energy munitions allow the tank to sustain HEAT shots
* The dozer blade in front it can provide additional utility, especially to protect the lower glacis
* Composite side skirts help to survive light tank ambushes, very useful in the close range combat, especially in urban warfare
* Acceptable reload time, especially when compared to the [[FV4005]]
* Good reverse speed
* Smoke grenade can be released twice
* A five-man crew, unlike other Centurion designs

'''Cons:'''

* Terrible muzzle velocity makes this vehicle not very useful in spaced area, especially in RB
* Low top speed
* Centurion is a large tank = larger target
* Side armour is still very weak and won't stop medium tanks
* Based on Centurion Mk 5, which is similar as the Centurion Mk 3, so it has the similar weak spots as the Centurion Mk 3 (like the turret ring, which is extremely difficult, but not impossible to hit)
* Top of the engine deck can be easily penetrated by planes
* HESH is inherently unreliable, a hit to a wrong spot on a certain enemy tank chassis or armour may do no damage at all despite the shell's potential, while a close miss might annihilate the enemy tank regardless

== History ==

{{main|Centurion_Mk_1#History|l1=History of the Centurion Mk 1}}

In the 1960s, the British army felt the need for a modern multi-functional engineering vehicle. They chose the Centurion Mk 5 main battle tank base to replace the outdated engineering tank, which used a Churchill chassis. Since the engineering vehicle's tasks were rather specific, the Centurion chassis was given special equipment: the tank received a bulldozer scoop, a device was mounted above the scoop for laying fascines, the altered rear armour plate was equipped with a tow hitch, and a seat was installed next to the driver's seat for a new, fifth crew member – a navigator. The engineering vehicle, which was called the Centurion AVRE (abbreviated from Armoured Vehicle Royal Engineers) was designed to carry a special engineering gun capable of destroying fortifications, pillboxes and other fortified defensive positions. That gun was the short-barreled L9, a 165 mm calibre cannon with low recoil. The vehicle received an ammunition complement of 53 shots with high-explosive squash head (HESH) shells with huge destructive force – each charge contained almost 16 kg of explosives. The Centurion AVRE became the standard engineering vehicle for the British Army and participated in several armed conflicts, including the 1991 Gulf War. In the 1980s, Centurions AVRE were modernized, receiving additional armour including ROMOR reactive armour - this modification was used in operation "Desert Storm". The vehicle was retired in 1993.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5513-development-centurion-avre-engineer-at-war-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_centurion_mk_5_avre_era Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|wPPrE_VduOI|'''The Shooting Range #263''' - ''Round Study'' section at 07:30 discusses how to penetrate the {{PAGENAME}}.|_xCgMBOiA8U|'''High-explosive power''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 2:37 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|cDGBk2JKjMY|'''Premium Vehicles: Centurion Mk.5 AVRE''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''|d5zH9DCJIy8|'''Centurion Mk.5 AVRE - Really Odd Fun''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[Centurion (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5513-development-centurion-avre-engineer-at-war-en|[Devblog] Centurion AVRE: Engineer at War]]
* [[wikipedia:Centurion (tank)|[Wikipedia] Centurion]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar-uk-fv4003-centurion-avre/ <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> FV4003 Centurion AVRE]

{{TankManufacturer Department of Tank Design}}
{{Britain medium tanks}}
{{Britain premium ground vehicles}}

Dupleix

2024-02-19T21:20:15Z

U105837429: /* Description */

{{Specs-Card
|code=fr_cruiser_suffren_class_dupleix
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} French heavy cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "La Royale"]] but was removed from the Gaijin store after the [[wt:en/news/8677-shop-the-new-year-sale-in-the-gaijinnet-store-en|2023 New Year sale]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|203 mm/50 model 1924 (203 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

{{:203 mm/50 model 1924 (203 mm)/Ammunition|203 mm OEA Mle 1927 HE, 203 mm OPF Mle 1927 SAPBC}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|90 mm/50 model 1926 (90 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

{{:90 mm/50 model 1926 (90 mm)/Ammunition|90 mm OEA Mle 1925 HE, 90 mm OEA Mle 1925 HE-TF}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|37 mm/50 model 1925 (37 mm)|Model 1929 Hotchkiss (13.2 mm)|Browning (13.2 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Model 1923DT (550 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

=== Scout plane ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Plane}}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fr_cruiser_suffren_class_dupleix Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8392-development-the-french-naval-cbt-is-over-meet-the-new-heavy-cruiser-dupleix-en|[Devblog] The French naval CBT is over! Meet the new heavy cruiser; Dupleix]]

{{ShipManufacturer Arsenal de Brest}}
{{France heavy cruisers}}
{{France premium ships}}

AMX-30 Super

2024-02-19T21:19:43Z

U105837429: /* Description */ store removal

{{About
|about=premium French medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage=other versions
|link=AMX-30 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=fr_amx_30_super
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''AMX-30 Super''' is the third upgraded subvariant of the [[AMX-30 (1972)|AMX-30B]], which is the second variant of the [[AMX-30 (Family)|AMX-30 main battle tank family]]. A consortium of West German companies designed the AMX-30 Super modernisation package for the AMX-30B (Model 1972) in the late 1980s. AEG, Krupp Atlas Elektronik, MTU, Wegmann & Co., Diehl, ZF Friedrichshafen, and GLS formed the consortium. The power packs were upgraded with a new MTU MB833 Ka501 diesel engine with 850 horsepower, a ZF LSG-3000 automatic transmission, a new engine cooling system, and a fuel capacity increase to 1,028 litres. Upgraded torsion bars, hydraulic shock absorbers, new somewhat wider road wheels, and Diehl Type 234 tracks are also part of the mobility upgrade. The fire control systems have been upgraded with Krupp Atlas Elektronik's MOLF-30 modular laser FCS, a two-plane fully automatic stabilization system, and modern gunner thermal imaging equipment. Additional turret armour is also available per buyer request. A single prototype was created, publicly displayed, and tested in Saudi Arabia. The upgrade was unable to find a customer.

Introduced in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]] as a [[wt:en/news/6198-development-super-amx-30-the-stabilizer-is-ready-to-go-en|premium pack]], the AMX-30 Super is the third and final upgrade of the base variant AMX-30B. The AMX-30 Super is equipped with a much-needed two-plane fully automatic stabilization system. Players can now take part in urban fights and lead assaults, which were previously impossible in practically all older variants of the AMX-30 main battle tanks. The familiar coaxial armament, the dual-purpose 20 mm GIAT M693 autocannon, has been removed, and the original M2HB Browning heavy machine gun has replaced it.
It was removed from the Gaijin store after the [[wt:en/news/8677-shop-the-new-year-sale-in-the-gaijinnet-store-en|2023 New Year sale]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


The armour protection, as common in many European MBTs such as the [[Leopard I]], isn't enough to stop anything apart from heavy machine guns and 30 mm shells (although the sides and the rear are vulnerable even to 20 mm autocannon such as those on the [[AMX-30]] and [[MBT-70]]), but sometimes the angles of the hull will bounce some shells. The turret is not great as most shells will penetrate it, often killing the gunner and detonating the ammunition in the rear of the turret. Unlike the Leopard I, the {{PAGENAME}} is capable of carrying enough ammunition in the turret to fight, leaving the hull relatively safe, but this comes with a price: whenever the tank is hit in the turret, there's a high chance that the ammunition will catch fire.

The fuel tank in the hull can stop some heat shells, but it's not something to rely on. Given the high mobility of the tank and the two-plane stabilizer, the vehicle gives his best when moving fast and hitting the enemy from the distance.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,317|rbMinHp=752}}

The {{PAGENAME}} is fast and nimble. Its engine gives a specific power of 1,622 hp in AB and 850 hp in RB/SB. With a power-to-ton ratio of 23.2 hp/ton in RB/SB and 44.4 hp/ton in AB, this tank can certainly traverse the terrains smoothly. Being about 36.5 tons, this tank is relatively lighter than its competitors of similar BR. This tank can go up to 72 km/h in AB and 65 km/h in RB/SB forwards and it goes up to -30 km/h in AB and -27 km/h in RB/SB reverse.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|CN-105-F1 (105 mm)}}

The main armament of the {{PAGENAME}} is the 105 mm CN-105-F1 cannon, which is very similar to the likes of the [[L7A3 (105 mm)|105 mm L7A3]]. The gun takes about 6.7 seconds to reload with an aced crew with max leadership and weapon reloading skill which is fairly standard among its competitors. This cannon fires APFSDS, HEAT, smoke and HE. It is recommended to at most keep 23 shells in the tank when playing Realistic Battles as its ready rack can carry 22 shells and this effectively removes all of the ammunition rack in the hull behind the fuel tanks (except 4 shells around the turret ring). It is recommended to take a loadout of mostly APFSDS with a few HEAT and Smoke shells just in case.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[CN-105-F1 (105 mm)|105 mm CN-105-F1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 28.6 || 39.5 || 48.0 || 53.1 || 56.5 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 17.9 || 21.0 || 25.5 || 28.2 || 30.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The main shell, the OFL 105 F1 APFSDS, is very capable of penetrating most of what it sees with a frontal shot as it has 350 mm of penetration at 0 degrees from 500 m away. The OCC 105 F1 HEATFS may be very useful against light targets such as SPAAG or light tanks. The OFPH 105 F1 smoke shell provides extra ranged covering smoke in order to mask you or your team (possibly even blinding the enemy) in combat.

{{:CN-105-F1 (105 mm)/Ammunition|OCC 105 F1, OE 105 F1 Mle.60, OFPH 105 F1, OFL 105 F1}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 23 ''(+27)'' || 22 ''(+28)'' || 19 ''(+31)'' || 9 ''(+41)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}

Notes:

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear from the rack after having been shot or loaded.
* Racks 2 to 5 are first order ammo racks (ready racks). They total 22 shells and get filled first when loading up the tank.
* These racks are also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 5 - 4 - 3 - 2 - 1.
* To go into battle with the frontal ammo rack empty, pack 23 ''(+27)'' shells.

==== Optics and night vision ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | {{PAGENAME}} [[Optics]]
|-
! rowspan="3" |Type of optic
! rowspan="3" |Magnification
! colspan="5" |[[Night Vision Devices]]
|-
! colspan="3" |Image Intensifier
! rowspan="2" |{{Annotation|Thermal Imager Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}
! rowspan="2" |Notes
|-
! {{Annotation|Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}
! {{Annotation|Light Mult|By how much the image intensifier amplifies the existing light, primarily useful for comparing image intensifiers}}
! {{Annotation|Noise Level|How much noise is present in the image (how grainy the image is)}}
|-
! Gunner's Sight
| X8.0 - X12 || - || - || - || 500 x 300 || -
|-
! Commander's View
| X6 || 1600 x 1200 || 9.0 || High || Not Fitted || -
|-
! Driver's View
| X1 || 800 x 600 || 5.0 || High || Not Fitted || -
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

The AMX-30 Super is armed with a coaxial 12.7 mm (.50 cal) inside its turret right beside the cannon and a lighter 7.62 mm (.30 cal) mounted on the roof near the commander's hatch. Although ditching the 20 mm typically found on other AMX-30s, the machine guns equipped can still deal fair damage to very lightly armoured vehicles.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 800 (200) || 577 || 0°/+20° || N/A
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 3,000 (200) || 1,200 || -10°/+45° || ±120°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great mobility
* Has stabilizer so it can shoot on the move unlike other AMX-30s
* Good survivability due to crew placement, as such it is difficult to knock it out with a single shot
* Has access to a variety of ammunition rounds

'''Cons:'''

* Commander's turret machine gun found on the French AMX-30s is replaced with MG3A1 which cannot deal very well with air targets
* The armour is still easily penetrated by other nations tank at the rank
* Most of the times, the shots that penetrate the tank will take out the engine
* Missing commander optics and commander fire control compared to other AMX-30s

== History ==

During the second half of the 80s, a group of companies in West Germany developed an extensive program to modernize certain outdated tanks, including the French AMX-30B. A number of improvements were made to the French tank in order to enhance its firepower, increase its dynamic characteristics, and (optionally) enhance its armour to a certain extent.

The tank's firing potential was improved thanks to the installation of a MOLF fire control system with a stabilized sight and a stabilizer for the main gun. The tank's mobility was enhanced with a new 850-horsepower diesel engine, a German automatic transmission, and new torsion bars and hydraulic shock absorbers. The new tank was demonstrated to the public under the name "Super AMX-30" during testing in Saudi Arabia, but no buyers were found for the upgraded French tank, and only one Super AMX-30 was ever made.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6198-development-super-amx-30-the-stabilizer-is-ready-to-go-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fr_amx_30_super Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|wJkQW4kSJjM|'''French MBTs''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:21 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|4p41pBTwDEw|'''Premium Vehicles: {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''|PG8G07cq0iY|'''The Shooting Range #153''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:35 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|Z5w_0_bYYrM|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[AMX-30 (Family)]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Leopard A1A1]]
* [[Type 74]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6198-development-super-amx-30-the-stabilizer-is-ready-to-go-en|[Devblog] Super AMX-30: The Stabilizer Is Ready to Go!]]

{{TankManufacturer AMX}}
{{France medium tanks}}
{{France premium ground vehicles}}

Boomerang Mk II (Great Britain)

2024-02-19T13:54:38Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability update

{{About
| about = British fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Boomerang Mk I (Great Britain)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=boomerang_mkii
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} British fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27 as a premium vehicle purchasable in-game with Golden Eagles {{ge}}, but was removed from in-game sale after the [[wt:en/news/7408-news-happy-birthday-war-thunder-en|9th Anniversary Sale]]. Buying the plane required the purchase of the [[Boomerang Mk I (Great_Britain)|Boomerang Mk I]] to unlock. It has been made available for Golden Eagles {{ge}} during the [[wt:en/news/7532-special-australia-day-en|2022]], [[wt:en/news/8069-special-australia-day-en|2023]] and [[wt:en/news/8712-special-australia-day-the-boomerang-mkii-returns-discounts-and-earn-a-koala-decal-en|2024]] "Australia Day" mini-events. This variant of the Boomerang represents a version which was designed and manufactured in Australia.

Compared to the first [[Boomerang Mk I (Great Britain)|variant]], the Boomerang Mk II has the added capability of carrying bombs for better ground attack capabilities. The plane can out-turn almost any plane, save for Japanese planes. The Boomerang Mk II is lacking in the amount of ammo for the cannons. Some good tactics are to stay low to the ground, and like with all planes, keep a good eye on where each plane is, in AB stay low and "mow the yard" anything that comes close, just prepare to turn-fight them, and take them out, be cautious with your cannon ammo, as those are your only "heavy" hitting guns. Downsides to the Boomerang is that it is rather slow when compared to other aircraft of its tier. Keep in mind that low altitude fighting is its bread and butter and can easily out-turn just about everything in arcade battles and in realistic battles.

If you are going to fight the Mk II or Mk I, do not attempt to turn-fight them unless you are flying a Japanese aircraft. Instead, Boom & Zoom or catch them when they're reloading and flying off when they are a much easier target in those situations, however, if it does manage to avoid your attacks, don't stick around for long.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,100 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 472 || 456 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 23.2 || 23.9 || 12.1 || 12.1 || rowspan="2" | 273
|-
! Upgraded
| 513 || 491 || 21.4 || 22.3 || 18.3 || 14.9
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 487 || 445 || 225 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 370 || < 340 || > 323
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 38 mm Bulletproof glass - Armoured windscreen
* 12.7 mm Steel - Armoured plate behind the pilot, with 3 mm steel plate flaps around it

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano Mk.II (20 mm)|Browning (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.II cannons, wing-mounted (60 rpg = 120 total)
* 4 x 7.7 mm Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (1,000 rpg = 4,000 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|G.P. Mk.IV (250 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 250 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (500 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great turning speed
* Premium aircraft gives a boost in silver lion and research points
* Decent secondary guns, can catch enemies on fire easily with tracer bullets
* Slightly increased rate of climb
* Cannons have a wide variety of ammo options

'''Cons:'''

* Low ammo count for the 20 mm cannons
* Rather slow compared to others
* Japanese planes relying on turn ability will outmanoeuvre the Boomerang
* Engine catches fire easily

== History ==

The Boomerang Mk II is the second variant of the CAC Boomerang, a fighter aircraft developed by Australia's Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation (CAC). Designed to equip the RAAF after the start of the Second World War, it was Australia's first indigenous fighter aircraft. The Boomerang was very underpowered due to the limited choice of engines, meaning that it was considerably slower than its contemporaries. The aircraft saw limited active service during the Second World War in both frontline and secondary duties.

In the late 1930s, with both Nazi Germany and Japan both rapidly expanding their militaries, the Australian Air Force (RAAF) looked to acquire a new fighter aircraft to replace their obsolete squadrons of F2A Buffalos. Following the start of the war, the RAAF was hard-pressed for fighters: the UK, Australia's primary source for aircraft, was barely supplying enough aircraft for itself, while the USA dedicated almost all of its manufacturing capacity to producing aircraft for the USAAF and USN. As a result, Australia was forced to produce a new fighter indigenously.

The RAAF turned to the CAC, which had been formed in 1936 through the merger of several Australian aircraft companies. The CAC was already producing the Wirraway, a training and general-purpose aircraft, and so the CAC decided to create a new fighter based on the Wirraway as this could be done quickly and efficiently. The Wirraway's rear fuselage, tail and wings were mated to a new forward fuselage which housed a 1200 hp Pratt & Whitney Twin Wasp engine. This prototype configuration first flew in May 1942 and was later ordered into service as the [[Boomerang Mk I (Great Britain)|Boomerang Mark I]] (contract number CA-12) - a total of 105 Boomerang Mk Is would be built during the war.

The CAC later developed a new variant of the Boomerang, designated the CA-13: this would be known in service as the Boomerang Mk II. The Boomerang Mk II incorporated numerous minor changes, including the switch from fabric construction to duralinium and the replacement of the hydraulic weapon actuators with mechanical ones. In total, 95 Boomerang Mk IIs were built for a total of 200 Boomerangs in total, not including prototype aircraft.

In service, the Boomerang proved to be very underpowered and much slower than most comparable Allied fighters. In fact, the Boomerang never shot down a single enemy aircraft. The Boomerang proved to be more effective as a ground attack aircraft, replacing the lighter-armed Wirraway in this role: it was frequently used to drop ordnance or strafe enemy targets, or deploy smoke bombs to mark enemy targets. The Boomerang was retired soon after the war's end; three Boomerang Mk IIs still exist today alongside five Boomerang Mk Is, including a single currently-airworthy aircraft.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The CAC Boomerang was an Australian light single-seat fighter. This single-engine monoplane was based heavily on the CAC Wirraway trainer but was armed with two 20mm cannons and four 0.303 inch machine guns. The aircraft had solid handling qualities at low altitudes, but a mediocre performance at height and a poor top speed.

After the first batch of Boomerang Mk I aircraft (also known as CA-12s) was completed, a CA-13 or Mk II modification was released which incorporated some minor changes: to improve the handling of the rudders and ailerons the fabric in their construction was replaced with duralumin and a larger tailfin and rudder was developed. In addition, the wings were sheathed with plywood instead of duralumin, and the wing tips were replaced with wooden ones. The shape of the exhaust pipe was changed to the characteristic Beaufort shape. A new propeller and geared cooling fan were also fitted to boost performance, although the planned supercharger was dropped from production models due to component priority being given to Spitfires and Mustangs. Still, the Boomerang Mk II's performance was noticeably superior to that of the Mk I. 95 CA-13 Boomerang Mk.IIs were produced, with a further 49 CA-19s being manufactured with various minor modifications.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=boomerang_mkii Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|mJO2sLI_jwU|'''The Shooting Range #19''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 00:46 discusses the CAC Boomerang.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/195733-commonwealth-aircraft-corporation-boomerang-mk-i/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Commonwealth}}
{{Britain fighters}}
{{Britain premium aircraft}}

KV-2 (ZiS-6)

2024-02-19T12:55:25Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability update

{{About
|about= gift Soviet heavy tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage= other versions
|link= KV-2 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_kv_2_zis_6
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.59 "Flaming Arrows"]] as a [[wt:en/news/3698-development-new-additions-to-the-kv-2-series-en|premium pack]] but was removed from the store at the end of the [[wt:en/news/5865-special-big-war-thunder-birthday-sale-en|2018 6th Anniversary]] sale. It was available from the store for a short time during the [[wt:en/news/6488-shop-black-friday-sale-en|2019 "Black Friday"]]. It was also made available for purchase in-game with Golden Eagles ({{GE}}) during the [[wt:en/news/7054-event-defender-of-the-fatherland-en|2021 "Defender of the Fatherland"]], and the [[wt:en/news/6368-special-tankers-day-celebrate-with-us-en|2019]], [[wt:ru/news/15896-akciya-s-dnyom-tankista-ru|2022]], and [[wt:en/news/8456-special-the-kv-2-zis-6-and-a-decoration-for-tanker-s-day-en|2023]] "Tankers' Day" mini-events and finally returned as a permanent ({{GE}}) fixture on the [[wt:en/news/7054-event-defender-of-the-fatherland-en|2024 "Anniversary of lifting the Siege of Leningrad"]].

This tank is a spiritual successor of the original KV-2 in combat operations. Despite its high crew count of 6, the rate of fire is relatively slow; it is however faster than the howitzer-equipped KV-2s, with a higher velocity and flatter trajectory. It does share the same unfortunately slow turret traverse, reverse, acceleration, and heavy weight.

Operational and visual characteristics of the KV-2 (ZiS-6) retain the visual and operational similarities to the KV-2 which it is upgraded from. Players experienced in operating previous models of the KV-2 or Soviet SPGs should have little to no difficulty in adjusting to this vehicle. The ZiS-6 can be distinguished from its KV and KV-2 predecessors by its enlarged and tall rectangular turret and longer barrel. A quick glance at this vehicle may be mistaken for similar looking tanks such as the KV-2 in which shares the same turret shape.

The KV-2 (ZiS-6)'s closest and most popular competitor of the same battle-rating is the [[KV-85]]. The KV-85 when compared, is free to unlock with currency spending, is lighter in weight, more manoeuvrable, faster in fire rate and turret traverse at the expense of fewer crew members. What the ZiS-6 lacks in these qualities may be compensated by its firepower comparable to a "mini-[[IS-2]]" as well as the added Premium talisman RP and SL increase bonus of which the KV-85 will lack on the get-go. These detail and information should be considered by the interested user when deciding whether to purchase this tank and incorporating it into their existing arsenal, or when taking into battle. The KV-2 (ZiS-6) will reward those who are patient, and is a boon to those seeking increased premium firepower unmatched by any other USSR vehicle at its rank.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Despite its significantly powerful armament, the KV-2 (ZiS-6) is plagued by many of the same weaknesses as all of the the KV lineage. At its battle rating, the tank's armour will be of little protection against other hostile vehicles it will face. With just 75 mm armour all around and including the largely flat and exposed turret, almost all tanks the ZiS-6 will face - a significant number of which have double the penetration value of the thickness of the KV's armour - will penetrate with little to no difficulty. This will more than likely cripple the crew to the point the rate of fire is reduced to virtually a standstill. Besides, tightly packed ammunition both within and at the base of the turret will turn the entire vehicle into an erupting volcano upon ammo rack detonation.

The armour protection of the KV-2 (ZiS-6) is really not great at its BR. The hull front and sides largely consist of 75 mm thick armour plates, which allow the player to angle the hull and increase its effective thickness to ~90-110 mm. However this is still penetrable by common opponents, such as [[Tiger H1]], [[M4A2 (76) W]], [[Chi-Nu (Family)|Chi-Nu]], etc. The biggest and most noticeable weakspot of this KV-2 is of course the huge and flat turret. Protected by 75 mm unsloped armour all round, the turret usually fails to resist incoming shells regardless of whether the player angles it or not. While the original KV-2 has a large bulge on the gun mantlet that can bounce/absorb shells, the KV-2 (ZiS-6) does not. The huge gun mantlet only has the gun barrel sticking out, making it even easier to penetrate. The only advantage brought by this all-round protection is probably that the KV-2 is immune to almost all SPAA (eg. [[Wirbelwind]], [[M19]]) or, when angling, low tier tanks. Opponents who deliberately bring low tier tanks (eg. [[M22]], [[Ho-Ro]]) into this BR will have a hard time trying to penetrate a KV-2 (ZiS-6). The roof armour is between 30-35 mm which can effectively block .50 cal AP bullets, commonly used by Allied planes like P-47D and P-51. However, some aircraft have the ability to penetrate this 30 mm of armour even from far away, for example the Do 335 B-2 whose MK 103 penetrate ~60 mm at ~600 m.

Thanks to the spacious interior and an abundance of crew (6), the KV-2 (ZiS-6) can usually survive a few penetrations in the turret or even in the hull. However as soon as spare crews run out, the KV-2 will once again be very vulnerable.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope Angle°) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 75 mm (31°) ''Front plate'' 70 mm (71°) ''Front glacis'' 75 mm (25-74°) ''Lower glacis'' 45 mm (1-50°) ''Machine gun port'' || 75 mm || 60 mm (3-86°) ''Top'' 70 mm (11-58°) ''Bottom'' || 35 mm ''Front'' 30 mm ''Rear'' 35 mm ''Hatches''
|-
| Turret || 75 mm (1°) ''Front turret'' 70 + 70 mm (1-62°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 75 mm || 75 mm (1°) 45 mm (1-50°) ''Machine gun port'' || 30 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick, torsion bars are 20 mm thick, and tracks are 30 mm thick.
* Front belly armour is 35 mm thick, rear belly armour is 30 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 775|rbMinHp= 531}}

As a KV-2 heavy tank, the {{PAGENAME}} has a slow top speed and HP ratio. However, the acceleration on the {{PAGENAME}} is pretty good: the top speed is reached within seconds on flat terrain, even off-road. Its slow speed won't let you reach the frontline quickly but its good cannon combined with its tall profile and average armour rather call for a playstyle at a good distance from the enemy. The reverse speed is average: it won't let you retreat quickly but isn't a handicap either. The lack of neutral steering makes turning on the spot slow (2 km/h): make sure to build a little speed before turning to increase it (4 km/h). The tracks are quite large and grant you a decent mobility on hard (solid ground, roads) and soft terrain (mud, snow, sand). The {{PAGENAME}} reaches 16 km/h when fording, it struggles at a meagre 4 km/h when climbing uphill from idling and 12 km/h uphill with some speed built-up. Due to its weight, the tank's mobility is unhindered by obstacles. The {{PAGENAME}} also brakes quickly and without skidding although it is a heavy tank.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|ZIS-6 (107 mm)}}
The KV-2 (ZiS-6) is a heavy artillery tank. It is an experimental up-gunned variant of the [[KV-1 (Family)|KV-1]] and [[KV-2 (Family)|KV-2]] models. It was built with an emphasis of destroying fortifications, bunkers, and enemy armoured vehicles, and featured the new 107 mm ZiS-6 cannon. While this vehicle has the same armour as the KV-1 and KV-2, this vehicle is notable for having a more powerful cannon; although smaller in calibre to the other KV-2 variants, the ZiS-6 has much higher armour penetration values. This tank will obliterate all enemy vehicles upon penetration with the exception of some lightly-armoured vehicles on which the contact fuse may fail to detonate.

The 107 mm ZiS-6 cannon, like many Soviet high-calibre cannons, has a few great strengths and some glaring weaknesses. In terms of ballistics, a close comparison in penetration would be the [[KwK36 (88 mm)|88 mm KwK36 cannon]] found on the [[Tiger I (Family)|Tiger I]], but the ZiS-6 has considerably more HE filler. The gun is fairly accurate out to one kilometre, but does suffer an occasional flyer.

As with most large-bore Soviet cannons, the biggest weakness is the long reload - almost 22 seconds with an untrained crew, and not much faster than 17 seconds with an Aced crew. The turret that the ZiS-6 is housed in offers no advantageous features - it is still in essence the same slow-traversing KV-2 turret found on the 152 mm models found at a lower BR. This means that the armour leaves much to be desired at the BR, and that the limited vertical guidance (particularly depression) will leave the ZiS-6 compromised in hilly terrain.

Due to the turret's slow traverse, limited vertical guidance, and the gun's very long reload, the KV-2 ZiS-6 is best used from longer ranges where it can utilize hard cover.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[ZIS-6 (107 mm)|107 mm ZIS-6]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 36 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+12° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 4.9 || 6.7 || 8.2 || 9.0 || 9.6 || rowspan="2" | 21.71 || rowspan="2" | 19.21 || rowspan="2" | 17.70 || rowspan="2" | 16.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 3.6 || 4.2 || 5.1 || 5.6 || 6.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The ammunition choice is limited but sufficient:

* '''B-420''': APHEBC - A capped armour-piercing shell with a ballistic cap that has relatively high penetration power and explosive filler. It will destroy any armoured target it penetrates.
* '''OF-420''': HE; useful for destroying open and lightly armoured vehicles.

{{:ZIS-6 (107 mm)/Ammunition|B-420, OF-420}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo part
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''36''' || ''Projectiles'' ''Propellants'' || 34 ''(+2)'' 33 ''(+3)'' || 31 ''(+5)'' 18 ''(+18)'' || 16 ''(+20)'' 12 ''(+24)'' || 12 ''(+24)'' 7 ''(+29)'' || 6 ''(+30)'' 4 ''(+32)'' || 1 ''(+35)'' 1 ''(+35)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* The {{PAGENAME}} uses two-piece ammunition, composed of projectiles (yellow) and propellant bags (orange). Both have separate racks.
* Projectiles and propellant charges are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Turret left side empty: 18 ''(+18)''

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|DT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[DT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm DT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,087 (63) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

At its rank and battle rating, the KV-2 (ZiS-6)'s armour is no longer up to par against newer and more powerful weapon systems of opposition vehicles it will face. Although unlike the [[IS-1]] successor of which is unable to protect itself by angling due to the rounded turret mount causing a vulnerability, the KV-2 has less of this issue as the entire front potion of the front and lower-plate is designed to be straight and rectangular and allowing it to deflect or ricochet some shots when angled optimally but the large turret is extreme exposed and vulnerable to head-on fire.

Due to its unsatisfactory manoeuvrability, rate of fire and traverse speed, close-quarters engagements against multiple enemies in small-spaced environments are highly discouraged unless absolutely necessary. The tank is too large and slow to escape or retreat from what would be overwhelming situations, and too large to hide. Should the need to enter tight alleyways and streets if towns or cities, escort either by or with other friendly units are of utmost importance and should best serve in a support capacity should more heavily armoured opponents are encountered. This tank excels best at long to medium range engagements on largely open areas. Due to its poor -5 degrees of gun depression - a trait inherited by all USSR armoured vehicles, engaging hostiles by cresting over the tops of hills are highly discouraged unless absolutely necessary. Should clusters of multiple hostile vehicles are encountered in combat, the optimal tactic is to wait for them to split up before engaging them one-by-one if the opportunity presents itself.

Lightly armoured vehicles where the contact fuse may not activate upon penetration such as the [[Waffentrager]] or [[Nashorn]] are of the most concern as the default B-420 APHE shell has the tendency of penetrating from the front to rear dealing less damage than what is expected. Follow up shots may be required. Although the HE OF-420 shell is an excellent solution, the 16 .7 to 21.51 seconds of shell swap may not warrant enough justification for use when few seconds are only available to determines survival.

Another class of vehicles of significant threat are fast-tanks such as the [[M18 GMC]] or [[T-34 (Family)|T-34]] tanks capable of running circles in ways the KV-2 (ZiS-6)'s slow turret traverse rate and poor manoeuvrability will be unable to cope in close-quarters engagements. The last type of vehicle of concern are low-chassis tanks such as the [[ASU-57]], [[ASU-85]], [[PT-76B]] and even some German tank-destroyers are so small to the point they safely drive up to the vicinity of KV-2 and be immune from retaliation due to the 107 mm gun situated on a high turret and only -5° degrees of elevation down and 15° up

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent firepower
* Greatly improved reload speed over previous KV-2 models
* High crew capacity (6 crew members)
* High velocity and powerful munition
* Premium talisman with RP and SL increase bonus

'''Cons:'''

* Reload time is still very long
* Insufficient armour protection
* Poor gun depression of -5° (common trait of all USSR tanks)
* Large profile
* Poor manoeuvrability and slow speed
* High weight
* High risk of internal ammunition explosions by penetrating shells

== History ==

In the late 1930s, the Soviet Directorate of Artillery, a part of the Soviet Ministry of Defense, issued a directive to design and build larger field artillery. By late 1937, going into 1938, proposals included both 95 mm calibre and 107 mm calibre. In the early 1940s, the Soviets had incorrectly received reports of up-armoured German tanks, leading them to question if their current 45 mm and 76 mm cannons were sufficient to combat the new German tanks. In response, the Soviets eventually drew up plans for the KV-4, to be armed with a ZiS-6 107 mm cannon. The 107 mm cannon passed factory tests in early 1941, and by mid 1941, had been mounted into the turret of a KV-2 for further testing and analysis. It was through this testing that the KV-2 with ZiS-6 cannon came into existence, as we see it in War Thunder.

Several hundred 107 mm ZiS-6 guns were created in anticipation of being fitted to the KV-4 and KV-5 heavy tanks. When the KV-4 was dropped in favour of the KV-5 (also to be armed with ZiS-6), and the KV-5 subsequently dropped due to the siege of Leningrad, all of the ZiS-6 guns were destroyed and scrapped, since the heavy tanks they were intended to be mounted in would never materialize.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_kv_2_zis_6 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|U1WIeQebl_E|'''KV-2 (ZiS-6) - Might be longer''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''|58HLHnOFjd0|'''KV-2 (ZiS-6)- Railgun''' - ''Oxy''}}

== See also ==


* [[KV-220]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/3698-development-new-additions-to-the-kv-2-series-en/|[Devblog] New additions to the KV-2 series]]

{{TankManufacturer Kirov}}
{{USSR heavy tanks}}
{{USSR premium ground vehicles}}

AMX-30 Super

2024-02-19T12:48:57Z

U105837429: /* Description */ introduction as a pack

{{About
|about=premium French medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage=other versions
|link=AMX-30 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=fr_amx_30_super
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''AMX-30 Super''' is the third upgraded subvariant of the [[AMX-30 (1972)|AMX-30B]], which is the second variant of the [[AMX-30 (Family)|AMX-30 main battle tank family]]. A consortium of West German companies designed the AMX-30 Super modernisation package for the AMX-30B (Model 1972) in the late 1980s. AEG, Krupp Atlas Elektronik, MTU, Wegmann & Co., Diehl, ZF Friedrichshafen, and GLS formed the consortium. The power packs were upgraded with a new MTU MB833 Ka501 diesel engine with 850 horsepower, a ZF LSG-3000 automatic transmission, a new engine cooling system, and a fuel capacity increase to 1,028 litres. Upgraded torsion bars, hydraulic shock absorbers, new somewhat wider road wheels, and Diehl Type 234 tracks are also part of the mobility upgrade. The fire control systems have been upgraded with Krupp Atlas Elektronik's MOLF-30 modular laser FCS, a two-plane fully automatic stabilization system, and modern gunner thermal imaging equipment. Additional turret armour is also available per buyer request. A single prototype was created, publicly displayed, and tested in Saudi Arabia. The upgrade was unable to find a customer.

Introduced in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]] as a [[wt:en/news/6198-development-super-amx-30-the-stabilizer-is-ready-to-go-en|premium pack]], the AMX-30 Super is the third and final upgrade of the base variant AMX-30B. The AMX-30 Super is equipped with a much-needed two-plane fully automatic stabilization system. Players can now take part in urban fights and lead assaults, which were previously impossible in practically all older variants of the AMX-30 main battle tanks. The familiar coaxial armament, the dual-purpose 20 mm GIAT M693 autocannon, has been removed, and the original M2HB Browning heavy machine gun has replaced it.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


The armour protection, as common in many European MBTs such as the [[Leopard I]], isn't enough to stop anything apart from heavy machine guns and 30 mm shells (although the sides and the rear are vulnerable even to 20 mm autocannon such as those on the [[AMX-30]] and [[MBT-70]]), but sometimes the angles of the hull will bounce some shells. The turret is not great as most shells will penetrate it, often killing the gunner and detonating the ammunition in the rear of the turret. Unlike the Leopard I, the {{PAGENAME}} is capable of carrying enough ammunition in the turret to fight, leaving the hull relatively safe, but this comes with a price: whenever the tank is hit in the turret, there's a high chance that the ammunition will catch fire.

The fuel tank in the hull can stop some heat shells, but it's not something to rely on. Given the high mobility of the tank and the two-plane stabilizer, the vehicle gives his best when moving fast and hitting the enemy from the distance.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,317|rbMinHp=752}}

The {{PAGENAME}} is fast and nimble. Its engine gives a specific power of 1,622 hp in AB and 850 hp in RB/SB. With a power-to-ton ratio of 23.2 hp/ton in RB/SB and 44.4 hp/ton in AB, this tank can certainly traverse the terrains smoothly. Being about 36.5 tons, this tank is relatively lighter than its competitors of similar BR. This tank can go up to 72 km/h in AB and 65 km/h in RB/SB forwards and it goes up to -30 km/h in AB and -27 km/h in RB/SB reverse.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|CN-105-F1 (105 mm)}}

The main armament of the {{PAGENAME}} is the 105 mm CN-105-F1 cannon, which is very similar to the likes of the [[L7A3 (105 mm)|105 mm L7A3]]. The gun takes about 6.7 seconds to reload with an aced crew with max leadership and weapon reloading skill which is fairly standard among its competitors. This cannon fires APFSDS, HEAT, smoke and HE. It is recommended to at most keep 23 shells in the tank when playing Realistic Battles as its ready rack can carry 22 shells and this effectively removes all of the ammunition rack in the hull behind the fuel tanks (except 4 shells around the turret ring). It is recommended to take a loadout of mostly APFSDS with a few HEAT and Smoke shells just in case.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[CN-105-F1 (105 mm)|105 mm CN-105-F1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 28.6 || 39.5 || 48.0 || 53.1 || 56.5 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 17.9 || 21.0 || 25.5 || 28.2 || 30.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The main shell, the OFL 105 F1 APFSDS, is very capable of penetrating most of what it sees with a frontal shot as it has 350 mm of penetration at 0 degrees from 500 m away. The OCC 105 F1 HEATFS may be very useful against light targets such as SPAAG or light tanks. The OFPH 105 F1 smoke shell provides extra ranged covering smoke in order to mask you or your team (possibly even blinding the enemy) in combat.

{{:CN-105-F1 (105 mm)/Ammunition|OCC 105 F1, OE 105 F1 Mle.60, OFPH 105 F1, OFL 105 F1}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 23 ''(+27)'' || 22 ''(+28)'' || 19 ''(+31)'' || 9 ''(+41)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}

Notes:

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear from the rack after having been shot or loaded.
* Racks 2 to 5 are first order ammo racks (ready racks). They total 22 shells and get filled first when loading up the tank.
* These racks are also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 5 - 4 - 3 - 2 - 1.
* To go into battle with the frontal ammo rack empty, pack 23 ''(+27)'' shells.

==== Optics and night vision ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | {{PAGENAME}} [[Optics]]
|-
! rowspan="3" |Type of optic
! rowspan="3" |Magnification
! colspan="5" |[[Night Vision Devices]]
|-
! colspan="3" |Image Intensifier
! rowspan="2" |{{Annotation|Thermal Imager Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}
! rowspan="2" |Notes
|-
! {{Annotation|Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}
! {{Annotation|Light Mult|By how much the image intensifier amplifies the existing light, primarily useful for comparing image intensifiers}}
! {{Annotation|Noise Level|How much noise is present in the image (how grainy the image is)}}
|-
! Gunner's Sight
| X8.0 - X12 || - || - || - || 500 x 300 || -
|-
! Commander's View
| X6 || 1600 x 1200 || 9.0 || High || Not Fitted || -
|-
! Driver's View
| X1 || 800 x 600 || 5.0 || High || Not Fitted || -
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

The AMX-30 Super is armed with a coaxial 12.7 mm (.50 cal) inside its turret right beside the cannon and a lighter 7.62 mm (.30 cal) mounted on the roof near the commander's hatch. Although ditching the 20 mm typically found on other AMX-30s, the machine guns equipped can still deal fair damage to very lightly armoured vehicles.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 800 (200) || 577 || 0°/+20° || N/A
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 3,000 (200) || 1,200 || -10°/+45° || ±120°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great mobility
* Has stabilizer so it can shoot on the move unlike other AMX-30s
* Good survivability due to crew placement, as such it is difficult to knock it out with a single shot
* Has access to a variety of ammunition rounds

'''Cons:'''

* Commander's turret machine gun found on the French AMX-30s is replaced with MG3A1 which cannot deal very well with air targets
* The armour is still easily penetrated by other nations tank at the rank
* Most of the times, the shots that penetrate the tank will take out the engine
* Missing commander optics and commander fire control compared to other AMX-30s

== History ==

During the second half of the 80s, a group of companies in West Germany developed an extensive program to modernize certain outdated tanks, including the French AMX-30B. A number of improvements were made to the French tank in order to enhance its firepower, increase its dynamic characteristics, and (optionally) enhance its armour to a certain extent.

The tank's firing potential was improved thanks to the installation of a MOLF fire control system with a stabilized sight and a stabilizer for the main gun. The tank's mobility was enhanced with a new 850-horsepower diesel engine, a German automatic transmission, and new torsion bars and hydraulic shock absorbers. The new tank was demonstrated to the public under the name "Super AMX-30" during testing in Saudi Arabia, but no buyers were found for the upgraded French tank, and only one Super AMX-30 was ever made.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6198-development-super-amx-30-the-stabilizer-is-ready-to-go-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fr_amx_30_super Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|wJkQW4kSJjM|'''French MBTs''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:21 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|4p41pBTwDEw|'''Premium Vehicles: {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''|PG8G07cq0iY|'''The Shooting Range #153''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:35 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|Z5w_0_bYYrM|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[AMX-30 (Family)]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Leopard A1A1]]
* [[Type 74]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6198-development-super-amx-30-the-stabilizer-is-ready-to-go-en|[Devblog] Super AMX-30: The Stabilizer Is Ready to Go!]]

{{TankManufacturer AMX}}
{{France medium tanks}}
{{France premium ground vehicles}}

Z25

2024-02-17T20:20:03Z

U105837429: /* Description */ armament

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_destroyer_class1936a_z25
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage2_{{PAGENAME}}.png|ArtImage3_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Hot Tracks"]] as a reward for [[Battle Pass: Season II, "Steel Centurion"]].

The Z25 replaces one of the centrally mounted 15cm main guns with an AA battery consisting of 3.7 and 2cm guns, making it a formidable anti aircraft platform. While it doesn't have the rate of fire of its brethren with [[12.8_cm/45_SK_C/34_(128_mm)|12.8 cm]] guns, the the AP rounds of the [[15_cm/48_KC/36_(150_mm)|15cm]] cannons are particularly lethal.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The Z25 offers very little additional protection except the basic hull with 16 mm of steel armour and a superstructure with 8 mm of steel armour. The gun shields on the single 15 cm mounts are 12.7 mm thick and the gun shields on the 20 mm Flakvierlings measure 8 mm of armour, therefore only offering protection from small calibre machine gun fire.

The only significantly armoured part of the ship is the twin 15 cm turret on the front, with around 30 mm of armour frontally and 20 mm on the sides, offering enough protection to resist some early destroyer rounds, thus making it last longer in bow-in engagements.

Having no additional armour means most cannon, autocannon and even machine gun equipped ships can punch through its hull, meaning this destroyer isn't any more survivable than its predecessors in terms of armour.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


{{NavalMobility}}

Due to one of the 15 cm gun were being replaced by AA mounts, the Z25 is slightly faster than the tech tree counterpart, the [[Z32]], and more comparable to [[Z22 Anton Schmitt|Z22]].

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|15 cm/48 KC/36 (150 mm)}}

The main armament of the Z25 comes in the form of 4 powerful 15 cm/48 KC/36 cannons, in 2 single mounts aft and one twin mount at the front. The large calibre of these cruiser guns result in a rather slow reload of 7.5 seconds (with ace crew) and therefore a maximum of 8 rounds per minute. This however is compensated by the large amount of explosive filler and shrapnel the shells release on impact, as well as the noticeably better muzzle velocity retention, giving a much easier time aiming at longer ranges.

The turret traverse of a mere 10°/sec for the single mounts, and 7°/sec for the twin mount encourages a more careful approach to targets at longer range, as a quick turn with the guns at close range is simply not possible.

The HE shell has a TNT equivalent of 3.91 kg and a muzzle velocity of 835 m/s, making it a great choice for medium ranges against destroyers of any kind.

The second shell type, a semi-armour piercing capped shell, has good penetration, a TNT equivalent of 3.32 kg and a muzzle velocity of 835 m/s. Furthermore, this is the only destroyer shell able to reliably threaten a large portion of cruisers at ranges of 5,000 m. An accurate player will be able to ammorack most early interwar cruisers, or at least cripple them severely.
The last shell, an explosive round with time fuse, can be used against aircraft if aimed carefully.

{{:15 cm/48 KC/36 (150 mm)/Ammunition|15 cm Spgr. L/4.5 Kz (m.Hb), 15 cm Spgr. L/4.4 Bdz (m.Hb), 15 cm Spgr. L/4.5 Zt.Z}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|FlaK-Lafette C/36 (37 mm)}}

The Z25 sacrifices one of the 15 cm cannon for extra aerial protection. Other than two twin 3.7 cm FlaK from the [[Z32]] that are placed at the place where the second 15 cm turret were once located, it also featured six single 3.7 cm FlaK mounts, four placed around the ship's second funnel and two on the aforementioned former turret mount. These have a fire rate of 30 round per minute and provide anti-ship capabilities against smaller patrol vessels and ship at close ranges with HE and AP, as well as good anti-air capabilities against low-ceiling planes.

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}
* '''37 mm HE clips:''' {{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''37 mm APT clips:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}

{{:FlaK-Lafette C/36 (37 mm)/Ammunition|HEF-I, AP-T}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|2 cm/65 C/38 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakzwilling 38 (20 mm)}}

In addition to the 37 mm guns, the Z25 also featured four extra 20 mm emplacements (sixteen in total) in the form of dual 2 cm FlaK mounts. All four of which were located in the front. The two quadmounts located in front of the bridge and between the (former) second and third main gun placement. This gives the Z25 an impressive anti-air capabilities for close range encounters, although for longer ranges, this calibre is insufficient.

Other than that, the Z25 also featured a single 2 cm/65 C/38 autocannon mount directly at the front of the first main turret, this gun is nearly identical to that of the 20 cm FlaK.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|G7a (533 mm)|WBG depth charge}}

The Z25 is equipped with basic two quadruple 533 mm G7a torpedo launchers placed at the centre of the ship. This torpedo has a speed of 81 km/h and a maximum range of 6 km. It takes 50 m to arm the torpedo. On-board is 358.4 kg TNT, which causes a significant blow. The range can be extended up to 13 km with torpedo mode modification.

== Usage in battles ==


The Z25 is essentially the [[Z32]] that sacrifices one single 15 cm turret for more secondary and AA mounts. Although it has less broadside firepower than its tech tree counterpart. It still retains its function as an excellent ship, boasting massive firepower bow-on.

Due to its non-existent armour, good muzzle velocity, slow firing and slow traversing guns, the Z25 is best used on medium or long ranges, where evasive manoeuvres can be made and enemies have a harder time hitting you. Following this, the Z25 should not be in the first line of attack, it should be played more like a support, staying further away, and making use of its longer range weaponry. When engaging at close range, the slow rate of fire becomes apparent and multiple enemies from different directions can easily overwhelm the slow reacting destroyer, in these situations a precise shot in the ammorack can do the trick and is much more reliable than with smaller calibres. Furthermore, the large calibre is capable to overcome even the anti-fragmentation armour of American destroyers without losing much of your explosive power, and therefore countering those American vessels.

Having the semi-armour piercing (SAP) shell equipped gives the Z25 another, more unique role, namely the role of a cruiser killer, being one of the few destroyers to be able to do so. Since your destroyer is the definition of a glass cannon, even more when facing cruisers, it is important to stay concealed behind islands or simply by not shooting whilst closing in to a range of around 4-6 km. A few salvoes into the sides of the cruiser where the ammo is located is usually enough for most early interwar cruiser designs like the [[USS Trenton]], the [[Krasny Kavkaz]], or the [[Köln]].

In exchange to one less main gun, Z25 is equipped with a lot of small calibre mounts (ten 37 mm secondary guns and seventeen 20 mm AA guns in total) placed all over the ship. These guns are very deadly against enemy ship at close range (as it can cripple the enemy ship by depleting their crew and occasionally set the enemy ship on fire), various PT boats, and enemy aircraft. While the AI gunners is able to reliably hit the enemy ship, smaller targets such as PT boats and occasionally aircraft may require manual aiming to destroy them. It is advised to use the HE belts for the 37 mm against these targets as it can deal a good amount of damage via fragmentation blast.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High survivability for a destroyer thanks to its large crew count
* Engine compartment is covered by fuel tanks
* Powerful 15 cm guns
* Secondary armament is effective against aircraft and small vessels
* Long range G7a torpedoes

'''Cons:'''

* Protection is still insufficient against most cruisers
* Rear turrets have limited forward elevation angles
* Unsynchronized firing rate: rear guns use ready racks but front turret does not

== History ==

=== [[wt:en/news/7066-development-battle-pass-vehicles-destroyer-type-1936a-z25-en|Devblog]] ===
The Z25 destroyer of the Type 1936A class was laid down at the beginning of 1939 and launched a year later, soon joining the 8th destroyer flotilla along with other ships of the 1936A series. The destroyer began combat operations as part of the German Baltenflotte to protect Swedish ports from the hypothetical possibility of break through by ships of the Soviet Baltic Fleet from the besieged Leningrad. Shortly thereafter, the Z25 was active in hunting for Arctic convoys in the Barents and White Seas, where it converged with Soviet and British ships. In February 1942, she took part in the famous Operation Cerberus - a daring dash from France to Germany of two German battleships and a cruiser under the cover of a destroyer group along the channel between France and England. Under constant raids by British aircraft and destroyer attacks, the Z25 not only survived, but was not significantly damaged at all. After this brilliant operation, the destroyer returned North to intercept Allied Arctic convoys. After discovering problems with the power plant, the Z25 went to Germany for repairs. From the beginning of 1944 and until the end of the war, she continued to serve in the Baltic Sea, taking part in both combat and evacuation operations.

At the end of April 1945, the destroyer Z25 was decommissioned from service and after the war was transferred to France, where it received the name "Hoche". Here she served for more than 10 years and even underwent a major modernization, but by 1957 the exploitation of the German veteran was recognized as economically unprofitable and the ship was decommissioned soon after. The destroyer was finally scrapped in 1961.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_destroyer_class1936a_z25 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="175">
File:Type 1936A WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:Type 1936A WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:Type 1936A WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:ArtImage Z25.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|9ffyPCaxp9k|'''Battle Pass Vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 02:24 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;[[Type 1936 (Family)|Related development]]
* [[Z32]]
* [[Marceau]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7066-development-battle-pass-vehicles-destroyer-type-1936a-z25-en|[Devblog] Battle Pass vehicles: Destroyer Type 1936А (Z25)]]

{{ShipManufacturer DeSchiMAG}}
{{Germany destroyers}}
{{Germany premium ships}}

BO 105 CB-2

2024-02-16T14:28:08Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability update

{{About
| about = German utility helicopter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = BO 105 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=bo_105cb2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German utility helicopter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced as a [[wt:en/news/5824-development-bo-105-attack-helicopters-en|premium pack]] in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]] and was removed from sale after the [[wt:en/news/6542-shop-the-new-year-sale-en|2019 New Year sale]]. It has since been made available for purchase with Golden Eagles {{ge}} during the [[wt:en/news/8098-special-first-flight-of-the-bo-105-en|2023]] and [[wt:en/news/8745-shop-the-bo-105-cb-2-temporarily-returns-on-the-anniversary-of-its-first-flight-en|2024]] "First Flight of the Bo 105" flash sales.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Heli-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - at sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 215 || 196 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}}
|-
! Upgraded
| 257 || 242
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Heli-Armour}}
''Examine the survivability of the helicopter. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Heli-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Heli-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="7%" | 1 !! width="7%" | 2 !! width="7%" | 3 !! width="7%" | 4 !! width="7%" | 5 !! width="7%" | 6
| rowspan="6" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[FN M3P (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm FN M3P]] machine guns (250 rpg)
| || || 1*† || 1*† || ||
|-
! [[FN M3P (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm FN M3P]] machine guns (400 rpg)
| || || 1† || 1† || ||
|-
! [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rockets
| || || 3*† || 3*† || ||
|-
! [[BGM-71C Improved TOW]] missiles
| 2, 4 † || || || || || 2, 4 †
|-
! Countermeasures
| || 30† || || || 30† ||
|-
| colspan="8" | * FFAR rockets and 250 rpg machine guns can only be equipped together † BGM-71C missiles cannot be equipped in conjunction with machine guns, rockets, or countermeasures
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
* 2 x 12.7 mm FN M3P machine guns (400 rpg = 800 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm FN M3P machine guns (250 rpg = 500 total) + 6 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 60 x countermeasures
* 60 x countermeasures + 2 x 12.7 mm FN M3P machine guns + 6 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 4 x BGM-71C Improved TOW missiles
* 8 x BGM-71C Improved TOW missiles
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==


The two main armaments that you will end up using are the 8 [[BGM-71 TOW|BGM-71]] TOWs and the 4 [[BGM-71 TOW|BGM-71]] TOWs with the FN F3P gun pod with the three FFAR Mighty Mouses. The first load out is used as an early game strike load out when there is a lack of enemy SPAA, helicopters, and planes. The second load out is used in the mid game and late game time frames when there are vehicles that can shoot you down.

When using the TOWs there are a couple of ways to play with them. The first is the standard hover behind a mountain or hill then fly up fire one or two missiles than reposition and repeat. Another way to play is similar to the [[SA.313B Alouette II (Germany)|SA.313B Alouette]] where you will put your collective between 50%-60% and angle down and as you fly over the battlefield you strike enemy tank, this strategy requires a bit of luck and knowledge of how the BGM-71 TOWs work.

Another way to play is to carry the two FN F3P gun pods with the six FFAR Mighty Mouses and use ground belts to strike lightly armoured vehicles such as the BMPs, [[Object 685]], [[Rooikat Mk.1D|Rooikat]], and [[HSTV-L]].

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Small fuselage that is harder to hit
* Very good manoeuvrability
* Highest ATGM count of the premium V era helicopters

'''Cons:'''

* Slower speed than most attack helicopters

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the helicopter in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=bo_105cb2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights=200>
File:BO 105 all WTWallpaper 001.jpg
File:BO 105 CB-2 WTWallpaper 001.jpg
File:BO 105 CB-2 WTWallpaper 002.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|CQnwZm4RfgU|'''Premium Vehicles: MBB BO 105 CB-2''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the helicopter;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5824-development-bo-105-attack-helicopters-en|[Devblog] BO 105 Attack Helicopters]]

{{AirManufacturer MBB}}
{{Germany helicopters}}

Type 74 (G)

2024-02-16T14:24:20Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability update

{{About
| about = premium Japanese medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Type 74 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_type_74_mod_g_kai
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_002.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was a service life extension program for the Type 74 initiated in 1993 to keep it in service alongside the newer [[Type 90|Type 90 MBT]]. The program involved adding a passive infrared camera, side skirts, and new electronics to the tank, as well as adjusting the rear driving wheel to prevent track detachment. Although four Type 74 (G) tanks were tested and produced satisfactory results, the cost of upgrading all Type 74s was estimated at 100 million yen. As a result, only five Type 74s were upgraded. Eventually, the Type 74s were replaced by the [[Type 16|Type 16 MCV]].

It was introduced in [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]] as a [[wt:en/news/6067-development-shop-type-74-mod-g-kai-and-pre-order-of-the-japanese-packs-en|premium pack]] but was removed from the Gaijin store after the [[wt:en/news/8046-shop-war-thunder-winter-sale-en|2022 "Winter sale"]]. It was made available temporarily for purchase in-game with Golden Eagles ({{GE}}) during the [[wt:en/news/8082-special-national-foundation-day-in-japan-en|2023 "National Foundation Day in Japan"]] mini-event and then returned permanently as a ({{GE}}) premium vehicle during the [[wt:en/news/8727-special-national-foundation-day-in-japan-rare-vehicles-temporarily-on-sale-en|2024]] one.

Compared to its tech tree counterparts, the [[Type 74 (E)]] and [[Type 74 (F)|(F)]], it has the IR floodlight replaced by a thermal imaging system and a minuscule upgrade to its protection in the addition of side skirts.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The armour on the Type 74 is nothing special and shouldn't be relied upon to survive a shot from the enemy. It is therefore better to not get hit by an enemy tank shell to begin with. Its only merit is being able to resist autocannon rounds from light tanks or IFVs, which can buy precious seconds for the {{PAGENAME}} to retaliate before the enemy gets a good shot.

With four crew members, the survivability of the {{PAGENAME}} after penetration is on-par with other tank designs from USA and Germany. The prominence of APFSDS shells at this rank combined with the thin armour of the {{PAGENAME}} can mean instances where an APFSDS penetrates the armour and goes right through with minimal shrapnel damage, and so relatively little interior damage outside of the APFSDS' direct flight path.

The special thing about this tank is its pneumatic suspension. It give you the possibility to be fully hull-down on mountains. That capacity can make the {{PAGENAME}} less visible and therefore less exposed to enemy fire.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Side skirts)
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Gun mantlet, Cupola)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 40 mm (73°) ''Front glacis - upper section'' 80 mm (64°) ''Front glacis - lower section'' 80 mm (57°) ''Lower glacis'' 50 mm ''Hull over the tracks'' 50 mm ''Driver port'' || 50 mm (44°) ''Top - front part'' 35 mm (44°) ''Top - center and rear parts'' 30 mm ''Bottom'' 10 mm ''Side skirts'' 10 mm (55°) ''Belly'' || 20 mm ''Top'' 20 mm (47°) ''Bottom'' || 25 mm
|-
| Turret || 132 mm (25°) ''Turret front'' 200 mm (40°) ''Gun mantlet - upper section'' 100 mm ''Gun mantlet - lower section'' || 132 mm (30°) ''Front half'' 67 mm (40°) ''Rear half'' || 37 mm (18°) ''Vertical part'' 40 mm (70°) ''Turret ring area'' || 67 mm (82°) ''Front'' 37 mm ''Rear''
|-
| Cupola || 80 mm (61°) || colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | 80 mm (55°) || 80 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Frontally, the driver port as well as the hull over the tracks are weak spots on the {{PAGENAME}}.
* The bottom of the hull is only 10 mm thick, making it vulnerable to powerful HE shells shot under the belly.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


The {{PAGENAME}}'s mobility is pretty decent and comparable to the [[OF-40 Mk.2A]] or [[Leopard A1A1]], but slightly slower. The {{PAGENAME}} however has a reverse speed of only -14 km/h against -25 km/h for the previously mentioned tanks.

While the {{PAGENAME}} can outspeed Soviet, British, and most American medium tanks, don't expect to be faster than a [[BMP-2|BMP]], [[TAM]], [[M3 Bradley|Bradley]], or the faster premiums like [[OF-40 (MTCA)]] or [[AMX-30 Super]].

{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 1,348|rbMinHp= 769}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|L7A3 (105 mm)}}

The gun is identical to the tech tree versions of the Type 74, a 105 mm L7A3 cannon. It possesses one of the more potent kinetic shells of the rank with its Type 93 APFSDS. Although the reload time is not as fast as other 105 mm armed tanks that can be encountered, like the [[Leopard A1A1]], [[OF-40]], and the [[AMX-30 Super]], the Type 93 APFSDS has even greater penetration power than the L44 cannon on the [[Leopard A1A1 (L/44)]].

The gun comes with a stabilizer so firing on the move with the {{PAGENAME}} is possible. The gun depression of 6 degrees is, on paper, relatively poor that doesn't allow for effective fighting from ridgelines, requiring a position that exposes the tank more to get a shot at your target. However, the pneumatic suspension can compensate for the lack of gun depression, and so it must be utilised to get the most out of the {{PAGENAME}}.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L7A3 (105 mm)|105 mm L7A3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -6°/+9° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 22.8 || 31.6 || 38.4 || 42.5 || 45.2 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The available ammunition offers a complete range to engage all types of targets:

* '''Type 91''': HEATFS; a shaped charge that can penetrate any vehicle's armour frontally. Like the APFSDS shot, increased armour thickness results in reduced amount of spalling (shrapnel) after penetration. You are able to take out enemies on any distance, since the HEAT round does not lose penetration with distance travelled - very handy on large maps. Unlike APFSDS it has one downside: given that it is a chemical round, its fuse is highly sensitive in regards to its practical application in battle. As a result, virtually anything, such as trees or even a fence, will set it off prematurely, so you cannot fire through obstructions with this kind of round. Knowledge of potential opponents vehicle layouts will be very handy to use.
* '''M735''': APFSDS; a kinetic rod with high penetration power but without explosive filler. It is capable of easily penetrating the majority of the foes it meets, but these rounds do require finesse as to their placing. Because the projectile lacks an explosive filler, the best bet is to try and either knock out the majority of the enemy tank's crew or to destroy the enemy by ammo or fuel detonation through hitting their respective storage capacities. This, of course, requires knowledge about the vehicles the {{PAGENAME}} may face - so be sure to use the game's x-ray view in the hangar and analyse potential foes for their weak spots! Also, keep in mind that with increased armour thickness the amount of shrapnel shrinks.
* '''M416''': Smoke; useful to blind enemy vehicles that are too remote for you to disable so that you can progress towards objectives.
* '''Type 93''': APFSDS; a kinetic rod with increased penetration power compared to the M735.

{{:L7A3 (105 mm)/Ammunition|Type 91, M735, M416, Type 93}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_Type_74_(C).png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 17 ''(+33)'' || 10 ''(+40)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || Yes
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Racks 2 and 3 are first stage ammo racks. They total 16 shells and get filled first when loading up the tank.
** These racks are also emptied early: the depletion order at full capacity is: 2 - 3 - 1.
** Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1-8 into rack 9. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready rack.
* The visual discrepancy concerns racks 1 and 3.
** Rack 1 has 3 shells which, while modelled in the rack, are never present (crossed out shells).
** Rack 1 is modelled as 30 shells but contains 34 shells.
** Rack 3 has a shell which remains in the rack even after having been shot.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|Type 74 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 600 (200) || 577 || -10°/+60° || -180°/+80°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 74 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Type 74]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,500 (250) || 701 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

While it's not recommended, it's still possible to use 12.7 mm to fight light tanks like [[AUBL/74 HVG]] or [[Rooikat Mk.1D]] and most SPAA tanks at <100 m range.

Do not charge them with just the MG, especially at long range, as even poorly armoured rank V light tanks can survive frontal MG fire long enough to disarm and explode the Type 74 - let them come to you, hit them with the main gun and ensure they never move again by firing at their sides or flat parts, while hiding yours.

Any melee oriented light tanks like [[BMP-2]] or [[Warrior]] with add-on armour will have enough armour to absorb the MG fire and will greet Type 74 back with point blank ATGM attack, which machine guns will be unable to stop at such range.

== Usage in battles ==


The Type 74 (G) is a classic MBT with good mobility and firepower. It's fast enough to be somewhat competitive with its peers (although low-speed acceleration and manoeuvrability are lacking, which makes urban fighting sometimes tedious), and can sometimes reach favourable early-game positions before the enemy. The Type 74 (G) is slower than the [[AMX-30 Super]], [[OF-40 (MTCA)]], and most IFVs, so watch out for those tanks in situations where mobility is required. The Type 74 (G)'s reverse speed is mediocre, so peeking an enemy in order to take a shot can be dangerous; the enemy may have time to fire back before the Type 74 (G) can retreat into cover. All in all, this tank has good mobility, but it can't be depended on in a pinch, and it certainly doesn't give the Type 74 (G) a significant advantage over the enemy.

The armour on the Type 74 is nothing special and shouldn't be relied on to survive a shot from the enemy. Any APFSDS shell can penetrate the Type 74 (G)'s armour from practically any angle. It is therefore better to not get hit by an enemy tank shell to begin with. The armour's only merit is being able to resist machine gun and autocannon rounds from light tanks or IFVs such as the [[BMP-2]], which can buy precious seconds for the {{PAGENAME}} to retaliate before the enemy gets a good shot. With four crew members, the survivability of the {{PAGENAME}} after penetration is on-par with other tank designs from the USA and Germany. The prominence of APFSDS shells in this rank combined with the thin armour of the {{PAGENAME}} can mean instances where an APFSDS shell penetrates the armour and goes right through with minimal shrapnel damage, and so relatively little interior damage outside of the APFSDS' direct flight path.

With the Type 74 (G), it is recommended to take no more than 15 shells into battle, since these first 15 shells are stored in a relatively safe compartment in the turret. With these shells, the tank is able to penetrate most enemy tanks except at very long ranges. The Type 93 APFSDS shell is one of the best at this tier, and a quick reload time lets the Type 74 (G) be a deadly weapon on the battlefield. The Type 74 (G) has a worse rotation than most Western MBTs, although it is better that that of Soviet tanks. This difference can mean the difference between life and death in situations where quick aiming is important. This tank is also able to use a pneumatic suspension system to lower or raise its hull on its suspension. This is useful when firing from behind cover. The Type 74 (G) can go fully hull-down when behind a ridgeline, and ridgeline sniping is therefore one of this vehicle's strengths. While it's not recommended, it is possible to use the tank's 12.7 mm machine gun to fight light tanks like the [[AUBL/74 HVG]].

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent mobility, enough to be competitive and reach most of your favourite positions
* Very good APFSDS shell (Type 93) - one of the best in its rank
* Good lineup with Type 89, Type 87, Type 16 and regular Type 74
* Some armour to stop autocannons from IFVs and MBTs, such as the BMP-2, XM803, MBT-70 and the French tanks with 20 mm coax guns
* Pneumatic suspension

'''Cons:'''

* Slower than for example Leopard A1A1 or OF-40, and quite a bit slower than AMX-30 Super and OF-40 MTCA
* Worse turret rotation than other western MBTs, but still better than Soviet tanks
* Mediocre reverse speed at only 16 km/h compared to the mentioned competitors
* Generally a little bit more sluggish in the steering than the other nations' MBTs
* Loud engine (especially when adjusting suspension) can reveal the tank's position

== History ==

{{main|Type_74_(E)#History|l1=History of the Type 74}}

In 1993, a program was launched to upgrade 4 Type 74 tanks to a new Type 74 Kai (mod. G) standard. The tanks were equipped with the NBC protection system of the Type 90, a passive infrared camera like the Type 90, a laser detection device linked with smoke launchers and side skirts. The program was abandoned quickly as the upgrade proved too expensive in a context of military budget reduction due to the end of the Cold War.

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=jp_type_74_mod_g_kai Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|G5JNh_dXF-4|'''Premium Vehicles: Type 74 mod G\Kai''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''|rF7B9ROJLEg|'''Type 74 (G): Slower Top Tier Experience''' - ''Napalmratte''|C1HCuRbl9lw|'''Real Sound Recording: Type 74 Edition''' - ''DMM GAMES Official Channel''|TZEt-V6V2WQ|'''JGSDF Type 74: 360° Video''' - ''DMM GAMES Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Related Development
* [[STB-1]] - (Prototype Stage)
* [[Type 74 (Family)]]
* [[Type 87]] - (SPAAG built on a modified Type 74 Hull)

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role
* [[Leopard 1 (Family)]]
** [[Leopard 1A5]]
* [[AMX-30 (Family)]]
** [[AMX-30 Super]]
* [[OF-40 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6067-development-shop-type-74-mod-g-kai-and-pre-order-of-the-japanese-packs-en|[Shop] Type 74 mod G/Kai and Pre-Order of the Japanese Packs]]

{{Japan medium tanks}}
{{Japan premium ground vehicles}}

A6M5 Ko

2024-02-16T14:18:34Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability update

{{About
| about = Japanese gift fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = A6M (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=a6m5ko
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''A6M5 mod. 52 Kō''', designated as the '''Type 0 Carrier-based Fighter Model 52A ({{Annotation|零式艦上戦闘機五二型甲|Rei Shiki Kanjō Sentōki, Go Ni Gata Kō}})''', is the first minor modification of the [[A6M5]]. The Model 52A (Kō) switches out the drum-fed [[Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|Type 99 mod.2 mark 3 (20 mm)]] for the belt-fed [[Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|Type 99 mod.2 mark 4 (20 mm)]], increasing the total ammo count to 250 rather than 200.

It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27. With all the modifications done to the A6M5 over the other [[A6M]], performance improved but faces stronger enemy aircraft which proportionally perform even better. While still unrivalled in manoeuvre dogfights capable of dodging, weaving, and out-turning the pursuer into getting on their six, staying on the six of an aircraft will be harder to maintain due to the higher top speeds all other aircraft will have over the A6M5. The {{PAGENAME}} comes with slightly more 20 mm ammo giving it more chances to attack more often. As the last main-production [[A6M]], the A6M5s in War Thunder also come with a late-war modification which allows them to be converted into {{Annotation|"bakusen"|Fighter-Bombers}}, mounting a 250 kg bomb in place of the centreline drop tank.

It was removed from the store at the end of the [[wt:en/news/8336-shop-summer-sale-in-the-gaijin-store-en|2023 Summer sale]] but was made available temporarily for purchase in-game with Golden Eagles ({{GE}}) for the [[wt:en/news/8727-special-national-foundation-day-in-japan-rare-vehicles-temporarily-on-sale-en|2024]] "National Foundation Day in Japan" mini-event.

;Nicknames

* IJN Pilot nickname: ''Reisen'' (零戦) / ''Zerosen'' (ゼロ戦) (Abbreviation of 0 - {{Annotation|戦|Fight(er aircraft)}}).
* Allied reporting name: ''Zeke / Zero''.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


As with the other A6M5 variants, the A6M5 Ko features an improved exhaust system that gives the plane more thrust and acceleration. While this does not help the Zero to catch up with any enemy fighters, it helps to retain the plane's energy rather well which will certainly be a great asset in a dogfight.

Although this variant of Zero has a good climb rate, the Zero's limited top speed and frail airframe makes it ill-suited for bomber hunting and boom-and-zoom tactics. The weak airframe also worsens the Zero's manoeuvrability when the plane reaches a speed of 600 km/h in a dive.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 521 || 503 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 16.6 || 17.2 || 13.4 || 13.4 || rowspan="2" | 190
|-
! Upgraded
| 563 || 540 || 15.8 || 16.0 || 21.4 || 16.9
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 740  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 397 || 368 || 220 || ~14 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 280 || < 420 || < 410 || > 336
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour protection
* Non-self-sealing fuel tanks

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|Type 97 navy (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 2 cannons, wing-mounted (125 rpg = 250 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Type 97 navy machine guns, nose-mounted (700 rpg = 1,400 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Navy Type 97 Number 6 (60 kg)|Navy Type Number 25 Model 2 (250 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 60 kg Navy Type 97 Number 6 bombs (120 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg Navy Type Number 25 Model 2 bomb (250 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==


The Zero is outclassed by everything it faces in terms of speed. The only thing left to hang on to is its famous manoeuvrability. More than ever, the key is to exploit its nimbleness to force the enemy to make mistakes. Every single aircraft in this battle rating is faster - the [[P-47N-15]] is both faster in a straight line and in a dive - meaning the slow {{PAGENAME}} will have limited opportunities to engage. It is not common to see enemies turn fight with a Zero, but most will break away and attempt to flee. As such, the {{PAGENAME}}'s best bet is to try and end the fight quickly with good shot placement and lead so that the A6M5 Ko can dis-engage before its target flees. During the downtime if the enemy plane continues fleeing or was shot down, start re-climbing to prepare for engaging new targets that approaches the {{PAGENAME}}.

The Zero's infamous reputation for catching fire after being shot by any incendiary rounds continue - the lack of armour is detrimental to the Zero meaning if it gets hit, it's likely going to be fatal. This means the pilot needs to do their best to dodge all shots coming the {{PAGENAME}}'s way by utilizing the Zero's incredible manoeuvrability. Remember to turn into the enemy to spoil their aim. With good shot placement, the {{PAGENAME}}'s weaponry can dispatch foes as they pass by due to the amazing turn time on the Zero. Then, it's a simple matter of getting onto their six and taking small, accurate bursts at the opponent. The {{PAGENAME}} can also frustrate its enemies by constantly evading all of their attempts to force head-ons, or the A6M5 Ko can dive down on unsuspecting pilots as the Zero still has quite a good climb rate compared to other aircraft of its battle rating.

* In Simulator, the A6M Zero is overall a great plane to fly. Its advantages include the extremely smooth handling, impressive turn rate, low stall speed, the ability to not enter spins in extreme manoeuvres, decent rear visibility, and increased cannon ammo capacity. It is able to pull really tight turns or barrel rolls without losing control or going into a spin, allowing the player to use this stability to their advantage. Its disadvantages, however, are the fragile protection, wing-mounted guns, and the cockpit scattered with frames. Although not thick, these frames can still be obstructions in a fight. Also the gunsight is small and mounted very low, resulting in inadequate visibility over the nose. This can limit the player's ability to see the target in a turn fight since to lead the target, the player must cut inside its turn, meaning the nose will now block the target. The A6M can perform dogfighting, some ground pounding and some intercepting.

* You can bring the minimum amount of fuel (29 minutes) as even this Zero has the new 20 mm guns with 125 rounds each and you won't need to restock ammo as often, it is not a huge increase and returning to the airfield to resupply will still be a common occurrence. Set the convergence to 150-300 m. When taking off, the A6M will shift severely to the left so it is best to set separate keybind for left and right brakes to counter the torque.
* For dogfighting, it is better to engage with an altitude advantage so climb to around 2,500 m. Track the opponent using lead or pure pursuit, as with lag pursuit you will eventually end up at the 6'o clock of the target aircraft whose fuselage will soak up most of your MG bullets, and your wing mounted cannons will become really awkward to aim. With the amazing stableness the aim should be easy. Target their wings or nose and avoid the back half of the fuselage as there is usually nothing in there. You can turn with most planes with your combat/takeoff flaps deployed. Note that it is best to fire in 10-round/one-second bursts to avoid wasting cannon rounds. Once the cannons are out, the leftover 7.7 mm MGs can only effectively damage single engine fighters.

* For ground pounding with bombs, look for tanks and pillboxes. First you need some separation between you and the target so you have enough time to line-up the drop. Dive at the target at a rather shallow angle, and release the 60 kg bombs when you are very close, with the target below the gunsight and filling up around half of it. For the 250 kg, drop it with the gunsight slightly more above the target. If you only use the MGs, your targets are trucks, AAA and howitzers. Dive at it and stabilise the plane so the gunsight stays overall still at the target. Then, once the target fills out around 1/6 of the gunsight, open fire. If your aim is accurate you can destroy one target in a single pass. However, it is very recommended to set keybind for firing MG only as you can definitely not waste the valuable cannon rounds. Save them for any unexpected dogfights.
* Landing is easy thanks to the low stall speed and lovely handling. Line up and approach the airstrip at treetop, decrease speed to at most 210 km/h and deploy combat, takeoff and landing flaps in order. Further decelerate so the touchdown speed is no more than 180 km/h to avoid bouncing up. Keep braking until the plane reaches a full stop, you don't have to worry about the nose dipping down and causing a propeller strike.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* P-61: this plane is one tough nut to crack. It is quite fast, packs a fatal punch, has a searching radar, and a deadly turret on top. The turret consists of 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns that cover the upper half of the plane, and most P-61 players tend to fly low or get you into their upper half to target you with the turret. Avoid being above them at all costs, utilise the Zero's manoeuvrability and sneak under their belly. Its appearance resembles a P-38: a center fuselage with two engine nacelles extending backwards and forming the twin tail like a frame, you will know it is a Black Widow and not a Lightning when red tracer bullets start shooting out from it.

* F4U, F6F, P-47, etc: these planes are a huge threat to the late Zeros as they have superior firepower, speed, dive acceleration and robust airframes. Their 12.7 mm MGs can easily tear you apart or simply pilot-snipe you even when they are far away, as the M2 Brownings have great velocity and trajectory. They can also set you aflame easily. Start a turnfight whenever you see these stubby planes. The F4U has a long cylindrical nose and the iconic inverted gull wing. The P-47 has a huge, jug-like fuselage, bubble canopy and elliptical trailing edge that usually have invasion stripes painted on them. The F6F, on the other hand, might get confused with other planes as it looks rather average.

* Late Spitfires: their turn time will come close to the A6M5. They are fast, and can boom and zoom. To avoid them, don't panic when they are spotted trying to boom and zoom. Counter by pretending that they have not been noticed, lulling them into a false sense of security. Then, just as they fire the first shots, dodge them, and head upwards and loop around to take the shot on them. The Spitfires have a streamlined nose with the iconic large, elliptical wings.
* P-51: their machine guns can do severe damage to the A6M5. However, a common tendency of novice P-51 pilots is to get into a manoeuvring fight with the A6M5. Simply dodge their attacks, do a loop to get on their tail, and take shots at the opportune moments. Even better, when beating them in a turn fight, their aircraft's top profile are fully exposed, allowing for a larger surface area to be shot up and even the cockpit to hit the pilot inside.
* Yak 3/9: their 20 mm cannons are devastating if they hit. Do not try to head on them, just dodge the attacks by looping around the bullets, get on their tail, and shoot them before they get away!

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* '''A'''6M for Carrier-based fighter:
** Strictly air-to-air role
*** Gets 2 x [[Navy Type 97 Number 6 (60 kg)|Type 97 No.6 Land Bomb (60kg)]], but strongly ill-advised for air-battles
** Decent cannon armament
** Extremely manoeuvrable
*** Excellent turn rate
*** Excellent roll rate
** Very short takeoff distance

* Common Navy plane construction:
** Decent offensive armament: [[Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|20 mm Type 99 Model 2 Cannon]]
*** Ground Targets: great for ground battles
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
:::* AP-I:
::::* Shreds soft targets, and can weaken / destroy weak top armoured tanks, especially engine decks
::::* Easily sets fire to air targets
:::* HEF(T):
::::* Tracer can help you aim on target
::::* The few rounds in the belt can still wreck havoc on enemy planes with their HE filler
</div>

::* ''Stealth'': great for air battles
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
:::* No tracers
:::* HEF:
::::* Near full HE belt
::::* Wrecks havoc on enemy planes with HE filler
:::* AP-I:
::::* Easily sets fire to air targets
</div>

:* Excellent manoeuvrability
:* Nose-mounted armament
:* Small radiator drag

* '''A6M5''' specific:
** Good climb rate
** Can mount a bomb rack for a single 250 kg bomb, still strongly ill-advised for air-battles

'''Cons:'''

* '''A'''6M for carrier-based fighter:
** Strictly air-to-air role
** Limited ammo
** Slow
** Low dive speed, and easily compressed in a dive

* Common Navy plane construction:
** Poor MG offensive armament: [[Type 97 navy (7.7 mm)|7.7 mm Type 97 MG]]
** Poor offensive armament when stock: [[Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|20 mm Type 99 Model 2 Cannon]]
*** No HE filler
*** T & FI rounds usually do nothing
** Fragile, nonexistent armour, and no self-sealing fuel tanks

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
Mitsubishi Type 0 Model 52 "Kou" (A6M5 Model 52a, reporting names: Zeke/Hamp/Zero) single-engine carrier-based fighter

In the middle of 1942, the Allies in the Pacific Ocean Theatre took the offensive, while the Japanese were more and more often on the defensive. In 1943, new types of high-speed fighters entered service with the USAAF and the USNAF, and they outperformed the Zeros in many respects. Low survivability, the main disadvantage of the Japanese aircraft, was made clear in the fierce air duels between the planes. The fighter's flight characteristics also required some improvement, and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries designers began to upgrade the A6M again in August 1943.

The Zero received a smaller-area wing (with a span of only 11 m) with rounded tips. The wing folding mechanism was removed. To increase the plane's allowable diving speed, its wing surface skin was reinforced.

Since more powerful engines were not yet available, the designers had to make the most of a Nakajima Sakae 21 engine. Every pair of cylinders was given an individual exhaust pipe instead of a common heavy exhaust manifold. This added exhaust gas thrust to the propeller thrust, which resulted in a higher aircraft speed. The fuselage skin had to be reinforced with steel sheets in the area of the pipes, since the hot exhaust gases quickly burned through thin duralumin.

The new version of the aircraft was designated Model 52 (A6M5 Model 52). The plane became slightly heavier, but its maximum speed at a height of 6,000 m reached 565 km/h. This was the speed limit for the Zero, since all further modifications made to the machine only increased its weight and, consequently, reduced its maximum speed.

The next stage in upgrading the Zero was the Model 52 "Kou" (A6M5a Model 52a). This improvement significantly reinforced the plane's armament by replacing the wing-mounted Type 99-2 Model 3 drum-fed cannons (with 100 rounds each) with Type 99-2 Model 4 belt-fed cannons (with 125 rounds). This added 25 rounds per cannon and slightly improved the plane's rate of fire. Now the fighter's armament consisted of two synchronous 7.7 mm Type 97 machine guns with 500 rounds each plus two wing-mounted 20 mm Type 99-2 Model 4 cannons with 125 rounds each.

The A6M5a fighter could carry bombs: two 60 kg (132 lb) bombs suspended under the wing and one weighing 250 kg (551 lb) under the fuselage.

In addition, the A6M5a's wing structure was reinforced yet again, which resulted in a maximum allowable diving speed of 740 km/h. However, this was still inferior to the diving speed of the American F4U fighter.

Mass production of the A6M5a variant began in March 1944. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries manufactured 391 machines. An additional unknown quantity of this variant was built by Nakajima Aircraft.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=a6m5ko Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|V_5hzA-h2eI|'''In Allied Skies - A6M5 Ko''' - ''Napalmratte''|YADf8ptP77A|'''Premium Review: A6M5 Ko [Turn & Burn Baby]''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Reggiane [[Re.2001 (Family)|Re.2001]]
* Supermarine [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]]
* Hawker [[Hurricane (Family)|Sea Hurricane]]

== External links ==


* [[Wikipedia:Mitsubishi_A6M_Zero#A6M5_Type_0_Model_52|[Wikipedia] A6M5 Type 0 Model 52]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/295065-mitsubishi-a6m5/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Mitsubishi}}
{{Japan fighters}}
{{Japan premium aircraft}}

IJN Kiyoshimo

2024-02-16T14:15:10Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability update

{{About
| about = premium Japanese destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other Yugumo-class destroyers
| link = Yugumo (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_destroyer_kiyoshimo
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (清霜, [[Abbreviations#.28JP.29_Naval|namesake]]: Clear Frost) is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced as a [[wt:en/news/6163-development-the-japanese-fleet-in-war-thunder-pre-orders-for-the-pg-02-and-kiyoshimo-en|premium pack]] in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]] and was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/6694-shop-may-sale-in-war-thunder-en|2020 May sale]]. It has since been made available temporarily for purchase in-game with Golden Eagles ({{GE}}) for the [[wt:en/news/7549-special-national-foundation-day-in-japan-en|2022 "Day of Japan"]], [[wt:en/news/8340--en|2023 "JSDF Day"]] and the [[wt:en/news/8082-special-national-foundation-day-in-japan-en|2023]] and [[wt:en/news/8727-special-national-foundation-day-in-japan-rare-vehicles-temporarily-on-sale-en|2024]] "National Foundation Day in Japan" mini-events.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


Kiyoshimo's profile is rather low compared to destroyers of other factions, mainly because of being top-heavy. This in effect gives her a better chance of avoiding enemy fire, especially at long-range engagements, even as an overall longer ship. Additionally, her survivability further is aided by having ammunition stored deep underneath the water line, which ensures survival if faced with AP shells and having torpedo turrets protected against fragmentation damage, though they are still one of the easiest components to damage on the ship.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|127 mm/50 3rd Year Type (127 mm)}}

The Kiyoshimo has six 127 mm dual purpose guns that have a high velocity and flat trajectory that enables you to easily hit targets at 10 km. With an Ace crew, you can reduce the reload rate to ~6 seconds, which enables you to win long ranged gunfights. If the Kiyoshimo is caught at close range, it is suggested to take out the enemies turrets and go for crew as these guns lack any type of AP shells.

{{:127 mm/50 3rd Year Type (127 mm)/Ammunition|127 mm Type 1 HE, 127 mm HE-TF}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|25 mm/60 Type 96 (25 mm)}}

The Kiyoshimo is armed with twenty-eight 25 mm anti-aircraft guns as its secondary armament. These are effective at close range as they can throw a lot of shells into the air, but it is recommended to stay near allied ships for air cover as the range of these guns is short.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|Type 93 (13.2 mm)}}



On top of her 28 x 25 mm anti-air arsenal, she has 4 x 13.2 mm machine guns across the ship which on their own don't offer too much firepower, and should be used in unison with 25 mm cannons to clear PTs and air targets.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Type 93 Model 3 (610 mm)|Type 95 depth charge}}

The Kiyoshimo's torpedoes are the special Type 93 Mod 3 torpedoes, the other users being the [[IJN Akizuki]] and [[IJN Shimakaze]]. It has reduced range of 15 km compared to the standard 20 km [[Type 93 Model 1, Mod 2 (610 mm)|Type 93 Model 1]]s found on other Japanese ships. While not gaining any speed advantage, it does gain an even larger warhead: ~1000 kg of TNT instead of ~600 kg. These torpedoes have a tendency to destroy anything they hit. These are especially useful in Naval EC.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good top speed
* Good manoeuvrability
* 2 quad torpedo launchers with one reload each
* Very deadly torpedoes
* 127 mm guns have good ballistics
* 28 x 25 mm AA with a lot of ammunition

'''Cons:'''

* Slow turret traverse
* Turrets tend to be taken out often
* 25 mm AA only effective at close range (max range about 3 km)
* 127 mm guns have no AP (Only HE and HE-DF)
* 127 mm guns are almost useless against air targets (due to slow traverse)

== History ==

IJN Kiyoshimo (清霜, "Clear Frost") was a ship of the [[Yugumo (Family)|Yugumo]] class built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during the Second World War. As an incremental improvement over the previous Kagero class, Kiyoshimo had an improved anti-aircraft armament. Completed in May of 1944, Kiyoshimo was present at the Battle of Leyte Gulf, and was ultimately sunk by American land-based bombers in December of that year.

=== Design ===
The Yugumo class was essentially a slightly-improved version of the preceding Kagero class of destroyers, armed with a heavier anti-aircraft armament. They displaced 2110 tons at standard load and had a crew complement of 228 officers and crew. Kiyoshimo carried a main armament of six 127 mm Type 3 guns in three dual turrets - one fore and two aft. These guns were designed with a high maximum rate of elevation to be used as dual-purpose guns, but their slow fire rate and lack of high-angle rangefinding devices severely hampered their effectiveness against aircraft.

Kiyoshimo carried a secondary armament of twenty-eight 25 mm anti-aircraft guns in fourteen single, four triple and one dual turrets. These weapons were the standard anti-aircraft guns for all Japanese warships during the Second World War. Kiyoshimo carried a torpedo armament of two quadruple 610 mm torpedo tube mounts firing the dreaded “Long Lance” torpedoes, along with four reloads. Her anti-submarine armament comprised two depth charge throwers with 36 depth charges.

=== Service history ===
Kiyoshimo was completed in May of 1944, after which she was immediately sent to join the Japanese forces in the Philippines. She was present at the Battle of Leyte gulf and was hit by an American bomb, and received five near-misses. She assisted the battleship Musashi after she was hit by numerous bombs, and later evacuated the survivors when the battleship sank. She was repaired in Singapore in November of that year. On December 26th, Kiyoshimo was at sea when she was crippled by American bombers, and finished off by a torpedo from the torpedo boat PT-223. 82 men were killed, while the destroyer Asashimo rescued 169 survivors and American PT boats rescued five.

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=jp_destroyer_kiyoshimo Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="150">
File:(WT) Kiyoshimo Pics.png|POV pic of the aft turrets
File:(WT) Kiyoshimo Pics (4).png|POV of the aft Long lance torpedo tubes
File:(WT) Kiyoshimo Pics (12).png
File:(WT) Kiyoshimo Pics (3).png|Kiyoshimo's triple 25 mm AA mounts found over the forward torpedo tubes
File:(WT) Kiyoshimo Pics (10).png|Kiyoshimo at dusk
File:(WT) Kiyoshimo Pics (11).png|Kiyoshimo before a night attack
File:(WT) Kiyoshimo Pics (8).png|Kiyoshimo defending itself from air attack at night using 25 mm AA fire
File:(WT) Kiyoshimo Pics (6).png|View of the bow from the bridge
File:(WT) Kiyoshimo Pics (2).png|POV picture of the front turret
File:(WT) Kiyoshimo Pics (5).png|POV of the forward torpedo tubes as if standing on the deck
</gallery>

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6163-development-the-japanese-fleet-in-war-thunder-pre-orders-for-the-pg-02-and-kiyoshimo-en|[Development] The Japanese Fleet in War Thunder: Pre-orders for the PG 02 and Kiyoshimo]]

=== References ===

* Budge, K. (2007). Yugumo Class, Japanese Destroyers. Retrieved January 26, 2021, from <nowiki>http://pwencycl.kgbudge.com/Y/u/Yugumo_class.htm</nowiki>
* Newitt, A. D. (1998). IJN Kiyoshimo. Retrieved January 26, 2021, from <nowiki>http://www.combinedfleet.com/kiyosh_t.htm</nowiki>

{{ShipManufacturer Uraga Dock Company}}
{{Japan destroyers}}
{{Japan premium ships}}

HMCS Haida

2024-02-16T12:31:29Z

U105837429: /* Description */

{{About
| about = British destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage = other Tribal-class destroyers
|link = Tribal (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_destroyer_haida
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''HMCS Haida (41)''' is a member of the Tribal-class destroyers, named after the Haida tribe. She was a member of the Canadian Navy from 1943 to 1963, serving in both World War II and the Korean War. The HMCS Haida, as the only surviving Tribal-class destroyer out of 27 vessels, sank more enemy surface tonnage than any other Canadian vessel and is thus known as the "Fightingest Ship in the Royal Canadian Navy". She was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1984 and now serves as a museum ship in Hamilton, Ontario, next to HMCS Star, an active Royal Canadian Naval Reserve Division. The HMCS Haida was named the Canadian Navy's ceremonial flagship in 2018.

Introduced in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]] as a [[wt:en/news/5810-fleet-news-what-awaits-us-in-update-1-83-masters-of-the-sea-en|premium pack]] as part of the British fleet closed beta test, the HMCS Haida is a powerful destroyer, equipped with lethal anti-aircraft armaments and powerful torpedoes. Players should use its powerful ammunition to engage enemy destroyers and cover allies with its excellent anti-aircraft capability. However, in comparison to many other destroyers, its speed remains below average. This, combined with the subpar muzzle velocity of its main armaments, makes engaging targets at long range difficult.

The HMCS Haida was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/6464-shop-war-thunder-birthday-sale-en|2019 Anniversary sale]]. It has been made available for purchase with Golden Eagles {{ge}} in-game briefly during the 2023 [[wt:en/news/8296-special-decal-and-destroyer-for-canadian-armed-forces-day-en|"Canadian Armed Forces Day"]] and [[wt:en/news/8524-special-trafalgar-day-a-decal-and-hmcs-haida-to-celebrate-en|"Trafalgar Day"]] mini-events.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


The {{PAGENAME}} is like most destroyers in the game; thin armour, good mobility and respectable firepower. The destroyer has 10 to 23 mm of hull armour all around and 3 mm of anti-fragmentation armour protecting the 120 mm main battery guns. The 40 mm 2-Pounder "Pom-Pom" and 20 mm Oerlikon anti-aircraft guns are protected by 12.7 mm of hardened steel.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


The Haida is by no means a slow ship. She is able to reach a top speed of 35.6 knots, but she is slower when compared to similar destroyers such as Leningrad, Fletcher, the Type 1936 / Type 1936B or even the Type 1934A. However, the rudder shift is very responsive with a shift time of around 2 seconds. This allows HMCS Haida to dodge its way through gunfights or during air attacks.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|4.7 inch/45 Mk.XII (120 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

{{:4.7 inch/45 Mk.XII (120 mm)/Ammunition|4.7 inch HE Mk.VIIA, 4.7 inch SAP Mk.VA, 4.7 inch HE-TF Mk.VIIA, 4.7 inch HE-VT Mk.VIIA}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

{{:4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)/Ammunition|4 inch HE, 4 inch SAP, 4 inch HE-TF, 4 inch HE-VT}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|2pdr QF Mk.IIc (40 mm)|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mark 24 (20 mm)}}

The Haida is no slouch when it comes to AAA batteries for a destroyer. She is armed with one quad 40 mm 2-Pounder "Pom-Pom" mount accompanied by six twin 20 mm Oerlikon mounts. These are also very useful for tearing apart enemy torpedo boats that happen to stray too close. In addition, the 102 mm secondary mount acts as a heavy AAA mount. The 102 mm mount can be armed with High Explosives with fuses set inside.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.VIII (533 mm)|Mk.IX** (533 mm)|Y-gun Mk.VII depth charge}}

The Haida is also armed with a single quad 533 mm torpedo launcher. The torpedoes travel at a top speed of 39.1 knots and have a maximum range of 7.32 km. The torpedoes have an arming distance of 50 m, so be careful about the distance to the target. In addition, the torpedoes themselves pack a powerful punch, boasting a 327 kg warhead in each torpedo. There is a major factor that all players using either HMCS Haida or her non-premium counterpart- HMS Eskimo: the torpedo tubes have to be fired from nearly broadside angles, otherwise the torpedo tubes will be obstructed. Take care should you choose to fire your torpedoes.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Hard-hitting High-Explosive shells
* Lethal AAA mounts for a destroyer
* Relatively fast for her type
* Excellent manoeuvrability
* Powerful torpedo armaments

'''Cons:'''

* Subpar speed compared to her counterparts of other nations
* Muzzle velocity of the main cannons is sub-par when compared to those of German, Soviet and Japanese destroyers
* Terrible torpedo firing arcs: a player must practically fire torpedoes from broadsides
* AAA mounts tend to be lacking when compared to her American counterparts

== History ==


[[File:HMCSHaidaHamiltonA.jpg|thumb|450x450px|HMCS Haida docked at Hamilton Harbour.]]
HMCS Haida is a destroyer of the Tribal class of destroyers built for the British, Canadian and Australian navies during World War II. Named after the Haida people, HMCS Haida was commissioned in 1943 and had a storied service career, sinking the most enemy ship tonnage out of all Canadian ships in the Second World War. As such, she was nicknamed "The Fightingest ship in the Canadian Navy". Haida saw service during the Korean war and was eventually decommissioned and turned into a museum ship. She is still a museum ship today, berthed in Hamilton Harbour, and serves as the ceremonial flagship of the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN).

=== Design and development ===
In the early 1940s, the British built the Tribal class jointly for their own navy and for the Canadian and Australian navies. The RCM ultimately settled on the Tribal class, as it was heavily armed and could essentially be used as a "small cruiser". In total the RCN ordered eight Tribal class destroyers, which were modified with a new ventilation system to make them more suited to the harsh conditions of Canadian winter service. Haida was built by Vickers Armstrong shipyards at Newcastle, and was commissioned by September 18th 1943.

Haida displaced 1959 tons standard and had a crew of 259 officers and men. Her main armament consisted of six 4.7-inch (119 mm) guns in three dual mounts, along with a secondary 4-inch (102 mm) dual mount. She had an anti-aircraft armament of 1 quadruple 40 mm 2-pounder Pom-Pom gun, as well as six 20 mm Oerlikon guns. She carried a single quadruple torpedo tube mounting, as well as depth charge racks to counter submarines. Powered by steam turbines, Haida could reach a maximum speed of 36.5 knots (68 km/h).

=== Operational history ===
After her commissioning, Haida was based from the British Home Fleet, and immediately partook in convoy escort duties. She was part of the escort screen for convoy JW 55 B, and escorted the convoy away from the battleship Scharnhorst which was then destroyed by British battleships. Haida was subsequently reassigned to perform coastal sweeps of the English channel, in preparation for the D-Day landings of June 1944. During the evening of April 25th 1944, Haida saw her first action when her destroyer flotilla encountered a German torpedo boat flotilla with three Type 1939-class torpedo boats. Haida herself sank the T29 while T24 and T27 were damaged.

Just a week later in the evening of April 29th, Haida and her sister ship Athabaskan encountered the T24 and T27 as they tried to flee from their port. In the ensuing engagement, the Athabaskan was destroyed by torpedoes fired from T24, but Haida was able to severely damage the T27, which was later destroyed by British MTBs. Haida rescued 44 survivors from the Athabaskan, while the remaining crewmembers were either killed or taken prisoner by the Germans. In June of 1944, Haida, along with her squadron, encountered another German destroyer flotilla and engaged them in what would become known as the Battle of Ushant. During this engagement, the German destroyer Z32 was sunk jointly by Haida and her sister ship Huron.

In late June of 1944, Haida successfully sank the German submarine U-971 which had been spotted by British RAF Liberator bombers. In early July, she, along with the Polish destroyer ORP Blyskawica, encountered a German convoy and successfully sank two minesweepers and a merchant ship. Later on in August, the Haida encountered yet another convoy of German ships and sank two minesweepers and a patrol boat.

After her service in the English channel, Haida returned to Halifax for a much-needed refit and was fitted with new sensors. She returned to the Atlantic theatre in April of 1945, and saw one of the last actions of RCN vessels when she was part of an escorting force that attacked two U-Boats that attempted to torpedo their convoy. Both U-Boats were sunk, for the loss of one frigate.

After the cessation of hostilities in the European theatre, it had been intended that Haida be sent to the Pacific Theatre to serve in the American invasion of Japan. However, due to the dropping of Atomic bombs at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, there was no need for this, and the Haida was reduced to reserve in 1947. She later became the first Canadian destroyer to venture into the Hudson Bay. Following the start of the Korean War, Haida was reactivated and sent to the Korean theatre where she participated in several patrols, escorting aircraft carriers and shelling North Korean surface units. She later became part of the "Train Busters Club", a group of ships which had successfully destroyed North Korean trains by shelling them from the sea. She saw less service during the later part of the 1950s, as her ageing equipment began to deteriorate and malfunction.

Haida was reduced to reserve again in 1962, and was intended to be scrapped. However, members of her crew were able to purchase the ship from the RCN, and converted it into a museum ship. Initially, the Haida was docked on the Toronto waterfront, but she has now been moved to Hamilton Harbour. Nicknamed "The Fightingest Ship in the Canadian Navy", Haida is still a museum ship and serves as the ceremonial flagship of the Royal Canadian Navy.

=== [[wt:en/news/5818-fleet-development-hmcs-haida-commonwealth-veteran-en|Devblog]] ===
HMCS Haida was laid down on the 29th September, 1941 at the Vickers-Armstrong dockyard in Newcastle-upon-Tyne. In August 1943, the ship was launched and entered RCN service shortly afterwards. Haida's early service life is marked by escort duties as part of various Arctic convoys. In spring 1944, Haida was tasked to perform sweeps along the French coastline. Haida scored her first kill, sinking the German T-29 destroyer along with other members of her task force in April.

Prior to D-Day, Haida continued to run sweeps along the French coast, periodically engaging in skirmishes with German destroyers and torpedo boats. After sinking a German U-boat, Haida paired up with the Polish destroyer, Blyskawica in actions against German surface vessels off the western coast of France. During one such raid in August, Haida was damaged by a German ship - a 10 5mm round hit the stern section and returned to Halifax in September.

After repairs and refits, Haida continued her service off the coast of Norway in March 1945, serving as an escort and assisting in various operations. After the German surrender in May, Haida was sent to the Pacific in preparation for the invasion of the Japanese home islands. Whilst undergoing tropicalization refits however, Japan surrendered. This marked the end of WW2 and Haida's service as part of it.

In the postwar years, Haida switched between reserve and active status as well as undergoing several refits and upgrades. The Korean War called for Haida's service one final time. There, the ship operated as a destroyer escort, primarily performing shoreline bombardment and patrols.

After the Korean War, Haida was ultimately decommissioned from active service, but avoided being scrapped by being turned into a Toronto attraction in 1965. In the early 2000s, Haida underwent extensive restoration before becoming a National Historic Site at the Hamilton Waterfront. Today, HMCS Haida is the ceremonial flagship of the Royal Canadian Navy and still welcomes visitors from all over the globe.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_destroyer_haida Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:HMCS Haida WTWallpaper001.jpg
File:HMCS Haida WTWallpaper002.jpg
File:HMCS Haida WTWallpaper003.jpg
File:HMCS Haida WTWallpaper004.jpg
File:HMCS Haida WTWallpaper005.jpg
File:HMCS Haida WTWallpaper006.jpg
</gallery>

== See also ==


;Other Canadian naval vehicles present in the game

* [[HMCS Brantford]]
* [[HMCS Terra Nova]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5818-fleet-development-hmcs-haida-commonwealth-veteran-en|[Devblog] HMCS Haida - Commonwealth Veteran]]

=== References ===

;Bibliography

* Parks Canada. (n.d.). HMCS Haida, National historic site. Retrieved January 19, 2021, from <nowiki>https://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=7624</nowiki>
* Sarty, R. (2006, February 7). HMCS Haida. Retrieved January 19, 2021, from <nowiki>https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/haida-ship</nowiki>

{{Manufacturer Vickers-Armstrongs}}
{{Britain destroyers}}
{{Britain premium ships}}

RN Geniere

2024-02-16T11:05:16Z

U105837429: reordering and raphrasing for readability

{{About
| about = premium Italian Soldati-class destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the premium Italian Fante-class destroyer
| link = Geniere
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=it_destroyer_soldati_serie1_geniere
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The RN Geniere was introduced as a [[wt:en/news/6690-development-italian-fleet-early-access-packs-en|premium pack]] in [[Update "Starfighters"]] and was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/6924-shop-war-thunder-birthday-sale-in-gaijin-net-store-en|8th Anniversary Sale]]. It has been made available for purchase with Golden Eagles {{ge}} briefly during the [[wt:en/news/7733-special-italian-navy-day-en|2022]] and [[wt:en/news/7733-special-italian-navy-day-en|2023 "Italian Navy Day"]] mini-events.

The RN Geniere laid down on 26 August 1937, launched on 27 February 1938, completed and commissioned on 15 December 1938, was assigned to the 11° Squadra Cacciatorpediniere and successively deployed to the 3°, 1°, 5°, 8° Divisione navale and, in 1942, to the Squadriglia Navale, in the pre-war period, the RN Geniere carried out training activities, participating in the Naval Review in Naples in 1939 and a cruise to the ports of North Africa and the Dodecannesso, and took part in the main naval actions of the Second World War, carrying out a very intense activity. The RN Geniere carried out 143 missions, of which 50 were escort missions and 13 search missions to the enemy, covering no less than 58,000 miles (93,341.952 km). The RN Geniere was destroyed on 1 March 1943 when she was in Palermo for alterations but fell victim to an enemy air attack that caused her to sink.

The RN Geniere is an excellent destroyer for its speed, manoeuvrability and torpedoes, while the main armament is not as good. It consists of only 5 120mm cannons equipped with AP and HE which does not cause much damage. Making it vital to use AP efficiently to destroy enemy ships. The anti-aircraft armament is improved over the other [[Soldati (Family)|Soldati-class]] destroyers and allows you to destroy enemies coastal boats and planes at medium and short range.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The RN Geniere in terms of survivability is very resilient, thanks to 215 crew members the ship can withstand various fire damage or enemy salvoes and repair damage and put out fires without losing too much crew.

Whereas RN Geniere is protected in the hull by 16 mm steel, superstructure 4 mm, while the only part more armored externally from the hull are the 12 mm protected cannons, the RN Geniere's hold in the rear part is protected by the tanks and it is rare that I can cause you a hold, while the front part the hold is protected only by the 16 mm steel hull which however is not very useful because eventually they can blow your ammorack easily and make you lose the ship in no time

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The RN Geniere is powered by 3 engines, which gives RN Geniere the ability to achieve the maximum speed of 70 km/h in RB and 86 km/h in AB , while the reverse speed is 29 km/h in RB and 35 km/h in AB.

In both AB and RB, RN Geniere has very good acceleration to both go forward and reverse from a standstill, this gives you a better chance to dodge torpedoes or even salvo enemy.

In combat if you continue to turn the speed remains 49 km/h in RB and 52 km/h in AB.

{{NavalMobility
|SpeedForwardStockAB = 63
|SpeedBackStockAB = 26
|TurnTimeStockAB = 109.25
|TurnSpeedStockAB = 44
}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|120 mm/50 O.T.O. Mod.1936 (120 mm)}}

The primary armament consists of five [[120 mm/50 O.T.O. Mod.1936 (120 mm)|120 mm/50 Mod.1936]], 2 of which are twin and one single, these guns can carry 3 different projectiles:

* HE has 1.63 kg of explosives and can cause serious damage if used on the top of enemy ships,
* HE-TF has 1.63 kg of explosive unlike HE projectiles these in particular has a time fuse that is automatically configured during target aiming and practically explode based on the time and distance of the perfect configuration against aerial targets,
* APHEBC has 1.3 kg of explosives and can cause serious internal damage to the enemy ship if they are used against ammo racks and engines.

{{:120 mm/50 O.T.O. Mod.1936 (120 mm)/Ammunition|120 mm HE Dirompente, 120 mm APCBC Perforante, 120 mm HE-TF Contro-aerea}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|20 mm/65 Breda (20 mm)}}

The secondary armament consists of twelve [[20 mm/65 Breda (20 mm)|20 mm/65 Breda]], all the guns are twin-mounted.

These AA turrets are perfect for short range 1-3 km, while for long and medium range they are not very effective, they are also perfect for small ships that try to attack you with torpedoes as torpedo boats.

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''20 mm HE belts:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}
* '''20 mm AP belts:''' {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}

{{:20 mm/65 Breda (20 mm)/Ammunition|HEFI-T*, API-T}}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|S.I. 270/533,4X7,2 Tipo I (533 mm)|B TG 100 depth charge}}

The additional armament consists of six 533 mm [[S.I. 270/533,4X7,2 Tipo I (533 mm)|S.I. 270/533.4X7.2 Tipo I]] torpedoes and two [[B TG 100 depth charge|B TG 100]] depth charges

The torpedoes are placed in the center of the ship can only be launched when pointing left or right, due to the torpedo mode modification the torpedo range can be increased but the speed is reduced.

Depth charges, on the other hand, are placed in launchers one on the left and one on the right, you have to use them in a certain way because they are not dropped into the water but are launched for a few tens of meters

== Usage in battles ==

When using RN Geniere during the battle don't go too much close to enemy ships or go in zone where are not any cover, because you can be instantly dead.

The best tactic with the RN Geniere is find a cover and start to shoot the enemy ship in specific with APHEBC in the engines and ammorack and with HE the top of the ship.

When they start to respond your attack go back in the cover, if the enemy is coming close to you use your torpedoes and aim to the ammorack (basically under the enemy turrets), some rare cases you can use the depth charges but they cause a little damage to enemy big ships as destroyers and frigates, meanwhile the little ones can be easily killed by the charges or by the AA armament composed by 20 mm (the best belt to use is the Universale one).

If you find an open map don't quit it, you gonna combat from long distance so after you spawned start to shot to the enemy ship that are more close to you and start to distance from them, if they shot back dodge the enemy salvo, and continue your attack, some times use your smoke screen if there are too much enemies shotting you.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Capable of withstanding significant damage from fire and enemy salvoes
* Very manoeuvrable, allowing it to cooperate well with light craft
* Don't loss too much speed when dodge torpedoes or enemy salvoes
* Outstanding acceleration

'''Cons:'''

* Only short range AA guns, very inefficient for medium and long range
* Can be ammoracked very easily in the front of the ship

== History ==

{{main|Soldati (Family)#History|l1=History of the Soldati-class}}

=== RN Geniere ===
[[File:RN Geniere Sail 1.png|thumb|RN Geniere during sail ]]
Set up in Livorno by the OTO on August 26, 1937, and completed on December 15, 1938.

On December 15, 1938, it entered service in the Regia Marina.

On entry into the war was part of the XI Squadriglia Cacciatorpediniere,, which formed together with the twin

[[RN Aviere]], RN Artigliere and RN Camicia Nera.

In 1940, was part of several patrol, enemy search and escort operations in the Sicilian Channel, areas near Libya and Malta.

In 1941, the Geniere had its 120/15 illuminating gun replaced with a [[120 mm/50 O.T.O. Mod.1936 (120 mm)|120/50 OTO Mod.1936]] gun . The original AA armament of [[Breda Model 31 (13.2 mm)|13.2 mm Breda]] MGs was replaced by [[20 mm/65 Breda (20 mm)|20 mm/65 Breda]] cannons in 6 twin emplacements.
[[File:RN Geniere combat I.png|thumb|RN Geniere during shotting exercises]]
In 1942 I participated in some escorts with other destroyers and took part in the Battaglia di mezzo Agosto.

On the night of August 11-12, 1942, during the Battaglia di mezzo Agosto, took to the sea with Divisioni incrociatori III (RN Trieste, RN Gorizia and RN Bolzano) and Divisioni incrociatori VII ([[RN Eugenio di Savoia]], RN Attendolo and [[RN Raimondo Montecuccoli]]) and 9 destroyers: the objective was to attack the British convoy "Pedestal," already decimated by attacks from aircraft, submarines and torpedo motorboats, and annihilate it; however, the Italian formation was turned back for fear of adversary attacks, but during the very navigation of return, on August 13, the submarine HMS Unbroken torpedoed and severely damaged RN Bolzano and RN Attendolo: the RN Geniere and [[RN Aviere]] took the burning RN Bolzano in tow and ran it aground near Panarea.

On March 1, 1943 was Sank from an American aerial bombardment in the harbor.

After armistice it was recovered for demolition.

In April 1944, refitted so that it could float, it was taken in tow to be towed to Taranto; during that sailing, however, the leaks reopened, the cables snapped, and the RN Geniere sank.

=== [[wt:en/news/6690-development-italian-fleet-early-access-packs-en|Devblog]] ===
Geniere was laid down as part of the first series of Soldati-class destroyers for the Regia Marina. Geniere comes to War Thunder naval forces in one of its later war modifications, specifically in the 1942 fit. The ship features five 120 mm cannons split into three turrets. Geniere offers better AA option, than a regular tree destroyer, having 6 twin-barrelled 20 mm Breda autocannons, rationally positioned over her deck. It's also worth mentioning that Geniere comes with two triple torpedo launchers, which make her combat application more versatile. As all Soldati destroyers, Geniere boasts an excellent top speed going up to 35 knots (65 km/h), as well as great manoeuvrability.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_destroyer_soldati_serie1_geniere Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:Geniere (1942) WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:Geniere (1942) WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:Geniere (1942) WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:Geniere (1942) WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:Geniere (1942) WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:Geniere (1942) WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
File:Geniere (1942) WTWallpaper 07.jpg|
File:Geniere (1942) WTWallpaper 08.jpg|
</gallery>

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Soldati (Family)]]
* [[RN Aviere]]
* [[RN Corazziere]]
* [[120 mm/50 O.T.O. Mod.1936 (120 mm)|Cannone OTO 120/50 Mod.1936]]
* [[20 mm/65 Breda (20 mm)|Breda 20/56]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6690-development-italian-fleet-early-access-packs-en|[Devblog] Italian Fleet Early Access Packs: Geniere & Sparviero]]

=== References ===

;Bibliography

* Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922-1946; 1980 Conway Maritime Press Ltd, London

{{ShipManufacturer OTO}}
{{Italy destroyers}}
{{Italy premium ships}}

Type 1936 (Family)

2024-01-10T13:44:06Z

U105837429: order according to game data, grammar and wording fixed (more accurate wording on year)

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Type 1936 (Family)}}

==Description==
The '''Type 1936'''-class and subclasses destroyers were a class of 28 destroyers in the German Kriegsmarine.

Initially it was planned to name all ships after well known people, but starting from the Type 1936A-class (Z23+) the practice was abandoned in lieu of just sequential numbers.

==Vehicles==
===Rank II===
;;Type 1936
* [[Z22 Anton Schmitt]] (1940)
;;Type 1936A
* [[Marceau|Z31]] (1950) (Given to the French in 1946 as a war prize and renamed [[Marceau]])
* [[Z32]] (1942)
;;Type 1936B
* [[Z43]] (1944)
===Rank III===
;;Type 1936
* [[Z20 Karl Galster]] (1945)
;;Type 1936A
* [[Z25]] (1945)
;;Type 1936C
* [[Z46]] ({{Annotation|1945|Never left dock}})
* [[Z47]] ({{Annotation|1945|Never left dock}})

Year in parenthesis is the refit year, not build year

== External links ==


* [[Wikipedia:German_World_War_II_destroyers#Zerstörer_1936|[Wikipedia] German World War II destroyers: Type 1936 destroyers]]
* [[Wikipedia:de:Zerstörer_1936|[Wikipedia.de] Zerstörer 1936]] (in German)

{{Germany destroyers}}
{{France destroyers}}
[[Category:Family pages]]

Moskva

2024-01-10T13:15:46Z

U105837429:

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_destroyer_moskva
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was a Soviet Leningrad-class destroyer leader built in 1930s as the third out of six ships. She was laid down on 29th October 1932 and commissioned on 10th August 1938. The design was inspired by the French Vaquelin-class destroyers, as Soviets wanted to built similar ship on their own. Due to the uneven weight distribution, the ships were top heavy and had poor seaworthiness in rough seas. Moskva's career was very short. Shortly after the attack on the Soviet Union, she was tasked with bombarding the Romanian port of Constanta on 26th June 1941. She struck a mine during the attack and sunk with loss of all but 69 crew.

Moskva was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]]. She was the first destroyer-leader in the game, second one being Tashkent. As with all 1930s Soviet designs, Moskva uses manually traversed turrets causing low traverse speed, making engaging different targets difficult. Another issue shared by nearly all destroyers are the magazines and their placement above waterline without any armour protection often leading to fatal explosion when hit. On the other hand, Moskva's very high top speed allows her to easily close distance to enemies for torpedo runs with her fast albeit short-ranged torpedoes.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The Moskva has great survivability for a destroyer, given that it is a destroyer leader. First, the ship has a crew count of 323 crew members, comparable to the American [[USS Sumner|Sumner]] or German [[Type 1936 (Family)|Type 1936-class]] destroyers. The ship's ammunition racks and transmission are all located well below the waterline, decreasing the chance that they are hit. However, the Moskva's engines are partly above water and can be knocked out quite easily.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

As with many WWII-era Soviet destroyers, the Moskva enjoys great mobility, particularly its top speed: 80 km/h in realistic and 107 km/h in arcade. In fact, the Moskva is the fastest destroyer in the game, jointly with its sister ship [[Leningrad]]. However, Moskva's acceleration, turn time and rudder shift are mediocre among ships of its class.

{{NavalMobility
|SpeedForwardStockAB = 72
|SpeedBackStockAB = 29
|TurnTimeStockAB = 112.533
|TurnSpeedStockAB = 50
}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|B-13 (130 mm)}}

The Moskva carries five B-13 guns in single mountings. Of these, two are mounted ahead of the superstructure, two at the aft, and one gun is mounted in an inconvenient position behind the main superstructure but ahead of the funnels. Thus, the ship must expose its broadside to allow all guns to fire.

The B-13 cannon is shared by most WWII-era destroyers of the Soviet fleet, and is a very potent weapon. However, the main flaw with this weapon is its absolutely horrid turret rotation speed of 4.2 degrees / second vertically and horizontally. This means that you have to turn the turrets very early to be able to engage effectively. The guns themselves shoot accurately and have a high initial velocity (870 m/s compared to 790 m/s for the American 5"/38 guns). However, this comes at the expense of reload speed, as the manually-loaded weapons can only fire at 10 rounds per minute (RPM) with a spaded crew, compared to 22 RPM for the American 5"/38. In fact, this fire rate is slower than everything except for the Japanese and Italian 5" guns, which have a similar fire rate.

The guns themselves have access to three shell types: the OF-46 high-explosive (HE) shell, the PB-46A semi armour-piercing (SAPBC) shell, and the ZS-46R proximity-fused (HE-VT) shell. Of these weapons, the HE shell is usually the best against enemy destroyers and ships as it packs the most explosive filler, 3.58 kg of it to be exact. The SAPBC shell works better against the occasional cruiser you may encounter, as it packs more penetration capacity (up to 179 mm compared to 36 mm for the HE shell). Finally, the HE-VT shell is good against aircraft as it will explode when close enough to the enemy aircraft, meaning that it doesn't require a direct hit. However, it actually packs less explosive filler than the normal HE shell, which is unusual for any HE-VT shell. Combined with the horrible traverse rate, this means the guns aren't particularly suited for anti-aircraft duties.

{{:B-13 (130 mm)/Ammunition|130 mm OF-46 HE, 130 mm PB-46A SAPBC, 130 mm ZS-46R HE-VT}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|34-K (76 mm)|45 mm/46 21-K (45 mm)}}

The Moskva carries two 76 mm 34-K mountings at the aft. The 34-K is also shared by most WWII-era Soviet ships, and gives you a potent secondary weapon that is of a relatively high calibre. This gun has a high fire rate of 27 rounds per minute (2.2-second reload), which can be decreased to 1.1 seconds with a full crew. The weapon itself is decent at closer ranges, but isn't a particularly effective anti-aircraft weapon as it inherits the extremely weak Soviet traverse rate. The single mountings themselves are only capable of traversing at 10 degrees per second, marginally faster than guns of cruiser calibre (6 inch+) of other nations.

The gun itself has access to three main shell types - the O-361K high-explosive (HE) shell, the O-361D time-fused (HE-TF) shell, and the BR-361 armour-piercing (APHEBC) shell. Of these rounds, the HE is almost always the best against enemy boats as it has the most explosive filler, and consequently, does the most damage. The HE-TF round is slightly worse as it detonates on a timed fuse, meaning the accuracy of the shell depends on crew skills. Finally, the APHEBC shells are rarely usable due to their low damage potential. For good measure, bring mostly HE, and a bit of HE-TF and APHEBC just in case the situation arises.

The Moskva also carries two 45 mm 21-K mountings beside the second forward gun, in front of the superstructure. The 21-K mounting is rather mediocre and performs far poorer than the smaller-calibre but faster firing 70-K 37 mm gun. These guns have an extremely similar reload sped to the 34-K, but pack much less punch. That said, these weapons are still quite effective against small ships and aircraft.

{{:34-K (76 mm)/Ammunition|76 mm O-361K, 76 mm O-361D, 76 mm BR-361}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

The Moskva has a rather lacklustre anti-aircraft armament of eight 12.7 mm DShK machine guns. The 12.7 mm DShK machine gun is a heavy machine gun, similar to the M2 Browning used by the Americans and the Vickers guns used by the British. This gun fires from a fixed 50-round magazine and will need to be reloaded after the magazine is expended. The gun itself is rather mediocre, and will struggle to hit targets reliably at ranges exceeding 1.5 km. As well, the weapon doesn't do damage particularly well, considering that it is of a lower calibre. The Moskva does not get access to any ammunition belt upgrades - the default one is the only belt available.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|53-38 (533 mm)}}

The Moskva gets access to eight 53-38 torpedoes in two quad mounts, with no reloads. The 53-38 torpedo is also found on most other Soviet WWII-era destroyers, and is relatively mediocre as far as torpedoes go. In terms of damage-dealing capabilities, the torpedo is decidedly mediocre, having more explosive filler (300 kg of TNT) than the American torpedoes but less than the British and Japanese ones. However, the main drawback of the torpedo is it's range - without the "torpedo mode" modification, the 53-38s are restricted to a range of just 4 kilometres, meaning that they are tied for the shortest-range bluewater-ship mounted torpedoes along with the Italian destroyer torpedoes. The torpedo mode modification is necessary for hitting longer-ranged targets, but reduces the torpedo's speed to just 56 km/h. In general, these torpedoes are a potent weapon against enemy bluewater ships, but lack the range to do significant damage without the "torpedo mode" modification.

== Usage in battles ==


The Moskva is an interesting ship to play, with a quirky set of characteristics. It has a high top speed making it good for base-capturing, but its main guns are most effective at longer ranges due to their fast velocity and high damage. As a result, the Moskva can be played as an aggressive flanker / base-capturer, or alternatively, as a sniper.

The Moskva's decent survivability and good top speed make it well-suited for rushing to capture bases; the ship can also flank enemies effectively due to the aforementioned characteristics. However, when doing so, be extremely aware of your surroundings: rushing forward will lead to enemy ships focusing on you, and despite your decent survivability, you will be outgunned and destroyed by heavily-armed destroyers such as the [[USS Sumner|Sumner]]. This is compounded by the fact that your engines are relatively exposed, meaning that an initial enemy salvo may disable your engines and leave you dead in the water. As a result, island cover is key to playing the Moskva effectively. Use ground cover to prevent enemies from hitting you, until you are directly on their flank and/or capturing a base.

On the other hand, the Moskva's main armament lends itself well to sniping. The 130 mm B-13 cannon has decent accuracy, great muzzle velocity (870 m/s), and good damage, meaning that it is better used at longer ranges (7+ km) where you can more effectively damage enemy destroyers. This also mitigates the cannons' main flaws: slow traverse and a mediocre reload speed. At close range, you will be outgunned by American & German destroyers, who generally benefit from faster reloads, and consequently, higher DPS. Either way, make good use of island cover to preserve your survivability.

Finally, the Moskva's secondary armament is rather lacklustre, meaning that you will have to rely on allied destroyers for protection against enemy aircraft. The 76 mm cannons are decent against enemy coastal vessels but ineffective against aircraft, particularly because they lack a proximity-fuse (HE-VT) shell. Aside from the two 76's, the Moskva only has eight DShK machine guns, which are effectively useless past 2 km. Thus, stay near friendly vessels, as they can provide you with adequate anti-air cover.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Exceptionally fast, one of the fastest bluewater ships in the game
* Large crew size makes it durable and hard to sink
* Hard-hitting main battery guns with great shell velocity
* Decent long-range AA defences

'''Cons:'''

* Large target - will draw fire from enemy team very quickly
* Average rate of fire from main guns
* Gun placement leads to inaccurate broadsides
* Torpedoes have a very short distance when stock, difficult to use unless very close to enemy

== History ==


When the Russians observed the construction of the French Destroyer Leaders (''contre-torpilleur''), they realized that they need something to lead the newly build Project 7 and Project 7U destroyers. The result was the Leningrad-class of destroyers named after important Soviet cities, one of which was Moscow. Though the sea-worthiness of the ships were questionable, in the end, they got the job done.

There were other ships constructed as well:

* Leningrad (first ship in the class)
* Minks
* Kharkov
* Baku
* Tbilisi

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_destroyer_moskva Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
;Related development
* [[Leningrad]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{ShipManufacturer Black Sea Shipyard}}
{{USSR destroyers}}

Leningrad

2024-01-10T13:14:34Z

U105837429: /* See also */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_destroyer_leningrad
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=Leader Leningrad (USSR)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was a Soviet Leningrad-class destroyer leader built in the 1930s as the first of six ships. She was laid down on 5th November 1932 and commissioned on 5th December 1936. The design was inspired by the French Vaquelin-class destroyers, as the Soviets wanted to built similar ships on their own. Due to the uneven weight distribution, the ships were top-heavy and had poor seaworthiness in rough seas. After the start of the Winter War on 30th November 1939, Leningrad and her sister Minsk bombarded Finnish positions on Saarenpää Island. She conducted the same mission several times and during these missions, she was badly damaged by the ice and underwent repairs until May 1941. At the end of August 1941, she helped evacuate personnel from Tallinn and then shelled the advancing German troops in the Leningrad area. On 9th November, while en route to Hanko from Kronshtadt, a mine exploded in her paravane, causing heavy damage to her machinery. After the repairs, she resumed performing shore bombardment missions in the Leningrad area before the siege of the city was lifted in 1944. During the 1950s, she underwent modernization. She was reclassified as a training ship in 1958, converted to a floating barracks in 1960, and her hulk used as a target in 1962, during which she sunk.

Leningrad was introduced during [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]] as part of the 2019 [[wt:en/news/6037-event-sea-voyage-en|Sea Voyage]] event. As with all 1930s Soviet designs, Leningrad uses manually traversed turrets causing low traverse speed, making engaging different targets difficult. Another issue shared by nearly all destroyers are the magazines and their placement above waterline without any armour protection often leading to fatal explosion when hit. On the other hand, Leningrad's very high top speed allows her to easily close distance to enemies for torpedo runs with her fast albeit short-ranged torpedoes.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The Leningrad has good survivability for a destroyer. First, it has a very high crew count of 344 crew members. Second, the ship's vital components are primarily located under the waterline making them harder to hit. However, the engine blocks are partially exposed, meaning that this ship can have its engines knocked out quite easily. Each of the five main cannons also have a ready-rack of 20 shells located beside the gun, which can be detonated with accurate fire. As with most destroyers, the Leningrad lacks armour on the hull, the only armour being thin anti-fragmentation armour on the gun turrets.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

As with the [[Moskva]], its sister-ship, the Leningrad is extremely mobile. The main highlight of the Leningrad's mobility is its top speed: 80 km/h (43 kn) in realistic and 107 km/h in arcade. This destroyer is among the fastest in the game, and can rush to bases faster than any other destroyer. However, Leningrad's acceleration, turning circle and rudder shift are pretty mediocre among ships of its class.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|B-13 (130 mm)}}

The Leningrad carries five 130 mm (5.1 inch) B-13 guns in single open mountings. Two of the mountings are mounted fore of the superstructure, two are mounted aft, and one is mounted in a rather inconvenient position behind the bridge that only allows it to fire on broadsides.

The B-13 cannon is shared by most WWII-era destroyers of the Soviet fleet, and is a very potent weapon. However, the main flaw with this weapon is its absolutely horrid turret rotation speed of 4.2 degrees/second vertically and horizontally. This means that you have to turn the turrets very early to be able to engage effectively. The guns themselves shoot accurately and have a high initial velocity (870 m/s compared to 790 m/s for the American 5"/38 guns). However, this comes at the expense of reload speed, as the manually-loaded weapons can only fire at 10 rounds per minute (RPM) with a spaded crew, compared to 22 RPM for the American 5"/38. In fact, this fire rate is slower than everything except for the Japanese and Italian 5" guns, which have a similar fire rate.

The guns themselves have access to three shell types: the OF-46 high-explosive (HE) shell, the PB-46A semi armour-piercing (SAPBC) shell, and the ZS-46R proximity-fused (HE-VT) shell. Of these weapons, the HE shell is usually the best against enemy destroyers and ships as it packs the most explosive filler, 3.58 kg of it to be exact. The SAPBC shell works better against the occasional cruiser you may encounter, as it packs more penetration capacity (up to 179 mm compared to 36 mm for the HE shell). Finally, the HE-VT shell is good against aircraft as it will explode when close enough to the enemy aircraft, meaning that it doesn't require a direct hit. However, it actually packs less explosive filler than the normal HE shell, which is unusual for any HE-VT shell. Combined with the horrible traverse rate, this means the guns aren't particularly suited for anti-aircraft duties.

{{:B-13 (130 mm)/Ammunition|130 mm OF-46 HE, 130 mm PB-46A SAPBC, 130 mm ZS-46R HE-VT}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|34-K (76 mm)}}

The Leningrad carries a secondary armament of four 76 mm (3 inch) 34-K guns in two single mountings and one dual mounting, all placed at the very rear of the vessel. The 34-K is also shared by most WWII-era Soviet ships, and gives you a potent secondary weapon that is of a relatively high calibre. This gun has a high fire rate of 27 rounds per minute (2.2-second reload), which can be decreased to 1.1 seconds with a full crew. The weapon itself is decent at closer ranges, but isn't a particularly effective anti-aircraft weapon as it inherits the extremely weak Soviet traverse rate. The single mountings themselves are only capable of traversing at 10 degrees per second, marginally faster than guns of cruiser calibre (6 inch+) of other nations.

The gun itself has access to three main shell types - the O-361K high-explosive (HE) shell, the O-361D time-fused (HE-TF) shell, and the BR-361 armour-piercing (APHEBC) shell. Of these rounds, the HE is almost always the best against enemy boats as it has the most explosive filler, and consequently, does the most damage. The HE-TF round is slightly worse as it detonates on a timed fuse, meaning the accuracy of the shell depends on crew skills. Finally, the APHEBC shells are rarely usable due to their low damage potential. For good measure, bring mostly HE, and a bit of HE-TF and APHEBC just in case the situation arises.

{{:34-K (76 mm)/Ammunition|76 mm O-361K, 76 mm O-361D, 76 mm BR-361}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|37 mm/67 70-K (37 mm)|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

The Leningrad's six 37 mm 70-Ks serve as the main component of its anti-aircraft armament. The 70-K is the standard Soviet anti-aircraft gun and serves as a reliable counterpart to the 40 mm Bofors gun used by the allied nations. This gun is extremely similar to the Bofors as it features a similar design, and fires continuously rather than needing to reload. The guns will eventually jam, but the time it takes to jam the weapons is very long so jamming is not a great issue. The weapon does not get access to belts, but the default one is very suited for ripping small ships or aircraft into shreds.

The Leningrad also carries six DShK guns. The 12.7 mm DShK machine gun is a heavy machine gun, similar to the M2 Browning used by the Americans and the Vickers guns used by the British. This gun fires from a fixed 50-round magazine and will need to be reloaded after the magazine is expended. The gun itself is rather mediocre, and will struggle to hit targets reliably at ranges exceeding 1.5 km. As well, the weapon doesn't do damage particularly well, considering that it is of a lower calibre. The Leningrad does not get access to any ammunition belt upgrades - the default one is the only belt available.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|53-38 (533 mm)}}

The Leningrad gets access to two 53-38 quad launchers allowing a total of up to eight torpedoes in one salvo. The 53-38 torpedo is also found on most other Soviet WWII-era destroyers, and is relatively mediocre as far as torpedoes go. In terms of damage-dealing capabilities, the torpedo is decidedly mediocre, having more explosive filler (300 kg of TNT) than the American torpedoes but less than the British and Japanese ones. However, the main drawback of the torpedo is its range - without the "torpedo mode" modification, the 53-38s are restricted to a range of just 4 kilometres, meaning that they are tied for the shortest-range bluewater-ship mounted torpedoes along with the Italian destroyer torpedoes. The torpedo mode modification is necessary for hitting longer-ranged targets, but reduces the torpedo's speed to just 56 km/h. In general, these torpedoes are a potent weapon against enemy bluewater ships, but lack the range to do significant damage without the "torpedo mode" modification.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Adequate survivability for a destroyer with a high crew count
** Most vital components, except the engines and ready-racks, are located below the waterline
* Very high top speed of 80 km/h in RB and 107 km/h in AB
* Main cannons are quite accurate and have a high muzzle velocity (870 m/s)
* Powerful secondary & anti-aircraft weapons suite

'''Cons:'''

* Engines and ready-racks can be easily damaged by accurate enemy fire
* Rudder shift, acceleration and turning time are mediocre
* Main cannons have a slow traverse and reload time
** Firing angles are non-ideal, as the only time all 5 guns can fire together is in a complete broadside
* Mediocre torpedoes with a range of 4 km without the torpedo mode modification

== History ==

''Leningrad'' was the lead ship of her class, the Project 1 and Project 38 destroyer leaders. The ships of the Project 1 class were built in the 1930s and were modeled after the successful French large destroyer designs of the era. Leningrad class destroyer leaders were built in two batches of three ships; the Project 1s, of which Leningrad was part of, and the slightly larger Project 38s.

In the spirit of the French conte-torpilleurs Leningrad was ten knots faster than previous Soviet and Russian destroyer designs and significantly larger. She carried five newly developed 130 mm B-13 naval guns, which proved to be quite effective. However, Leningrad's large superstructure resulted in a top-heavy design that had poor seaworthiness and reduced the ability of the fore turrets to remain dry. Moreover, the construction of the ship was poor in quality so only four guns could be fired at a time due to the vibrations caused by the guns.

''Leningrad''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s service history begins with the Winter War, during which Leningrad and her sister ship Minsk shelled Finnish coastal emplacements in the Red Banner Baltic Fleet. While bombarding, Leningrad got damaged by the ice and spent a period of time repairing until 31 May 1941.

After Nazi Germany declared war on the Soviet Union, Leningrad was reassigned to the 4th Destroyer Division and covered minelaying operations in the Gulf of Finland. Later, Leningrad would provide fire support at Tallinn and around Kronstadt. Ultimately, Leningrad would not be significantly damaged by enemy fire during the Second World War.

Postwar, ''Leningrad'' was modernized, although soon after in 1958 Leningrad would be taken out of service and was converted into a target ship. Two P-35 anti-ship missiles from the guided missile cruiser Groznyy were tested on Leningrad, and soon after she sank.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_destroyer_leningrad Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="150">
File:Leningrad WTWallpaper001.jpg
File:Leningrad WTWallpaper002.jpg
File:Leningrad WTWallpaper003.jpg
File:Leningrad WTWallpaper004.jpg
File:Leningrad WTWallpaper005.jpg
File:Leningrad WTWallpaper006.jpg
File:Leningrad WTWallpaper007.jpg
File:Leningrad WTWallpaper008.jpg
</gallery>

== See also ==
;Related development
* [[Moskva]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6041-development-leningrad-from-the-ashes-en|[Devblog] Leningrad: From The Ashes]]

{{ShipManufacturer Zhdanov Shipyard}}
{{USSR destroyers}}
{{USSR premium ships}}

ITP (M-1)

2023-12-06T09:56:18Z

U105837429: /* Flight performance */ No longer applicable

{{Specs-Card
|code=itp_m1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
|market=items_ITP (M-1) (USSR)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Hot Tracks"]] as a reward for [[Battle Pass: Season II, "Steel Centurion"]].

"ITP" is an acronym in Russian for "heavy cannon fighter", and that is an accurate description of the ITP (M-1). As a prototype fighter from the Polikarpov design bureau, the ITP looks something like a crossing between the [[MiG-3 (Family)|MiG-3]] and [[I-185 (M-82)|I-185]]. Much like the famous [[Yak-9T]], the ITP has a powerful 37 mm cannon mounted in the propeller hub. Two additional nose-mounted 20 mm ShVAK cannons with a generous ammo supply round out its internal armament. The good flight performance allows pilots with sharp aim to swiftly tear their targets apart. The ITP is a great option for both air and mixed battles, suited for punching holes in tanks, shredding bombers, and tangling with enemy fighters. Few Soviet aircraft can boast this versatility.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,100 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 658 || 639 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.9 || 22.6 || 12.6 || 12.4 || rowspan="2" | 395
|-
! Upgraded
| 695 || 676 || 20.2 || 21.0 || 17.8 || 15.1
|-
|}

The ITP (M-1) is a fairly good all-rounder but has a number of quirks. The top speed appears impressive on the statcard, with 676 km/h at 6,100 m in Realistic Battles almost matching the [[I-185 (M-71)]], but most engagements will not occur that high and that speed is not practically achievable. It cannot sustain more than about 520 km/h at sea level, having to rely on its good horizontal energy retention to catch up with its targets at low altitudes. The climb rate is good. The turn rate is decent and the ITP will retain energy in turns quite well at medium speeds but suffer somewhat in low speed engagements. It has noticeable control surface compression above 500-600 km/h IAS in terms of roll rate and rudder control, but the elevator thankfully remains quite responsive; the ITP will have an easier time pulling out of a dive than any [[La-5 (Family)|La-5]].

One of the main sources of annoyance when flying the ITP (M-1) is its temperamental AM-37P engine. Soviet inline engines are not known for being easygoing to begin with, but the AM-37P is particularly prone to overheating, especially at lower altitudes. When using automatic engine control, it will begin overheating when left at 100% throttle and using WEP drives the temperature gauge into orange and often even red zones. The propeller pitch is adjustable but increasing it above 70% will cause overspeed warnings to show up and is generally not recommended. Using MEC is highly recommended to help manage the engine temperatures. To best take advantage of engine performance with MEC, keep the propeller pitch at 70% and both radiators at 100%. This will drastically prolong the time your engine stays at healthy temperatures, and allows for far more liberal usage of WEP. For colder maps, closing the radiators at 75-50% is possible. Mixture should be set to 120% from sea level to 6,000 m. The minimum fuel load of the ITP (M-1) exceeds the match time for air AB and RB battles, and the enriched mixture gives a substantial performance boost. Only when above 6,000 m should the mixture be lowered to 60%, as it starts hindering the performance of the aircraft.

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 365 || 345 || 260 || ~13 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 320 || < 250 || < 500 || > 320
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}
[[File:ITP (M-1) armor schematic.png|thumb|300px|ITP (M-1) armour diagram]]


;Armour plates

# 13 mm Steel - Rear pilot armour

Despite being heavily armed, the ITP (M-1) is hardly armoured, which is something of a trend for Polikarpov aircraft. The rear protection protects the pilot from being knocked out by rifle-calibre machine guns but is insufficient against heavy machine guns and cannons. There is no bulletproof glass in the cockpit canopy, so head-on engagements are risky, but the pilot sits rather low in the fuselage and presents a small target. Getting hit anywhere is a bad idea since the cooling systems are distributed throughout the nose and wing roots and the engine cannot tolerate much abuse. The wing-mounted fuel tanks can be ignited by enemy fire during turning engagements. However, the wing tanks and the central tanks are self-sealing (1 in each wing, 1 under the pilot and 1 under the 37 mm cannon breech).

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|SH-37 (37 mm)|ShVAK (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 37 mm SH-37 cannon, nose-mounted (50 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm ShVAK cannons, nose-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)

Trigger discipline heavily rewards the ITP, spraying should only be done when in doubt or necessity, as it only can count on 50 rounds for the 37 mm cannon and 2 x 200 rounds for both 20 mm cannons. Still, a burst of its armament will deal significant damage, as the 37 mm is coupled with two 20 mm ShVAK cannons, nose-mounted as well. While it performs best within ranges under 1 km from its target, its nose-mounted armaments will limit the dispersion cone. Taking the Default belt is a compromise allowing to use the cannon for any target and fill a multirole approach on the battlefield.

;SH-37

Only one HEI-T 37 mm round has to land on the enemy plane to cause significant damage, mostly instant fire or even ripping off a wing/the tail. While the Default ammunition belt is armed with both HEI-T (High-explosive Incendiary Tracer, Self Destroying- meant for air targets) and API-T (Armour-Piercing Incendiary Tracer- meant for ground, armoured targets), one can instead choose to focus on one playstyle by changing belts for the cannon: one being composed entirely of HEI-T (meaning that the ITP loses most of its capability to destroy "hard" targets, such as Medium and Light tanks, without taking any ordnance) and the other being composed entirely of API-T, meaning that shots landed on aircraft will not include the firepower of the high-explosive round. The API-T rounds are still good against aircraft, as a good shot can detonate fuel tanks, knock out engines, or tear off flight surfaces, but they might overpenetrate and pass through with minimal damage on occasion.

;ShVAK

Twin ShVAKs are common armaments for the Lavochkin fighters and they do not act any differently on the ITP (M-1). They are accurate and shoot quickly but are not very powerful. They are still important to utilize since the Sh-37 does not have a high volume of fire and smaller aircraft may be able to dodge the shots easily. The Default belt works fine against aircraft, combining an equal mix of AP-I rounds for damaging modules and igniting fuel tanks and FI-T rounds for help with aiming and applying some light explosive damage. For ground pounding, the Armoured Targets belt has a greater proportion of AP-I rounds and is capable of penetrating the turret roofs of certain vehicles. Either will do fine against open-topped vehicles. Avoid belts containing HEF rounds, as they do very little damage.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FAB-50sv (50 kg)|FAB-100sv (100 kg)|RBS-82|RS-82}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (200 kg total)
* 4 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (200 kg total)
* 8 x RS-82 rockets
* 8 x RBS-82 rockets

The ITP (M-1) has a decent selection of suspended ordnance for a Soviet single-engine fighter. The twin 100 kg bombs are generally the best option for Ground RB, as they are dropped individually and are large enough to destroy armoured targets if delivered with good accuracy. Dropping them next to or on top of enemies may require some practice since they are mounted on the wings.

The rockets are more situational. The RS-82 rockets are not very useful against ground targets since they only have small high explosive warheads. The RBS-82 rockets are very similar but have a delayed fuse allowing them to penetrate armour. A successful penetration will usually destroy a tank in one hit, but this can be difficult to accomplish since they have a low velocity and are not very accurate.

== Usage in battles ==

The ITP (M-1) is capable of fulfilling different roles on the battlefield: thanks to its nose-mounted armament, it can perform aircraft interception while also having the potential for ground attack. In aerial combat, the ITP shines at quickly disposing of enemy aircraft, relying on Boom & Run tactics in engagements. Its 37 mm cannon is what makes it so deadly: any shots landed onto any enemy plane will, most of the time, cripple it, if not outright destroy it.

The ITP is not a head-on opportunistic fighter: rather, it relies on planned Boom and Run passes, by attacking enemy fighters that are in a lower energy state, or by swooping in and destroying distracted enemies engaged in turnfight. Use of WEP should, just as its ammunition management, be limited towards maintaining speed after pulling out of a dive or a quick boost, as continuous use will quickly overheat the engine. Avoid turnfighting as the aircraft loses a considerable amount of speed in any sort of vertical manoeuvres. Rather than entering a turnfight, the ITP must maintain a high speed to quickly get away from dedicated turnfighting aircraft such as the Japanese [[Ki-43-III otsu]], a common enemy at its BR, then climb again and plan another Boom and Run pass.

When focusing entirely on a ground attack role, the ITP performs best as a dive-attacker, rather than a low-flying approach, as altitude and speed are the ITP's guarantee to survive enemy fighters tailing it.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful armament can destroy large targets with just a quick burst
* Impressive manoeuvrability, especially at higher speeds
* Versatile 37 mm cannon can load Armoured targets belts, capable of penetrating up to 60 mm of armour
* Can carry bombs and rockets, allowing it to play a CAS role in ground battles
* Great climb rate, can manage 30 degrees climb with WEP
* Powerful engine, can outrun most aircraft at its BR (<5,000 m)
* Large ammo count for the 37 mm cannon

'''Cons:'''

* Catches fire easily if damaged (liquid cooling system and fuel are located in the wings)
* The pilot is poorly protected
* Acceleration isn't very good compared to other aircraft at a similar BR
* Engine is prone to overheating
* Minimum fuel load is 30 minutes, weighing down the aircraft and reducing the manoeuvrability
* 37 mm cannon can be inaccurate if fired in prolonged bursts

== History ==

The Polikarpov ITP (Istrebitel' Tyazhely Pushechny - heavy cannon fighter) was a prototype Soviet fighter aircraft that never reached production. Designed to mount a heavy armament of 20 and 37 mm cannons, the ITP was significantly hampered by the unreliability of its powerplants, resulting in its eventual cancellation in 1944.

In 1940, the Polikarpov design bureau set out to develop a single-engined heavy fighter. The aircraft was designed to mount a 37 mm B.G. Shpitalny Sh-37 cannon with 50 rounds of ammunition, along with a pair of 20 mm ShVAK cannons with 140 rounds each. The aircraft could also carry eight RS-82 rockets underwing, or two bombs up to 100 kg each. The aircraft was built of a mixed wood and metal construction with a conventional wing and undercarriage. The aircraft could obtain a maximum speed of 655 km/h at altitude.

By the end of 1940, the primary design work had been completed. The first prototype aircraft was completed in October of 1941, and in May 1942, the aircraft flew for the first time. However, the aircraft's development was greatly hampered by the unreliability of its powerplants; the ITP prototypes flew with the M-107 and AM-39 engines, the latter achieving a maximum output of 1700 hp, yet engines frequently failed during testing. By 1944, it was evident that while the ITP was a promising design, it offered little advantage over existing Soviet fighter designs. The death of chief designer Nikolai Polikarpov in July 1944 was the final nail in the coffin, as all work on the design was subsequently stopped.

=== [[wt:en/news/7061-development-battle-pass-vehicles-itp-m-1-en|Devblog]] ===
At the end of 1940, the aircraft designer Nikolai Polikarpov came up with the initiative to create a fundamentally new combat aircraft for Soviet aviation - a fighter with heavy cannon armament, that could fulfill tasks typical for heavy fighters and attack aircraft, while possessing the flight characteristics of a light single-engine monoplane fighter. The military accepted Polikarpov's idea with interest, formulating tasks for the future aircraft, such as effective air combat, including the destruction of bombers, aerial destruction of tanks and armoured vehicles, as well as escort missions. The assembly of the first prototype began in May of 1941, however, due to the rapid offensive from the enemy towards Moscow, production had to be evacuated to Novosibirsk, Siberia, where the test unit was completed.

ITP (M-1) (ITP is for "heavy cannon fighter") was a monoplane fighter with a 1,650 hp M-107P engine, the armament of the aircraft consisted of a 37 mm Sh-37 motor-mounted gun and a pair of 20 mm ShVAK cannons. Flight tests began in February 1942, but were not fully completed due to engine problems. A little later, versions with the M-107A and the AM-37 engines were tested, on the second prototype, the 37 mm cannon was replaced with another ShVAK cannon. Work on the ITP project was interrupted due to the untimely death of the Soviet "king of fighters" in 1944.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=itp_m1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="175">
File:ITP (M-1) WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:ITP (M-1) WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:ITP (M-1) WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|9ffyPCaxp9k|'''Battle Pass Vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 03:20 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|57j2HIxn7qk|'''ITP (M-1) Seal Clubbing Review''' - ''Dimitri_Rudov''|1tNEooOmoQg|'''The BEAST Within! ITP (M-1)! - USSR - Premium Review!''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==


* [[Yak-9T]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7061-development-battle-pass-vehicles-itp-m-1-en|[Devblog] Battle Pass vehicles: ITP (M-1)]]

{{AirManufacturer Polikarpov}}
{{USSR fighters}}
{{USSR premium aircraft}}

Rooivalk Mk1F CSH

2023-12-05T15:35:03Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability update

{{Specs-Card
|code=ah_2_rooivalk
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_003.jpg}}
|store=11446
}}

== Description ==

In the early 1980s, the South African Defence Force realised the need during the South African Border War for a dedicated attack helicopter to conduct strike missions against armour and anti-air positions, and escort helicopter transports. However, under a UN arms embargo at the time, South Africa had to look to domestic designers to fulfil these requirements. Thus, in 1984, development of the Denel Rooivalk began, from the basis of the Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma. While it would have its first flight in 1990, budget limitations and desires for increasingly advanced capabilities would mean that it would only enter service in 2011. Originally also planned for export, new development was ceased after the design lost to the Italian [[T129|A129 Mangusta]] in Turkey in 2007. 11 helicopters are presently operated by the South African Air Force, flown by 16 Squadron from AFB Bloemspruit, Bloemfontein. They have seen service in a number of UN operations, including in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Introduced in [[Update "Drone Age"]], the Rooivalk provides a fearsome attack helicopter addition to the British tech tree. Equipped with armaments and systems that rival the vaunted Apache helicopter family, with considerable air-to-air defensive capabilities and hard-hitting ground attack loadouts, the Roovialk Mk1F CSH can be a devastating asset available to employ by British helicopter pilots. Equipped with laser warning systems, MAWS systems, and NVG/thermal vision, pilots can focus on delivering hard-hitting ordnance without having to have their heads on a constant swivel. The deadly Mokopa ATGMs with tandem warheads provide an efficient means of dispatching enemy ground targets, while Mistral AAMs pose a serious threat to enemy aircraft within the Rooivalk's airspace, providing all-aspect IR missiles replete with ECCM features. Last but not least, a fast firing and reliable 20 mm gun mounted under the nose can be used to deal with softer targets and slow-moving enemy aircraft. It was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/8580-shop-war-thunders-birthday-sale-in-the-gaijinnet-store-en|War Thunder 11th Anniversary sale]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Heli-Flight}}


The Rooivalk handles well for a helicopter, with competitive forward speed and suitable agility to enable the aircraft to deliver its payload and evade incoming ordnance. While it lacks the superb agility of the Lynx helicopters also fielded in the British tech tree, it can certainly hold up to what is required of it on the battlefield and perform aerobatics like rolling to dump altitude.

In forward flight, pushing the collective and dumping altitude will allow you to push the aircraft up to around 315 km/h. It is advisable that pushing the Rooivalk to such speeds will cause the tail rotor to struggle and lock up the aircraft similar to compression seen in planes. Making any sort of emergency manoeuvre will often result in pitching the aircraft down into the ground or nearby objects if flying low.

Keeping a low collective when performing manoeuvres will reward the pilot with enough agility to get the job done when employing masking strategies, even while carrying a full load of munitions.

The Rooivalk is able to lift off and maintain stable flight with a full fuel tank and a full load of munitions on both wings should more fuel than minimum ever be required.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 1,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 265 || 249 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}}
|-
! Upgraded
| 307 || 285
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Heli-Armour}}


The Rooivalk possesses no armour except for armoured Kevlar boron carbide panelling behind and under the pilot seats. These will provide modest protection against ground fire up to around 12.7 mm and possibly 20 mm at higher ranges but only insofar as keeping the pilots alive.

The aircraft contains all of its fuel in three self-sealing fuel tanks within the centre of the helicopter's main body, with its engines and transmission just above those tanks. Much of the aircraft is empty space and players will often find themselves taking ground fire and seeing their damage display light up while no actual considerable damage is done to essential systems. The engines are both relatively small for the airframe and harder to hit, and in the event that they are, the Rooivalk possesses an EFS (Engine Fire System) that can be used to douse these fires and maintain flight.

It is possible for the Rooivalk to limp back to an airfield on a single engine, however it is advisable to dump munition pylons if need be to reduce the strain on the remaining engine.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

As a premium aircraft all modifications are unlocked upon purchase.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Heli-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Heli-Offensive}}

{{main|GI2 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 1 x 20 mm GI2 cannon, nose turret (700 rpg)
** 1 x 20 mm GI2 cannon + 170 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Heli-Suspended}}

{{main|Mistral|ZT-6 Mokopa|FZ49}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance presets:

* 76 x FZ49 rockets
* 4 x Mistral missiles
* 4 x Mistral missiles + 76 x FZ49 rockets
* 16 x ZT-6 Mokopa missiles
* 16 x ZT-6 Mokopa missiles + 4 x Mistral missiles
* 8 x ZT-6 Mokopa missiles + 4 x Mistral missiles + 38 x FZ49 rockets

==== Custom loadout options ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="7%" | 1 !! width="7%" | 2 !! width="7%" | 3 !! width="7%" | 4 !! width="7%" | 5 !! width="7%" | 6
| rowspan="4" width="25%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! FZ49 rockets
| || 19 || 19 || 19 || 19 ||
|-
! Mistral missiles
| 2 || || || || || 2
|-
! ZT-6 Mokopa missiles
| || 4 || 4 || 4 || 4 ||
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Rooivalk does not have the agility of many of its peers like the Apache, so while it is possible it is not advisable to rely or focus on using this aircraft for rocket pod strikes. However in argument to this point; the Rooivalk can take a beating and may survive enough to deploy its rocket pods so pilots may take both into consideration when deciding upon a loadout. The Rooivalk can find itself being most devastating when serving as a ranged ATGM platform, able to take a full load of up to 16 Mokopa missiles with effective ranges of 10 km, allowing the Rooivalk to sit at the fringe of most SPAAs' retaliation ranges and rain havoc.

It is recommended to employ 'masking' tactics with the Rooivalk, finding a suitable piece of terrain to act as cover and peeking just over to loose a missile at a target. The Mokopa are not Fire and Forget (FAF) but they do have In-ordnance Guidance (IOG) which means they will continue to track to their last designated position if the laser is cut. However, if the target moves they will not follow as they cannot acquire their own locks and a warning will flash up on gunner sights to 'enable laser now' to re-designate the target for the missile to resume tracking. So there is a brief window to duck down behind cover if engaged and then still successfully deliver the missile. Alternatively, the missiles can be used as makeshift FAF if you are confident the target will not move and the missile can be abandoned to guide itself to the last designated point. The Mokopa missile possess a tandem warhead and enough penetration to pierce the armour of anything encountered on the ground, with careful aiming tanks can be dispatched by puncturing through traditionally reinforced areas and to the very vital spots that reinforcement was put in place for.

For self defence, the Rooivalk sports an LWS, MAWS, and Mistral AAMs. The LWS is effective for detecting rangefinders from vehicles with VT munitions such as the Russian 2S38 which poses a very common and often overlooked threat at the Battle Rating. The MAWS system will automatically deploy chaff and flares upon a detected missile launch. But as most SPAA use a radar for purely detecting and guide their munitions by laser it is advisable to keep the countermeasures mix as primarily or entirely flares. Be aware the MAWS system looks for the IR flare of a launched missile, so even friendly missiles being launched in proximity of the Rooivalk will elicit a MAWS response. An option to toggle the MAWS on and off can be hotkeyed.

The Mistral AAMs are reliable when it comes to engaging enemy aircraft, primarily jets due to their tendency to generate a lot of heat. The Mistrals are all aspect and can acquire locks up to as far as 6 km away also possessing ECCM for some flare resistance. However they can only manoeuvre up to 12Gs so any competent pilot will be able to shrug off the missiles.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Effective anti-tank options; Mokopa missiles are fast and sport tandem warheads for defeating ERA and over 1000 mm of armour.
* Powerful engines allow evasive flight with full combat loads
* LWS and MAWS allow for detection and action against IRST-based SPAA systems and IR launches more effectively
* Gen 3 thermal imaging in gunner sights

'''Cons:'''

* Not as agile as some of its contemporaries
* Short range air-to-air capabilities for its BR. Unlikely to win an engagement with another helicopter such as a KA-50 with Vikhrs which will be its most commonly encountered opponent.
* 20 mm cannon can be inaccurate and doesn't have access to ammunition sufficient to penetrate even the tops of most MBTs at its BR.

== History ==

The combat experience gained by the SAAF during the conventional phase of the South African Border War revealed the need for a dedicated attack helicopter designed specifically to destroy enemy tanks.

The NATO arms embargo forced South Africa to start its own research programs to create this type of helicopter, along with its own helicopter industry as a whole. Two parallel programs were initiated to develop helicopter production technologies - one based on the SA 326B Alouette III (airframe, engine, propeller), the second - based on the SA 330J Puma (avionics, weapons).

In 1990, after four years of development and testing, the first experimental prototype of the attack helicopter Rooivalk (Afrikaans "red kestrel") took to the skies - a completely domestic South African attack helicopter with avionics, electronics, sighting system and world-class weapons. An advanced prototype, modified to the requirements of the US Army with perspectives for possible export, was presented to the public at an air show in Dubai in 1993, and a year later, the helicopter was bidding for the British Ministry of Defence tender.

As for the internal needs of South Africa, an ordered series of 12 aircraft began entering service in 1998. During this time, continuous research and technological improvements were applied. A large-scale upgrade was undertaken as the Rooivalk Mk1 program, which included 130 improvements during the construction stage of the first six helicopters. Of the 12 Rooivalk Mk1 CSH (Combat Support Helicopter) units produced, 11 are currently in service with the SAAF 16th Squadron in Bloemfontein.

''- From [[wt:en/news/7863-development-rooivalk-mk1f-csh-heavy-accent-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ah_2_rooivalk Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Ah9gpdy7IPI|'''The Shooting Range #333''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:27 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the helicopter;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7863-development-rooivalk-mk1f-csh-heavy-accent-en|[Devblog] Rooivalk Mk1F CSH: Heavy Accent]]

{{AirManufacturer Denel Aviation}}
{{Britain helicopters}}

USS Des Moines

2023-12-05T15:34:01Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability update

{{Specs-Card
|code=us_cruiser_des_moines_class
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_002.jpg}}
|store=12049
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is the lead ship of her class of three heavy cruisers, laid down in late May 1945 shortly before the end of World War 2. Derived from the earlier [[Baltimore (Family)|Baltimore-class]] heavy cruisers, she was the first ship in the US Navy to utilize autoloading {{Annotation|8-inch|203 mm}} guns. She would not see combat, only being commissioned in 1948, with a short service life of only 13 years, being decommissioned in 1961. Notably, she did serve as the flagship of the Mediterranean fleet for 7 of those years, and as the control center for American armed forces in the Lebanon crisis of 1958.

Introduced in [[Update "Sky Guardians"]], USS Des Moines is in an earlier refit compared to her sister ship [[USS Newport News]], and actually has a much stronger anti-aircraft battery: increased from two double {{Annotation|3-inch|76 mm}} autocannon mounts on the Newport News, to a whopping 12 double mounts, plus an additional twelve double 20 mm mounts. This means that in addition to her impressive anti-ship capabilities with a 6-second reload for her main battery, she can also serve as a protective screen for battleships and less protected cruisers against air attack. It was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/8580-shop-war-thunders-birthday-sale-in-the-gaijinnet-store-en|War Thunder 11th Anniversary sale]]

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

USS Des Moines, as the lead ship of the [[Des Moines (Family)|Des Moines class]], has an armour layout which is based off the [[Baltimore (Family)|Baltimore class]] heavy cruisers. The main benefit for the main armour belt was to provide protection for the forward magazines, increasing the protection underneath the forward turrets from {{Annotation|0.75 inches|19.05 mm}} to {{Annotation|5.8 inches|147.32 mm}} of armour. The main armour belt is slightly thinner as the [[Baltimore (Family)|Baltimore class]] has a {{Annotation|6-inch|152 mm}} belt, but the extra coverage which the extended belt provides is very welcome. The fore and aft of the citadel are protected by {{Annotation|4.8 inches|121.92 mm}} of bulkhead armour, and thin {{Annotation|0.75-inch|19.05 mm}} bulkheads interspersed throughout the citadel. The decks above the citadel are protected by {{Annotation|1-inch|25.4 mm}} of anti-fragmentation armour just like the destroyers in the US tree. Lower in the ship is a {{Annotation|3.4-inch|86.36 mm}} deck armour plate to deal with incoming fire from long ranges as well; this can deal with other cruisers and lower, however battlecruisers and battleships will easily penetrate this.

Des Moines has excellent armour on the turrets, with {{Annotation|8 inches|203.2 mm}} of armour on the turret face, angled at 34 degrees to provide extra protection. This renders the turret face essentially impervious to any cruiser or destroyer fire, so long as it is facing towards the enemy. The turret sides, with only {{Annotation|3.75 inches|95.25 mm}} of armour, can be penetrated by all cruiser calibre and many destroyer calibre guns at close range. The roof is better protected to defeat plunging fire, with {{Annotation|4 inches|101.6 mm}} of armour. The barbettes have less armour, with {{Annotation|6.1 inches|154.94 mm}} of protection. These will be knocked out regularly by other heavy cruisers and every battleship. These lead into the magazines, and the second turret magazine in particular. It is placed in an exposed position above the waterline unlike the Baltimores, so every precaution should be taken to avoid taking fire to this section. When fighting the Des Moines, this is the recommended area to hit.

Similar to other American cruisers, she lacks torpedo bulges, instead relying on fuel tanks along the hull. These cover the entirety of the hull between the turrets, and can absorb some smaller torpedoes, though most will easily punch through. Captains should watch out for torpedo attacks at all times. If taking a hit is inevitable, manoeuvre the ship so that it takes the hit as close to the front of bow as possible, as the bow is mostly empty space and Des Moines can survive a hit here with just some flooding. Any hits below the turrets, especially the second, should be avoided at all costs.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

Possessing a flank speed of {{Annotation|33 kn|61 km/h, 38 mph}}, USS Des Moines has the same top speed as other American heavy cruisers such as the [[USS New Orleans]] or the [[Baltimore (Family)|Baltimore-class]], and slightly faster than the [[Brooklyn (Family)|Brooklyn class]]. This speed allows Des Moines to make it to capture zones and other key locations at a reasonable pace, though not quite as some other cruisers such as [[Voroshilov]]. This speed drops to {{Annotation|23 kn|43 km/h, 27 mph}} in a turn, which although leaving her as an easier target, is still faster than any of the American battleships' flank speeds.

The rudder takes roughly 2 seconds to cause the ship to begin a turn, and while USS Des Moinse is responsive, at essentially 21 tons displacement there is a limit to just how quickly she can turn. Des Moines is agile for a heavy cruiser, but captains will need to be wary when traversing narrow passages as she is unable to make many of the turns that a destroyer or light cruiser could make.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|8 inch/55 Mark 16 (203 mm)}}

The primary armament of 3 x 8 inch/55 Mark 16 triple-gun mount cannons are the currently the undisputed best heavy cruiser cannons. Able to fire a volley every 6 seconds (10 rpm) allows for all vessels, cruisers or smaller to be destroyed with relative ease. Like most American cannons, the shell velocity is quite low, making very large shell arches, allowing for ships to be struck whilst still behind island cover. This does however making long range shooting a significant challenge.'

The Des Moines has 4 rounds types, a HE round, two SAP round types and a AP round. The explosive mass of all rounds are extremely powerful for their type. The AP round is able to successfully fight all heavy cruisers as well as some battlecruisers such as the HMS Glorious, SMS Von der Tan, HMS Invincible to name a few.

{{:8 inch/55 Mark 16 (203 mm)/Ammunition|8 inch Mk.14 Common, 8 inch Mk.21 APCBC, 8 inch Mk.25 HC, 8 inch Mk.17 SP Common}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|5 inch/38 Mk.12 (127 mm)}}

The secondary armament are 6 x 5 inch/38 Mk/12 twin-mounted, dual-purpose cannons, with a max of 4 turret being able to fire during a broadside. The max fire rate is 15-22 rpm (depends on if the first stage ammunition is not depleted). There cannons have terrible muzzle velocity making distant shots against maneuvering targets a major challenge. Fortunately, when fighting light cruisers and destroyers, these secondaries are able to cause significant damage using HE and SAP rounds. These turrets also have access to proximity fuse shells, providing superb long to medium range defense against aircraft, including high altitude bombers.

{{:5 inch/38 Mk.12 (127 mm)/Ammunition|5 inch AAC Mk.34, 5 inch AAVT Mk.31, 5 inch SP Common Mk.46}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|3 inch Mk.33 (76 mm)|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mark V (20 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Adequate speed, on par with the rest of the American ships of this level
* Decent main firepower with an excellent fire rate of 10 rounds per minute
* Has access to a tracking radar
* Powerful auxiliary and AA defense with decent range and effective against both aircraft and light naval targets
* Large crew complement allows for a decent survivability
* Decent ammo variety for both the 8-inch and 5-inch guns including HE-VT, HE and AP type rounds
* Overall armour is above average for a cruiser

'''Cons:'''

* Large and long vessel, quite easy to hit especially with torpedoes
* No torpedo protection
* Doesn't have access to a scout plane
* Front ammorack is easily detonated by even 8-inch AP shells from cruisers

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_cruiser_des_moines_class Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[USS Newport News]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8107-development-pre-order-uss-ca-134-des-moines-1948-heavy-cruiser-en|[Devblog] Pre-order: USS CA-134 Des Moines 1948 heavy cruiser]]

{{ShipManufacturer Bethlehem Steel}}
{{USA heavy cruisers}}
{{USA premium ships}}

M728 CEV

2023-12-05T15:32:26Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability update

{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m728
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_005.jpg}}
|store=11818
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} American medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Apex Predators"]] and was removed from the store after [[wt:en/news/8580-shop-war-thunders-birthday-sale-in-the-gaijinnet-store-en|War Thunder's 11th Anniversary sale]].

The M728 is a full-tracked combat engineer vehicle designed to provide maximum ballistic protection for the crew. It is a heavily armed derivative of the M60 series tank modified to provide a mobile and manoeuvrable weapon for combat support of ground troops and vehicles.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,162|rbMinHp=663}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M135 (165 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M135 (165 mm)|165 mm M135]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 30 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || 19.0 || 26.4 || 32.0 || 35.4 || 37.6 || rowspan="2" | 27.69 || rowspan="2" | 24.50 || rowspan="2" | 22.58 || rowspan="2" | 21.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 11.9 || 14.0 || 17.0 || 18.8 || 20.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:M135 (165 mm)/Ammunition|M123}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''30''' || 24 ''(+6)'' || 15 ''(+15)'' || 1 ''(+29)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Racks 2 and 3 are first stage ammo racks. They totals 23 shells and get filled first when loading up the tank.
* These racks are also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 2 - 3 - 1.
* Full reload speed will be realized as long as shells are available in the ready racks 2 and 3. If the ready racks are empty, a penalty to reload speed will occur.
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1 into rack 2. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready rack.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M85 (12.7 mm)|M73 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M85 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M85]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 720 (180) || 626 || -9°/+60° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M73 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M73]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,750 (250) || 500 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The M728 CEV has a very unique role in combat due to its high survivability and low-velocity gun. The M782 performs best in urban or mountainous locations as it has heavy armour in the right places to survive high intensity engagements and its gun can decimate almost every tank you will encounter at its BR with a well-placed shot. On maps with larger open areas, it is best to either stay back and try to play as artillery, although this will require a good feel for the shells' trajectory, or rush in as close as possible, tanking sniper shots on your armour as you close the distance to wreck havoc.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Has a powerful 165 mm gun that fires shells with 20.31 kg TNT equivalent, one hit can always deal serious damage to the enemy vehicles
* Low muzzle velocity can allow the trajectory to hit some enemies hiding behind the slope, especially in AB
* The dozer blade in front it can provide additional utility, especially to protect the lower glacis

'''Cons:'''

* Terrible muzzle velocity makes this vehicle not very useful in spaced area, especially in RB
* Low reverse speed
* Top of the engine deck can be easily penetrated by planes
* HESH is inherently unreliable, a hit to a wrong spot on a certain enemy tank chassis or armour may do no damage at all despite the shell's potential, while a close miss might annihilate the enemy tank regardless

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_m728 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Q7WJfgt3LuY|'''The Shooting Range #337''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:26 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[M60 (Family)]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Centurion Mk.5 AVRE]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8014-development-m728-combat-engineer-en|[Devblog] M728: Combat Engineer]]

{{USA medium tanks}}
{{USA premium ground vehicles}}

Duguay-Trouin

2023-12-05T15:31:11Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability update

{{Specs-Card
|code=fr_cruiser_dugauy_class_dugauy_trouin
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_001.jpg}}
|store=12046
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} French light cruiser {{Battle-rating}}, a lead ship of her [[Duguay-Trouin (Family)|class]]. She was introduced in [[Update "Sky Guardians"]] and was removed from the store after [[wt:en/news/8580-shop-war-thunders-birthday-sale-in-the-gaijinnet-store-en|War Thunder's 11th Anniversary sale]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The ship has a significant advantage in terms of survivability due to the size of its crew, with 578 sailors it is one of the largest in the BR. The [[ammo racks|ammunition racks]] are located deep below the waterline and are protected by additional plating, which makes ammunition explosions very unlikely to occur. Moreover, the turrets and ammo elevators are equipped with 30 mm armour, which can reduce fragmentation damage caused by near-misses.

The ship's large size also serves as a form of protection as its hull is divided into 9 sections, a feature typically found on heavy cruisers, reducing damage from both torpedoes and bombs.

However, like other ships in its BR, the Duguay-Trouin does not have armour that can directly stop high-calibre SAP or HE shells. Typically for the light cruisers it is also unable to withstand damage from multiple enemy warships.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The mobility can be described in one word: average. The rudder turn speed varies between 5.4 seconds (not upgraded) to 4.05 seconds (aced crew with maximum leadership), which is somewhat slower than most of the light cruisers of the BR when not upgraded, but the same as all the competitors when fully aced. Guns can easily keep up with the turn rate thanks to their high horizontal targetting speed.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|155 mm/50 model 1920 (155 mm)}}

Four twin turrets provide an one of the highest damage outputs in the BR, comparable only with some of the US destroyers. While the low rate of fire can be an issue under some circumstances, the size of the explosive filler in both: HE and SAP shells more than make up for it. The gun comes equipped with three types of shells:

* '''M1924 HE''' - large explosive filler, contact fuse, best against soft-skinned targets and external modules on the enemy warships
* '''M1924 SAP''' - good explosive filler, best against lightly-armoured targets, will dive into the ship to reach the internal modules
* '''M1924 HE-BF''' - smallest explosive filler of the three, base fuse, particularly good when hitting a highly angled target, will dive deeper into the ship bellows than SAP, but also is more prone to over-penetration and has less of a penetrative capability against a parallel target

The ship lacks any dedicated anti-air shells or AP shells that could penetrate heavy armour.

{{:155 mm/50 model 1920 (155 mm)/Ammunition|155 mm M1924 HE, 155 mm M1924 HE-BF, 155 mm M1924 SAP}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

[[File:75 mm 50 model 1922 firing.jpg|thumb|[[75 mm/50 model 1922 (75 mm)|75 mm mle 1924]] are located on each side of the funnels]]
{{main|75 mm/50 model 1922 (75 mm)}}

Having just two 75 mm secondary guns per side, equipped with an HE shells with contact fuse, secondary armament shouldn't be relied upon. They reload every 4 seconds, which is insufficient for easy dealing with manoeuvring torpedo boats.

Mounts have an ability to engage targets up to 85° vertical guidance, what would make them perfect against high altitude bombers, but this is severely limited by the lack of {{Annotation|HE-TF|High-explosive with time fuse}} or {{Annotation|HE-VT|High-explosive variable time fuse}} shells. In effect the gunfire has primarily have a psychological effect against enemy airplanes, as the probability of directly hitting at ranges where 75 mm would provide an additional protection is negligible.

{{:75 mm/50 model 1922 (75 mm)/Ammunition|75 mm OEA Mle 1925, 75 mm HE-TF OEA Mle 1925}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

[[File:Duguay-Trouin anti-air.jpg|thumb|Anti-air battery on the aft superstructure with two [[Bofors L/60 Mark 3 (40 mm)|40 mm Bofors]] and three [[20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|20 mm Oerlikon]]]]
{{main|Bofors L/60 Mark 3 (40 mm)|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)}}
The vessel comes with multiple anti-air guns spread all throughout the ship, giving it an excellent coverage of both: short-range 20 mm and medium-range 40 mm guns. The 40 mm in particular offer 360° degree horizontal and -7°/+90° vertical leaving no dead zones for the enemy dive bombers to approach. The 20 mm guns are limited to -3°/+65° vertical, offering the best defence to the port and starboard.

== Usage in battles ==

The Duguay-Trouin is a very effective cruiser in its BR and lower, but has little means of responding against heavy cruisers from a higher BRs. It's a gun-centric ship, that can output a significant amount of damage even with the HE shells, but where it shines is the damage output from SAP shells compared to a {{Annotation|similar|AP or SAP}} shells from other vessels.

The ship is best used for pushing enemy points, out-ranging enemy destroyers and picking off problematic, but lightly-armoured targets. What it should avoid are direct exchanges of fire with the enemy heavy cruisers, or getting too close to the enemy ships armed with torpedoes, in particular Japanese [[Long Lance]].

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''
* Very good damage output from the main guns
* Effective anti-air cover
* Good survivability with very well protected ammo racks

'''Cons:'''
* Very limited armour protection
* Very limited capability to deal with a heavily-armoured target due to the lack of AP shells
* Lack of {{Annotation|HE-TF|High-explosive with time fuse}} or {{Annotation|HE-VT|High-explosive variable time fuse}} shells
* No torpedoes

== History ==

The Duguay-Trouin-class was developed from the 1915 proposal for a new class of cruisers, the first to be built domestically in France since 1906. Designated ''Project 171'' ships were originally to be much smaller and cheaper, armed with the 138.6 mm guns, but the reveal of the [[HMS Enterprise|British E-class]] along with the [[Omaha (Family)|American Omaha-class]] in 1920 forced French designers into a larger, better-armed and faster ships armed with the 155 mm guns. Just the increase in speed alone, from 30 to 34 knots, doubled the required shaft horse power from ~53 000 shp to ~100 600 shp.

Typically for the Treaty cruisers it enjoyed a minimal protection, accounting for just 2% of displacement. Cruisers of the time were described as "eggshells armed with hammers", being able to stop WW1-era 4 inch guns, but inadequate for the guns of the interwar period. Cruisers of the time were designed to outrun the ships they couldn't outgun. That said though: Duguay-Trouin-class was built with survivability in mind. The double-shell hull was subdivided with 17 transverse watertight bulkheads. Each of the four boiler rooms enjoyed a fully redundant subsystems. Similarly steering gear was fully electrically powered, but it had a manual backup. Electrical systems were also highly redundant, with turbogenerators located in the aft engine room near rear turrets, central engine room and below the bridge superstructure. Generators could be run individually or coupled. Later ships of the class included an additional diesel generators for an even higher degree of redundancy. Petrol and aviation fuel was stored in a special isolated tanks high in the stern of the ship, ensuring that any damage to the tanks wouldn't impact the vessel.

The ship was praised for its excellent sea-keeping qualities, an exceptional turning circle of just 750 m at 28 knots, a low silhouette, spacious armoured bridge, along with the flexibility and reliability of the machinery. The key criticism of the vessel was its high centre of gravity once the fuel load was depleted, resulting in roll of up to 18° during turns.

Interestingly ship design included space reserved for a passive hydrophone system along with the ultrasound pinger, but after the failed tests of the system on a smaller vessels, plans for the refit were abandoned.

The ship's namesake is [[wikipedia:René Duguay-Trouin|René Duguay-Trouin]] (1673–1736), French privateer and Vice-Admiral. He became famous for his command during the [[wikipedia:War of the Spanish Succession|War of the Spanish Succession]], including the victory during the [[wikipedia:Battle at The Lizard|Battle at The Lizard]], [[wikipedia:Battle of Rio de Janeiro|Battle of Rio de Janeiro]] and a capture of over 300 ships by 1709.

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fr_cruiser_dugauy_class_dugauy_trouin Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development
* [[Primauguet]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8127-development-french-navy-light-cruiser-duguay-trouin-en|[Devblog] French Navy: light cruiser Duguay-Trouin]]
* [[wikipedia:Duguay-Trouin-class cruiser|[Wikipedia] Duguay-Trouin-class cruiser]]
* [[wikipedia:French cruiser Duguay-Trouin (1923)|[Wikipedia] French cruiser Duguay-Trouin (1923)]]
* [https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/5983.html <nowiki>[uboat.net]</nowiki> FR Duguay-Trouin of the French Navy - French Light cruiser of the Duguay-Trouin class - Allied Warships of WWII]
* [http://navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_cr_duguay_trouin.htm <nowiki>[Navypedia]</nowiki> DUGUAY TROUIN light cruisers (1926)]
* Jordan John and Jean Moulin. 2013. French Cruisers 1922-1956. Annapolis Maryland: Naval Institute Press.

{{ShipManufacturer Arsenal de Brest}}
{{France light cruisers}}
{{France premium ships}}

Aigle

2023-12-05T15:29:26Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability update

{{Specs-Card
|code=fr_destroyer_aigle_class_aigle
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_003.jpg}}
|store=12045
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} French destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Sky Guardians"]] and was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/8580-shop-war-thunders-birthday-sale-in-the-gaijinnet-store-en|War Thunder's 11th Anniversary sale]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|138.6 mm/40 model 1927 (138.6 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

{{:138.6 mm/40 model 1927 (138.6 mm)/Ammunition|138.6 mm OEA Mle 1928, 138.6 mm OPFA Mle 1924}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|37 mm/50 model 1925 (37 mm)|37 mm/50 model 1933 (37 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

{{:37 mm/50 model 1925 (37 mm)/Ammunition|37 mm OEA Mle 1925}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|Model 1929 Hotchkiss (13.2 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Model 1923DT (550 mm)}}

The torpedoes of the Aigle are rather slow compared to the ones the German or American ships can carry. In trade for the slow speed, they have an above-average travel distance of 9km with a decent amount of explosive filler of 308g of TNT, for inflicting great damage to enemy ships. Further, the Aigle is rather limited by only having 6 of those torpedoes, disallowing unthought use of the 1923DT torpedoes.

The torpedo launchers of the Aigle are located at two positions, 3 in the centre and 3 in the back of the ship. This allows the ship to have good torpedo launch angles over the sides which allows the ship to launch torpedoes while retreating from a position or turning away from enemy fire.

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent HE and SAPBC ammunition, great for fighting other destroyers and coastal fleet targets
* Turrets have antifragmentation armour to offer, reducing the chance of the turret being knocked out
* Ammunition is stored further down in the ship, making it harder to cause an explosion
* Very fast ship, making it harder to hit and improving survivability
* Torpedoes have a long travel distance

'''Cons:'''

* Main guns lack solid AP for more armoured targets
* Slow turret traverse of the main guns, making it harder to quickly react
* Can only carry 6 torpedoes, requiring the player to carefully consider when to use them
* Hull lacks any armour protection
* Torpedoes are rather slow and hard to effectively use over long distances

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fr_destroyer_aigle_class_aigle Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8115-development-french-navy-destroyer-aigle-en|[Devblog] French Navy: destroyer Aigle]]

{{ShipManufacturer Ateliers et Chantiers de France}}
{{France destroyers}}
{{France premium ships}}

HMCS Haida

2023-10-20T21:03:33Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability

{{About
| about = British destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage = other Tribal-class destroyers
|link = Tribal (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_destroyer_haida
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} British destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced as a [[wt:en/news/5810-fleet-news-what-awaits-us-in-update-1-83-masters-of-the-sea-en|premium pack]] in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]] as part of the British fleet closed beta test and was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/6464-shop-war-thunder-birthday-sale-en|2019 Anniversary sale]]. It has been made available for purchase with Golden Eagles {{ge}} in-game briefly during the 2023 [[wt:en/news/8296-special-decal-and-destroyer-for-canadian-armed-forces-day-en|"Canadian Armed Forces"]] and [[wt:en/news/8524-special-trafalgar-day-a-decal-and-hmcs-haida-to-celebrate-en|"Trafalgar"]] day mini-events.

The Haida is a Tribal-class destroyer in Canadian service, that has a unique layout of her primary, secondary and tertiary weaponry.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


The {{PAGENAME}} is like most destroyers in the game; thin armour, good mobility and respectable firepower. The destroyer has 10 to 23 mm of hull armour all around and 3 mm of anti-fragmentation armour protecting the 120 mm main battery guns. The 40 mm 2-Pounder "Pom-Pom" and 20 mm Oerlikon anti-aircraft guns are protected by 12.7 mm of hardened steel.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


The Haida is by no means a slow ship. She is able to reach a top speed of 35.6 knots, but she is slower when compared to similar destroyers such as Leningrad, Fletcher, the Type 1936 / Type 1936B or even the Type 1934A. However, the rudder shift is very responsive with a shift time of around 2 seconds. This allows HMCS Haida to dodge its way through gunfights or during air attacks.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|4.7 inch/45 Mk.XII (120 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

{{:4.7 inch/45 Mk.XII (120 mm)/Ammunition|4.7 inch HE Mk.VIIA, 4.7 inch SAP Mk.VA, 4.7 inch HE-TF Mk.VIIA, 4.7 inch HE-VT Mk.VIIA}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

{{:4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)/Ammunition|4 inch HE, 4 inch SAP, 4 inch HE-TF, 4 inch HE-VT}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|2pdr QF Mk.IIc (40 mm)|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mark 24 (20 mm)}}

The Haida is no slouch when it comes to AAA batteries for a destroyer. She is armed with one quad 40 mm 2-Pounder "Pom-Pom" mount accompanied by six twin 20 mm Oerlikon mounts. These are also very useful for tearing apart enemy torpedo boats that happen to stray too close. In addition, the 102 mm secondary mount acts as a heavy AAA mount. The 102 mm mount can be armed with High Explosives with fuses set inside.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.VIII (533 mm)|Mk.IX** (533 mm)|Y-gun Mk.VII depth charge}}

The Haida is also armed with a single quad 533 mm torpedo launcher. The torpedoes travel at a top speed of 39.1 knots and have a maximum range of 7.32 km. The torpedoes have an arming distance of 50 m, so be careful about the distance to the target. In addition, the torpedoes themselves pack a powerful punch, boasting a 327 kg warhead in each torpedo. There is a major factor that all players using either HMCS Haida or her non-premium counterpart- HMS Eskimo: the torpedo tubes have to be fired from nearly broadside angles, otherwise the torpedo tubes will be obstructed. Take care should you choose to fire your torpedoes.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Hard-hitting High-Explosive shells
* Lethal AAA mounts for a destroyer
* Relatively fast for her type
* Excellent manoeuvrability
* Powerful torpedo armaments

'''Cons:'''

* Subpar speed compared to her counterparts of other nations
* Muzzle velocity of the main cannons is sub-par when compared to those of German, Soviet and Japanese destroyers
* Terrible torpedo firing arcs: a player must practically fire torpedoes from broadsides
* AAA mounts tend to be lacking when compared to her American counterparts

== History ==


[[File:HMCSHaidaHamiltonA.jpg|thumb|450x450px|HMCS Haida docked at Hamilton Harbour.]]
HMCS Haida is a destroyer of the Tribal class of destroyers built for the British, Canadian and Australian navies during World War II. Named after the Haida people, HMCS Haida was commissioned in 1943 and had a storied service career, sinking the most enemy ship tonnage out of all Canadian ships in the Second World War. As such, she was nicknamed "The Fightingest ship in the Canadian Navy". Haida saw service during the Korean war and was eventually decommissioned and turned into a museum ship. She is still a museum ship today, berthed in Hamilton Harbour, and serves as the ceremonial flagship of the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN).

=== Design and development ===
In the early 1940s, the British built the Tribal class jointly for their own navy and for the Canadian and Australian navies. The RCM ultimately settled on the Tribal class, as it was heavily armed and could essentially be used as a "small cruiser". In total the RCN ordered eight Tribal class destroyers, which were modified with a new ventilation system to make them more suited to the harsh conditions of Canadian winter service. Haida was built by Vickers Armstrong shipyards at Newcastle, and was commissioned by September 18th 1943.

Haida displaced 1959 tons standard and had a crew of 259 officers and men. Her main armament consisted of six 4.7-inch (119 mm) guns in three dual mounts, along with a secondary 4-inch (102 mm) dual mount. She had an anti-aircraft armament of 1 quadruple 40 mm 2-pounder Pom-Pom gun, as well as six 20 mm Oerlikon guns. She carried a single quadruple torpedo tube mounting, as well as depth charge racks to counter submarines. Powered by steam turbines, Haida could reach a maximum speed of 36.5 knots (68 km/h).

=== Operational history ===
After her commissioning, Haida was based from the British Home Fleet, and immediately partook in convoy escort duties. She was part of the escort screen for convoy JW 55 B, and escorted the convoy away from the battleship Scharnhorst which was then destroyed by British battleships. Haida was subsequently reassigned to perform coastal sweeps of the English channel, in preparation for the D-Day landings of June 1944. During the evening of April 25th 1944, Haida saw her first action when her destroyer flotilla encountered a German torpedo boat flotilla with three Type 1939-class torpedo boats. Haida herself sank the T29 while T24 and T27 were damaged.

Just a week later in the evening of April 29th, Haida and her sister ship Athabaskan encountered the T24 and T27 as they tried to flee from their port. In the ensuing engagement, the Athabaskan was destroyed by torpedoes fired from T24, but Haida was able to severely damage the T27, which was later destroyed by British MTBs. Haida rescued 44 survivors from the Athabaskan, while the remaining crewmembers were either killed or taken prisoner by the Germans. In June of 1944, Haida, along with her squadron, encountered another German destroyer flotilla and engaged them in what would become known as the Battle of Ushant. During this engagement, the German destroyer Z32 was sunk jointly by Haida and her sister ship Huron.

In late June of 1944, Haida successfully sank the German submarine U-971 which had been spotted by British RAF Liberator bombers. In early July, she, along with the Polish destroyer ORP Blyskawica, encountered a German convoy and successfully sank two minesweepers and a merchant ship. Later on in August, the Haida encountered yet another convoy of German ships and sank two minesweepers and a patrol boat.

After her service in the English channel, Haida returned to Halifax for a much-needed refit and was fitted with new sensors. She returned to the Atlantic theatre in April of 1945, and saw one of the last actions of RCN vessels when she was part of an escorting force that attacked two U-Boats that attempted to torpedo their convoy. Both U-Boats were sunk, for the loss of one frigate.

After the cessation of hostilities in the European theatre, it had been intended that Haida be sent to the Pacific Theatre to serve in the American invasion of Japan. However, due to the dropping of Atomic bombs at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, there was no need for this, and the Haida was reduced to reserve in 1947. She later became the first Canadian destroyer to venture into the Hudson Bay. Following the start of the Korean War, Haida was reactivated and sent to the Korean theatre where she participated in several patrols, escorting aircraft carriers and shelling North Korean surface units. She later became part of the "Train Busters Club", a group of ships which had successfully destroyed North Korean trains by shelling them from the sea. She saw less service during the later part of the 1950s, as her ageing equipment began to deteriorate and malfunction.

Haida was reduced to reserve again in 1962, and was intended to be scrapped. However, members of her crew were able to purchase the ship from the RCN, and converted it into a museum ship. Initially, the Haida was docked on the Toronto waterfront, but she has now been moved to Hamilton Harbour. Nicknamed "The Fightingest Ship in the Canadian Navy", Haida is still a museum ship and serves as the ceremonial flagship of the Royal Canadian Navy.

=== [[wt:en/news/5818-fleet-development-hmcs-haida-commonwealth-veteran-en|Devblog]] ===
HMCS Haida was laid down on the 29th September, 1941 at the Vickers-Armstrong dockyard in Newcastle-upon-Tyne. In August 1943, the ship was launched and entered RCN service shortly afterwards. Haida's early service life is marked by escort duties as part of various Arctic convoys. In spring 1944, Haida was tasked to perform sweeps along the French coastline. Haida scored her first kill, sinking the German T-29 destroyer along with other members of her task force in April.

Prior to D-Day, Haida continued to run sweeps along the French coast, periodically engaging in skirmishes with German destroyers and torpedo boats. After sinking a German U-boat, Haida paired up with the Polish destroyer, Blyskawica in actions against German surface vessels off the western coast of France. During one such raid in August, Haida was damaged by a German ship - a 10 5mm round hit the stern section and returned to Halifax in September.

After repairs and refits, Haida continued her service off the coast of Norway in March 1945, serving as an escort and assisting in various operations. After the German surrender in May, Haida was sent to the Pacific in preparation for the invasion of the Japanese home islands. Whilst undergoing tropicalization refits however, Japan surrendered. This marked the end of WW2 and Haida's service as part of it.

In the postwar years, Haida switched between reserve and active status as well as undergoing several refits and upgrades. The Korean War called for Haida's service one final time. There, the ship operated as a destroyer escort, primarily performing shoreline bombardment and patrols.

After the Korean War, Haida was ultimately decommissioned from active service, but avoided being scrapped by being turned into a Toronto attraction in 1965. In the early 2000s, Haida underwent extensive restoration before becoming a National Historic Site at the Hamilton Waterfront. Today, HMCS Haida is the ceremonial flagship of the Royal Canadian Navy and still welcomes visitors from all over the globe.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_destroyer_haida Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:HMCS Haida WTWallpaper001.jpg
File:HMCS Haida WTWallpaper002.jpg
File:HMCS Haida WTWallpaper003.jpg
File:HMCS Haida WTWallpaper004.jpg
File:HMCS Haida WTWallpaper005.jpg
File:HMCS Haida WTWallpaper006.jpg
</gallery>

== See also ==


;Other Canadian naval vehicles present in the game
* [[HMCS Brantford]]
* [[HMCS Terra Nova]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5818-fleet-development-hmcs-haida-commonwealth-veteran-en|[Devblog] HMCS Haida - Commonwealth Veteran]]

=== References ===

;Bibliography

* Parks Canada. (n.d.). HMCS Haida, National historic site. Retrieved January 19, 2021, from <nowiki>https://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=7624</nowiki>
* Sarty, R. (2006, February 7). HMCS Haida. Retrieved January 19, 2021, from <nowiki>https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/haida-ship</nowiki>

{{Manufacturer Vickers-Armstrongs}}
{{Britain destroyers}}
{{Britain premium ships}}

T-69 II G

2023-08-01T17:02:13Z

U105837429: Availabilty -+ attempt to fix grammar

{{Specs-Card
|code=cn_type_69_2g
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|T-69 II G WebsiteImage 1.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_002.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_004.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced in [[Update "Starfighters"]] as a [[wt:en/news/6723-development-type-69-iig-asian-armadillo-en|premium pack]] in the Gaijin store. It was removed from sale after the [[wt:en/news/7674-shop-may-sale-en|2022 May sale]]. The T-69 II G has since been briefly made available for purchase in-game with Golden Eagles {{GE}} for the [[wt:en/news/7795-special-people-s-liberation-army-day-en|2022]] and [[wt:/en/news/8380-special-t-69-ii-g-and-a-decal-to-commemorate-pla-day-en|2023]] Chinese "People's Liberation Army Day" mini-events.

It is a Bangladeshi upgrade to their fleet of T-69 tanks (Type 69-IIM, industry code WZ121H), most likely inspired by the modifications performed by Pakistan as the Type 69-IIMA (WZ121K); these tanks underwent upgrades in 2013 with a new long-barrel 105 mm cannon, ERA packages on both the UFP and turret and likely FCS upgrades, especially for the optics. The upgrade served as an economic alternative to support the newly bought VT-1 (MBT2000), before the Type 59 Dujoy (Invincible; দুর্জয়) or VT-5 joined the army.

T-69 II G is an improved derivative of the [[Type 69]], it is one of many Chinese tanks hailing from the lineage of the original [[Type 59]], itself a version of the Soviet T-54. It has a few tricks up its sleeve and makes a good companion to the similar [[ZTZ59D1]]; while the kinetic protection or the mobility are not the best among other medium tanks/MBTs, the ERA packages will often save the tank from lower-tier chemical shells (HEATFS, missiles) while the high-velocity main cannon makes sure to make an impact on enemy targets. Players should be extra careful not to field the tank at the beginning of battle, as well as make sure to disable the enemy with the first shot, due to its inferior reload rate and reaction time.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


The armour layout of the T-69 II G is very similar to the [[ZTZ59D1]]. The base armour underneath the ERA is exactly the same as the original [[T-54 (1951)]]. The turret ERA setup is identical to the 59D1, but the hull ERA setup differs. The coverage is much better, no longer having huge gaps around the tow cable attachment points, but there is no longer any notable kinetic protection, so APDS and APFSDS rounds will go through unimpeded. Seeing as how the ZTZ59D1 requires a healthy dose of luck for its hull ERA to function at all, the T-69 II G's more consistent chemical protection can be considered a reasonable sidegrade.

Post-penetration survivability is still not great, but the ammo rack next to the driver at least features wet storage like the [[Type 69]]. The tank is cramped and penetrating hits are likely to take out more than one crew member. When the turret is pointed forwards, the driver, gunner, and commander are all lined up and can be knocked out by a single penetrating hull shot.

Sometimes, if you are lucky, you will survive a penetrating shot that knocked out your gunner / driver, and your fate depends on whether if you can fight back/retreat before the enemy loads the second shell. If your crew cannot replace the dead gunner / driver on time, a split second late and you will certainly get destroyed by the next shell. Therefore it is recommended to max out the "Agility" skill on every crew, it might save your life one day.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Turret roof)
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 100 mm (60°) ''Front glacis'' 100 mm (54°) ''Lower glacis'' || 80 mm || 45 mm (16°) ''Upper'' 30 mm (72°) ''Lower'' || 30 mm ''Front'' 20 mm ''Back''
|-
| Turret || 160 mm (14-39°) ''Turret front'' 200 mm (4-78°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 115 mm (45-50°) ''Upper'' 155 mm (10-30°) ''Lower'' || 65 mm (9-35°) || 30 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspensions wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=899|rbMinHp=513}}

The T-69 II G retains the same 580 horsepower engine as the Type 69. Surprisingly, the upgrades only added a half ton of weight, so the overall mobility is more or less identical and an improvement over the sluggish ZTZ59D1 in terms of power-to-weight. The reverse speed of -7 km/h is still poor and the tank cannot turn in place, so mobility is not a strong suit of this tank. It can still arrive at the battlefield reasonably quickly, but other speedy 8.7 tanks like the [[Leopard A1A1]] will arrive first.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|ZPL94 (105 mm)}}

The ZPL94 cannon is an upgraded version of the Type 83 cannon used by the ZTZ59D1, featuring a noticeably longer barrel. This improves the muzzle velocity of its ammunition, and the APFSDS penetration is increased slightly as a result. Unusually, it also has a faster reload than the 59D1's cannon by about 1 second, which is a welcome improvement.

The T-69 II G's optics are a fixed 6x zoom with a 12 degree field of view. This is a comfortable setting for medium range engagements, but players used to the typical 3.5-7.5x zoom and 21-10 degree FOV of the Type 59 family may find it less convenient for close quarters.

The -4° gun depression might look too poor, but due to the low height of the vehicle it is actually enough for quite some not-so-hilly terrains. On gentle hills the T-69 can peek over safely, exposing only the turret for hull down, for example certain spots in Jungle and Frozen Pass. However, this gun depression is still not great in very hilly maps like Karelia, forcing the player to ditch the hull down tactic.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[ZPL94 (105 mm)|105 mm ZPL94]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 44 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+18° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 19.0 || 26.4 || 32.0 || 35.4 || 37.6 || rowspan="2" | 11.18 || rowspan="2" | 9.89 || rowspan="2" | 9.12 || rowspan="2" | 8.60
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 11.9 || 14.0 || 17.0 || 18.8 || 20.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The APFSDS round should be the primary choice of ammunition (if ammo costs are not a concern) as it has the highest muzzle velocity and is the most reliable. The HEATFS round may have more penetration on paper, but quite a few contemporary tanks have spaced, reactive, or even composite armour that can lessen its effectiveness or stop it entirely. Even against plain steel armour, the extra penetration compared to the APFSDS round is often overkill. It can also be prematurely detonated by bushes and fences. The HESH round has destructive post-penetration effects at the cost of awful ballistics and low penetration, in addition to being soundly countered by the aforementioned special armour types. The HEATFS and HESH rounds are capable of causing overpressure damage to lightly armoured targets due to their explosive content.

New to the Chinese arsenal is the DTB-1 HE-VT round. It has a proximity fuse against air targets, similar to the [[WZ305]]'s DKY-1 HE-VT rounds. The fuse only activates after 500 m of travel distance and has a trigger radius of 15 m. Since the T-69 II G does not have particularly good gun handling and the 825 m/s muzzle velocity is rather low, DTB-1 is best used against enemy helicopters as opposed to jet aircraft. It is ineffective against armoured ground targets because it only has 1.66 kg of TNT equivalent. In an emergency it can be fired at SPAAs and other lightly armoured vehicles in hopes of knocking them out with overpressure.

{{:ZPL94 (105 mm)/Ammunition|Type-83 HEAT, DTB-1, Type-83 HESH, Type-83 APDS}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''44''' || 42 ''(+2)'' || 38 ''(+6)'' || 34 ''(+10)'' || 22 ''(+22)'' || 20 ''(+24)'' || 1 ''(+43)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Ammo rack #5 is located in the left of the fighting compartment, opposite of ammo rack #3.

As mentioned before, the T-69 II G's ammo storage is not very tidy. Taking 38 rounds or less will empty the turret, which prevents turret penetrations from being fatal. Taking 20 rounds or less will empty the fighting compartment, leaving up to 19 rounds in the first-stage "wet" ammo rack (#6 in the diagram) next to the driver and 1 inside of the gun. This is the safest configuration, but emptying the fighting compartment completely is less of a concern since hull penetrations will typically cause a lot of damage to the T-69 regardless due to its cramped nature. Still, do not take more ammunition than necessary.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|Type 54 (12.7 mm)|SGMT (7.62 mm)}}
The T-69 features two MGs: one roof-mounted 12.7 mm heavy MG, and a 7.62 mm coaxial MG. The 12.7 mm MG, with its maximum penetration of around 30 mm, can do quite well against poorly armoured vehicles such as the R3 T20 / T106, and the AUBL 74. It can also damage or even destroy the opponent's gun barrel or track with around 5 seconds of continuous fire. Against low-flying aircraft it can easily get you some critical hits with the correct lead. However its magazine empties very quickly and it does not carry enough ammo for prolonged MG fire comparing to the infamous M2HB.

The 7.62 mm, on the other hand, can only damage fully exposed crew which are not commonly seen at this BR, or clear up light obstacles. Its low penetration greatly limits its usage in battles.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 54 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm Type 54]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 500 (50) || 600 || -4°/+82° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[SGMT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm SGMT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (250) || 600 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The T-69 II G is best played as a midfielder. It is better for close to medium range combat than the [[ZTZ59D1]], since the mobility is noticeably better and the turret rotation speed is literally twice as good (20 deg/s max vs. 10 deg/s max). Rushing headfirst into combat is still not optimal since it lags behind in these two parameters compared to Leopards, AMX-30s, or Type 74s. On the other hand, the lack of a thermal sight makes long distance sniping more difficult than with the 59D1.

Since there are contemporary thermal-equipped tanks available in the Chinese tree (the [[M60A3 TTS (China)|M60A3 TTS]] and ZTZ59D1), the T-69 II G is a good choice for a first spawn. It fares better in aggressive combat than these two tanks, which tends to happen in the earlier stages of the battle. At the start of a match, for safety reasons, follow behind speedy teammates when rushing a cap point and let them draw some fire, then locate the opponents and deliver some powerful APFSDS to them. The reason to do so is because there are always faster opponents (e.g. [[Type 74G]], [[KPz-70]], [[Leopard I]], etc) who do not cap the point first, rather they set up ambush next to a point and target whoever is coming, for example in complex maps like Cargo Port or Sweden. If you lead the rush, you will be their first victim. In the event that the T-69 is the fastest tank on the team, go for caps and keep a careful eye for enemies that might already be there or arrive shortly. Otherwise, the T-69 is a fairly rounded tank, so there are not many special strategies for it in particular. Always be on the lookout for speedy tanks like the [[Radkampfwagen 90]], which may pop out of nowhere with little warning. If the T-69 is destroyed, the M60A3 and ZTZ59D1 are good choices to switch to laid-back sniping.

Although the T-69 performs very poorly in night battles, it might still get some kills if you are willing to try. It is equipped with a night vision device which somewhat helps your vision. In a large, flat and open map, find a smooth crater to stay within so you only need to expose your turret. Then be patient, use the binoculars and scan the battlefield. A night battle with such maps usually result in the two teams sniping & flanking each other from across the map (1.5-2.5 km apart), so if you stay hidden you will not likely to get spotted/shot at by thermal-equipped tanks (e.g. [[Leopard A1A1 (L/44)]], Type 74G). Sniping is a safer option, as the T-69 does not have the mobility or good optics to flank effectively. With the help of your night vision device, projectiles should be fairly visible. Track where your teammates' shells land, that is usually where the enemies hide. You will see a sudden flash of the muzzle as an enemy fires, find out the range of the muzzle flash with your laser rangefinder, carefully adjust your aim and fire. The T-69's APFSDS retains an impressive penetration of 300+ mm over 2 km which is enough to frontally penetrate any tank you will face. Constantly pay attention to any markers on the screen and minimap, to minimise the possibility of getting flanked. Do not poke out and shoot if you must expose your entire tank, as that will make yourself a noticeable white patch for a thermal optic. However, regardless of how careful you play, getting sniped from across the map by hidden enemies is still a common occurrence, and the T-69 cannot really take a hit, though the ERA might save you from HEAT-FS/missile once or twice.

Since the T-69 is a premium tank, HE-VT rounds are available from the start and don't need to be unlocked. Look out for helicopters; players spawning in helicopters at the start of the game are mostly limited to unguided rockets for anti-tank usage. The T-69's ERA can eat up a few glancing rockets and a lucky hit from a HE-VT shell can cripple a helicopter, though another hit might be required to finish the job. Use the laser rangefinder to get an accurate distance measurement and remember that the fuse does not work under 500 m. Do not expect to survive ATGMs, and if one is fired at the T-69, try to destroy it with machine guns. Get used to the ballistics of the round and try to place it as close as possible to the target. If the round is triggered at the edge of the proximity fuse radius, it may not do any damage at all. It also helps to stay a bit behind the front lines and/or take advantage of hills since the gun elevation angles on this tank are not the greatest. Lastly, remember that this tank has a heavy machine gun, which will do good supplemental damage against lightly armoured helicopters.

'''Against the T-69 II G:'''

'''Wheeled/light tank''': vehicles such as [[Radkampfwagen 90]] and [[CV 90105 TML|CV 90105]] have superior top speed especially on road. You can easily get to the flank of the entire enemy team and shoot the side of the T-69. If you are equipped with thermal optics then this will be even easier, as non-thermal-capable tanks such as T-69 II G will usually be less aware of your location. In a close encounter, you can circle around the T-69 as it has poor hull traverse rate and rather slow turret traverse speed, meaning it might not be able to keep up with you. If your vehicle fires HEAT as its primary shell, avoid the frontal hull and turret cheeks where ERA blocks are present.

'''Medium/main battle tank''': It is easy to destroy a T-69 with a medium tank or a main battle tank like [[XM-1 (GM)|XM-1]] and [[Leopard A1A1 (L/44)|Leopard A1A1 L/44]], however care must be taken as the T-69 can also easily destroy you with its powerful APFSDS. Shoot at its fighting compartment or the hull below the turret for an instant kill, as that can knock out the entire turret crew. If the T-69 faces you frontally, aim for the right side of the hull. The shell will take out the driver, gunner and commander all together.

'''Heavy tank''': late war heavy tanks in a cold war/modern battlefield will feel outclassed, as their sturdy armour and punchy cannon that they were proud of are simply inferior in front of HEAT, APFSDS, spaced/composite armour, etc. Even the mightiest heavies like the [[Maus]] and [[M103]] are just moving punchbags for modern technology. Therefore, when dealing with a T-69, do not poke out unless it is distracted. Its APFSDS can easily penetrate you frontally. But you can pierce through its frontal armour easily too, and given that late-war heavy tanks are usually using explosive-packed shells, you will knock out T-69s with a single shot more often than your MBT teammates who use APFSDS shells.

'''SPAA''': almost no SPAA at this BR can frontally penetrate the T-69, but they are generally armed with fast-firing autocannons (e.g. [[M163]], [[Gepard]]), allowing them to quickly trash the T-69's components like the roof MG, tracks, or gun barrel. With these modules destroyed by you, your teammates get the chance to finish the T-69 off effortlessly. One exception is the [[Falcon]] with its high-penetrating shells, it can penetrate the sides of the T-69. It is also a good idea to sabotage its ERA blocks on the turret cheeks and upper frontal plate, so it is easy to kill for your teammates whose primary ammunition is HEAT/ATGMs. Do not forget to drop an artillery strike on an immobilised T-69 if you can.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Long-barreled ZPL94 cannon leads to higher muzzle velocity and APFSDS penetration
* Proximity fused HE shell is nice against helicopters
* Faster reload and better gun handling than comparable USSR or PRC tanks
* ERA offers good protection against chemical rounds that are commonly used by tanks like [[M551]]
* Nice and broad vision through the gunsight gives good situational awareness even when sniping
* Offers a range of different shells for different purposes: APFSDS, HE-VT, HEAT and HESH

'''Cons:'''

* Does not have thermal sights, only passive night vision
* Armour is not worth much against APFSDS
* Turret ERA does not cover the front (coaxial MG port & gunsight port), offering close to no chemical protection to the front
* Not particularly mobile; reverse speed in particular is quite slow
* Reload is still slower compared to western MBTs
* Poor gun depression greatly limits its capacity in hilly terrain.
* ERA only offers one-time protection, and upon getting hit, lots of ERA will get destroyed, not just one

== History ==


The [[Type 69]] was intended as an improved version of the [[Type 59]]. It featured a more powerful engine, two-plane stabilizer, night vision systems, and a 100 mm smoothbore gun, and production vehicles benefited from some technology reverse-engineered from [[T-62 545 (China)|a captured Soviet T-62]]. However, the Chinese military was not very satisfied with the initial Type 69 variants and only used them in small numbers.

The Type 69-II variant was ready by 1982. The main improvements were to the fire control system. The original Type 69 100 mm smoothbore gun, which was found to be rather underwhelming, was replaced with the Type 59's 100 mm cannon while retaining the stabilizer. Other differences included turret storage racks and side skirts. While the 69-II did not find much domestic use either, it was a success on the export market, being used extensively by Iraq, Pakistan, and other customers.

The Type 69-IIG was an export variant for Bangladesh. While background information about it is rather sparse, it featured a 105 mm ZPL94 cannon and a new gunner's sight that combined the day/night viewing modes and laser rangefinder. After entering Bangladeshi service, it was upgraded with a wide variety of new features, including third generation ERA protection, thermal imaging sights, gun-launched ATGM capability, and a much more powerful 850 hp engine. It continues to serve in the Bangladesh Army to the present day alongside several other Chinese export tanks, including the Type 59 and VT-1/Al-Khalid.

=== [[wt:en/news/6723-development-type-69-iig-asian-armadillo-en|Devblog]] ===
In 1975, China and Bangladesh established diplomatic relations and maintained a close relationship since. In 1989, Bangladesh purchased a large number of older Chinese Type 69-IIM tanks, which immediately entered service with the armed forces of Bangladesh.

Some time after their introduction to service with Bangladesh, the Chinese Type-69-IIMs underwent a major modernization program initiated by the Bangladeshi army with the support of Chinese companies. As a result, the vehicles received ERA protection, a modified domestic version of the well-known L7 105 mm cannon as well as an upgraded fire control system among other changes.

These upgraded vehicles became known under the designation 'Type 69-IIG' and the first units entered service in the mid 2000s. The Type 69-IIGs were first deployed in action as part of a response to an uprising which took place in Bangladesh's capital - Dhaka - in 2009. The vehicle has been in service with the armed forces of Bangladesh ever since and continues to serve to this day.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=cn_type_69_2g Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" caption="Devblog Images" heights="150">
File:Type 69-IIG WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:Type 69-IIG WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:Type 69-IIG WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:Type 69-IIG WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:Type 69-IIG WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:Type 69-IIG WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|B6ZsuPjSuNo|'''T-54/T-55 family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 6:24 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|-r5SXue4bTU|'''Should You Buy The {{PAGENAME}}?''' - ''Sako Sniper''|Tr-1BHTvokk|'''The Shooting Range #209''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:28 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|9P9u-govu9g|'''{{PAGENAME}} - The "Worthy" Replacement''' - ''JustinPlaysYT''|hhvt1jHt1rQ|'''{{PAGENAME}} - Worth It? - Tank Review''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==


* [[T-54/55 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6723-development-type-69-iig-asian-armadillo-en|[Devblog] T-69-IIG: Asian Armadillo]]

{{TankManufacturer Norinco}}
{{China medium tanks}}
{{China premium ground vehicles}}

Z20 Karl Galster

2023-07-31T13:07:46Z

U105837429: /* Primary armament */ Updated links

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_destroyer_class1936_z20_karlgalster
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced as a [[wt:en/news/5545-shop-fleet-cbt-announcement-pre-order-for-destroyers-and-discounts-for-existing-boat-pack-owners-en|premium pack]] in [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] as part of the fleet closed beta test. It was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/6542-shop-the-new-year-sale-en|2019 Winter sale]], but was shortly reintroduced for the [[wt:en/news/6694-shop-may-sale-in-war-thunder-en|2020 May Sale]] purchasable in-game for 6,090 Golden Eagles {{ge}}. It was once again made unavailable for purchase after the naval tech tree split in [[Update "New Power"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


The Z20 Karl Galster is not a very well protected destroyer. Unlike for example the [[Cowell (DD-547)]] (which possesses some armour) the Z20 has nothing to protect herself from enemy fire. The gun turrets are not fully shut (they are open at the back) which means that enemy HE fire will very easily knock out these turrets. However, armour doesn't really matter too much for a DD because they are too small to have effective armour anyway, but the Z20 feels very weak in terms of armour overall. If you play a [[Tashkent (leader)]] you will experience far more survivability because the crew members are better protected.

The bridge of the Z20 is poorly protected. You will often get hit because it's a tempting target for the enemy, and it will prevent you from steering the ship. Your ammo magazines have no armour at all but is under the waterline. This will prevent HE shells from detonating these magazines which gives the Z20 more survivability. Cruisers with their 155/203 mm AP shells are able to travel to these magazines and will result in a citadel detonation.

So what does make the Z20 a good destroyer? It's the speed and agility which makes her a great ship to play. Because you have good mobility you can move quickly and support the smaller ships. You are a good escort for cruisers as well but make sure you are not first in line! The mobility allows you to take effective evasive manoeuvres which makes you a hard target to shoot at. In combination with your main guns, you can be a pain for the enemy team.

The crew size of the Z20 consists of 323 people which is more than most of the other destroyers. However, this number can be deceiving. Again the Z20 has some weak protected parts where a lot of crew members can be knocked out if they are hit in that certain spot.

So the primary armament is quite weak in terms of protection and this should be noted. When your enemy lands an HE shot at the turret, a lot of crew members will be incapacitated and the gun will almost certainly be knocked out. The secondary armaments aren't better protected but there are less crew members so they will be knocked out, but the armaments themselves aren't knocked out very often.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


The powerplant of the Z20 consists of Six Wagner boilers to produce steam. This steam goes through two Wagner steam turbine sets, each driving one propeller shaft. This gives the Z20 69,000 shaft horsepower driving the ship through the seas with a speed of 36 knots (67 km/h; 41 mph) forward. The rudder is very good as well and gives you the ability to turn the ship quickly. The mobility is one of the things that make the Z20 a great destroyer.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|12.8 cm/45 SK C/34 (128 mm)}}

The Z20 has 5 x 12.8 cm/45 SK C/34 guns, two each superimposed, fore and aft of the superstructure. The fifth mount is positioned on top of the rear deckhouse, so there are 2 guns facing forward and 3 facing backward. This is a disadvantage in comparison to other destroyers. The [[HMCS Haida]] and [[Tashkent]] have two dual-mounted gun turrets at the front of the ship. This gives them the ability to go nose in and fire 4 shells in one salvo, so they don't suffer too much when they protect their broadside. The Z20 has to give some broadside to fire all 5 guns. You can compensate this problem by using the tactic of "kiting". Fire a salvo and go nose in. When your guns are almost done reloading, turn the ship again to fire all 5 guns and repeat. The rudder allows you to do this but it only works when you are actively sailing your ship.

Another disadvantage is that you only have 5 guns. The [[HMCS Haida]], [[Tashkent]], [[IJN Akizuki]], [[USS Sumner]] and others all have 6 or 8 guns. You only have 5 guns which puts you in a difficult position when knife fighting these destroyers. So the best thing you can do is to make sure you pick the fight, not the enemy. This is quite hard but use the terrain and your teammates to fight the enemies. Do not ever try to destroy a cruiser with your guns. There is no hope you can take a cruiser on your own with your guns. You will do minimal damage and the cruiser will destroy you quite easily. Only when you can perform a torpedo strike, go for the cruisers. But make sure it will have success. If you are sailing with another cruiser, you can support him by shooting at the enemy cruiser but make sure you are second or third in line.

The guns don't have the best firing arcs. You can only hit targets effectively under the range of 8 km. If the distance becomes greater than 8 km the shell will take 16 seconds to reach the target. You will have a minimal chance of getting a hit and you will waste ammo.

As for ammo, you can take 600 pieces maximum. The Z20 comes with 3 types of ammo: Sprgr. L/4.4 Kpf.Z, Sprgr. L/4.4 Bd.Z and the Sprgr. L/4.4 Zt.Z. So the Kpf.Z shell is the high-explosive shell and will do the most damage to most of the ships. It is recommended to take about 400 shells of the Kpf.Z because this is the shell you will be firing most of the time, and about 200 shells of the Bd.Z because these can penetrate cruisers more effectively if needed. The Zt.Z shell is only useful against planes but the main guns of the Z20 don't allow you to fire effectively against planes, and it is almost completely useless against ships.

{{:12.8 cm/45 SK C/34 (128 mm)/Ammunition|12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Kpf.Z, 12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Bd.Z, 12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Zt.Z}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|FlaK-Lafette C/36 (37 mm)}}

The secondary armament consists of 4 x 3.7 cm (1.5 in) SK C/30. These guns are very good at shredding patrol boats and are a great addition to the Z20. They fire quickly for 3.7 cm guns. They can also act as AA guns very effectively. Because they can fire both at boats and planes, it's recommended to use the Universal belt. This belt consists of both HE shells (for the planes) and AP shells (for the patrol boats and other destroyers). You can also select the AP belt (3 times AP and 1 HE) or the HE belt (3 times HE and 1 AP). There is no need to take manual control of the secondaries because the AI does the job quite well, and if you let the AI fire the main guns, you will lose effectiveness.

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}
* '''37 mm HE clips:''' {{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''37 mm APT clips:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}

{{:FlaK-Lafette C/36 (37 mm)/Ammunition|HEF-I, AP-T}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|2 cm/65 C/38 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakzwilling 38 (20 mm)}}

Unlike other ships of the Type 1936 class (which the Z20 belongs to), the Z20 has reinforced AA armament. So the 4 x 3.7 cm (1.5 in) SK C/30 guns act as AA, but the Z20 also has: 8 x 2 cm (0.8 in) Flakzwilling 38, a single-mount 2 cm C/38 cannon, and a quadruple 2 cm Flak 30/Flakvierling. This gives the Z20 some solid AA so you have the ability to shoot down planes very effectively. You can either select a Universal belt (2 HE, 2 AP), AP belt (1 HE, 3 AP) or an HE belt (3 HE, 1 AP), although only the HE belt will see much use because these guns will typically only be used to shoot down planes.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|G7a (533 mm)}}

The Z20 is equipped with 2 x quadruple 53.3 cm (21.0 in) torpedo tubes which carry the G7a torpedo. This torpedo has a speed of 81 km/h and a maximum range of 6 km. It takes 50 m to arm the torpedo. On-board is 358.4 kg TNT which causes a significant blow.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very fast for a destroyer (86 km/h or 46 knots AB, 71 km/h or 38 knots RB)
* Quick reload speed with on-board guns
* Good self defence anti-aircraft capability
* 37 mm AA guns are of the fully automatic type, not the semi-automatic type you'd find on other German ships
* Has a slim profile
* Strong secondaries against smaller ships

'''Cons:'''

* Main guns lack AP rounds (only HE, HE Base Fuse, HE-DF)
* Shells don't have much filler for their calibre
* Torpedoes are slow and have sub-par warheads
* Quite a squishy ship
* Only has 5 main guns
* Gun turrets are exposed to HE shrapnel

== History ==

Z20 Karl Galster was the fourth of six ships of the 1936 class destroyers laid down in the DeSchiMAG shipyard in Bremen. She was laid down on 14 September 1937 and completed in March 1939. Being part of the final German destroyer class to receive names after WWI sailors, captains, and admirals, the Z20 was also named in honour of Captain Karl Galster. Captain Karl Galster was the commander of the S22 torpedo boat in WWI, who went down with his ship after striking a mine while intercepting a squadron of British ships, including HMS Vindex, near the island of Sylt. During WWII, Z20 Karl Galster took part in various mine-laying operations in the English channel and Baltic sea as well as taking part in the invasion of Denmark and Norway as part of the Operation "Weserübung". Although the war had claimed her other five sister ships, Karl Galster survived right up until the very end of the war, helping in evacuating German soldiers from coastline ports scattered around the Baltic during the last few days of WWII.

After the German surrender on 8 May 1945, Z20 returned to her homeport of Kiel and surrendered to the British. However, her career was not over just yet. In 1946, Z20 Karl Galster was given to the Soviet Union as a war prize and was subsequently renamed to Prochny. She would serve under Soviet command for another decade, until 1956, before being decommissioned ultimately scrapped in the 1950s.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5546-fleet-development-z20-karl-galster-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_destroyer_class1936_z20_karlgalster Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|neFsLnNSatw|'''Premium Vehicles: Z20 Karl Galster''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''|zCiYZGT9Ipc|'''The Shooting Range #102''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:48 discusses the Type 1936 destroyer Z20 Karl Galster.}}

== See also ==


;[[Type 1936 (Family)|Related development]]
* [[Z22 Anton Schmitt]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5546-fleet-development-z20-karl-galster-en|[Devblog] Z20 Karl Galster]]

{{ShipManufacturer DeSchiMAG}}
{{Germany destroyers}}
{{Germany premium ships}}

Neustrashimy

2023-07-31T12:57:28Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability update

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_destroyer_pr41_neustrashimy
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]]. Originally a GE {{ge}} premium, it was removed from sale due to the [[wt:en/news/6915-development-fleet-research-changes-and-the-first-battleships|fleet research changes]] in [[Update "New Power"]]. It was briefly made available for purchase with Golden Eagles {{ge}} for the [[wt:ru/news/15831-akciya-den-vmf-rossii-ru|2022]] and [[wt:en/news/8377-special-stroyny-and-neustrashimy-for-golden-eagles-en|2023]] "Russian Navy Day" mini-events.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

As the father of the Pr. 56, the armour is lacklustre and will be only able to withstand low calibre fire and small amounts of explosive fragmentation. The bridge, turrets and smoke funnels have 10 mm anti fragmentation armour, meaning they will be prompt to be damaged or even destroyed by 12.7 mm or 20 mm armour piercing rounds. When it comes to components, it is almost impossible to make an ammo explosion in the Pr. 41 as the ammunition is below the waterline, meaning only armour piercing rounds impacting below the waterline or torpedoes will be able to create an ammo explosion. When it comes to air threats (machine gun strafes, rockets, bombs), the Pr. 41 will be able to survive them with some exceptions of bombs. Bombs that land in a 0-40 m radius of the ships can cause fatal damage (it will also depend on the type of bomb, weight, TNT equivalent, etc).

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The Pr. 41, as a "modern" destroyer of 1955, changes completely the doctrine of previous destroyers, meaning it compensates armour with speed. It is not able to reach speeds like the Pr. 56 due to being longer and heavier while using the same engines. However, it can reach speeds of ~65 km/h, making it terrifyingly fast for a ship of its size and firepower, almost on par with coastal fleet frigates and sub-chasers ([[Albatros]], [[SKR-7]], etc). It is more than capable of reaching the battlefield faster than other destroyers and will outrun cruisers and battleships. When it comes to manoeuvrability, it leaves nothing to expect. It is able to do tight turns (relatively tight turns but with greater speed than other destroyers) as well as accelerate and decelerate quickly.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|130 mm/58 SM-2-1 (130 mm)}}

The Pr. 41 is armed with 4 x 130 mm/58 SM-2-1 semi automatic cannons divided into 2 dual-mount turrets, capable of decimating enemy vessels in seconds, including heavy cruisers. The 130 mm cannons have access to 3 types of shells, HE, SAPCBC and HE-VT. It is recommended that the captain gets access to the SAPCBC as it has the penetration of an APCBC shell but the explosive power of an HE shell. HE-VT are an extra when it comes to air defence. They will decimate any enemy plane with an airbust but they are only recommended to be used when attacking low speed aircraft (like bombers) at long ranges (past 10 km) as the relative low fire rate (15 RPM) and targeting speed will cause issues engaging faster aircraft (fighters or even attackers). It should be noted the 130 mm can be used with the tracking radar the destroyer has.

{{:130 mm/58 SM-2-1 (130 mm)/Ammunition|130 mm OF-42 HE, 130 mm PB-42 SAP, 130 mm ZS-42R HE-VT}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|45 mm/89 SM-20-ZIF (45 mm)}}

The Pr. 41 is armed with 16 x 45 mm/89 SM-20-ZIF automatic cannons divided into 4 quad-mounted turrets, capable of shredding anything but cruisers. It should be noted that the turrets displacement is different to the Pr. 56. While the Pr. 56 has the turrets in a cross shape (+, a turret in front of the bridge behind the bow turret, two turrets parallel to the bridge and a final turret behind the bridge), the Pr. 41 have this turrets parallel (=) to the ship's bridge. This displacement, while being a minor difference, change how the 45 mm can be used. The parallel arrange makes the 45 mm capable of firing completely in front or behind of the ship without having a dead zone due to 130 mm turrets blocking your LoS (line of sight). The 45 mm cannons only have access to HE, meaning they will do little to no damage to heavily armoured targets even at point blank range. The 45 mm are your main line of defence against light and medium armoured vessels as the fast rate of fire (0.4-second reload) will cause fatal damage with even just one burst. They are also your main line of defence against any aircraft at any range from 0 to 10 km (AI gunners will not engage targets past ~10 km. It is also the max range of the tracking radar). They will destroy incoming enemy aircraft within seconds. The captain is able to control them manually and use the tracking radar to engage air targets manually. It is recommended to let the AI gunners engage the targets when the threat is closer than 5 km as the captain will be able to focus on more threatening enemies (other vessels or even aircraft). When letting AI gunners engage targets, be aware of which targeting setting is set (airborne and surface, airborne, surface, none) as each turret will only engage one target at a time.

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T*|High-explosive fragmentation tracer (self-destroying)}}

{{:45 mm/89 SM-20-ZIF (45 mm)/Ammunition|HEF-T*, HEF}}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|53-39 (533 mm)|RBU-2500}}

The Pr. 41 is armed with 2 5-tube torpedo launchers. Contrary to the Pr. 56, the Pr. 41 is armed with the 53-39 torpedoes and not 53-56 torpedoes. They have a max range of 4 km (10 km with torpedo mode) and can be used at almost point blank, the torpedo must travel 50 m at minimum to be armed (most of the time "point blank" engagements will be between 100-500 m). Depending on the map, game mode and captain's discretion, torpedo depth can be adjusted in order to achieve multiple tasks.

'''1-meter depth''' - This is the most universal depth used for all types of engagements, being in deep water or at shallow waters. This depth is capable of hitting all sorts of vessels, including PT boats. The main downside is that enemy ships can see the water trail made by the torpedo which can make enemy vessels evade or fire at the torpedo.

'''4-meter depth''' - This is the recommended depth when on deep water trying to do long range sneaky engagements to big ships (most of them have bulkheads more than 4 m under the waterline). This is one of the riskier techniques as there is no way to launch them on shallow waters (most shallow water maps have water depth of 2-3 m). Only the captain and the team will be able to see the torpedo symbol while traveling close to them and it will not leave any visible water trail compared to the 1 meter depth torpedo.

The Pr. 41 rounds off the armament with four RBU-2500 anti-submarine rocket launchers, each carrying 12 rockets to total 48. As being rockets they have a limited effective engagement range, high arcs of fire and are very hard to aim in conjunction with primary weapons, however should a small boat decide to get too close or should you decide to engage a target at point-blank range, the barrage of 26 kg warheads smashing into the superstructure and hull of the hostile ship will almost certainly cripple it, if not outright sink it.

=== Radar ===
[[File:Radar interface Pr. 35.png|thumb|Pr. 41 radar display. Dark green: within targeting radar angle Light green: targeting radar dead zone]]
The Pr. 41 has access to a Fut-N air/surface search radar and Sfera-56 fire control radar, unique for this vessel. The Fut-N is located on top of the mizzen mast (rear mast). Sfera-56 in front of the main mast is located on top of the bridge (refer to picture). Enemy pilots are often unaware of the presence of the radar as they are uncommon in-game, use surprise to your advantage. Radars can give you a huge advantage with situational awareness as no plane will be able to catch you unsuspected. Be aware of radar interference (mountains, trees, tall structures in general) as they will affect both your search and tracking radar. There are blind spots with the radars which pilots can exploit but most of them will not do so as radars are uncommon in battles. As previously stated, tracking radar can be used to manually engage targets. It is recommended to use tracking radar when engaging immediate threats the gunners are not engaging or low speed flying aircraft at long ranges (bombers). Most of the time, the use of tracking radar will not be necessary as gunners will take care of aircraft while the captain is engaging enemy vessels.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" |Fut-N - Air/surface Search Radar
|-
!{{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
!{{Annotation|Guaranteed Detection Range|The range, below which, detection of a target is practically guaranteed}}
!{{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
!{{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
|-
| 120,000 m || 10,000 m || 360° || 0°/+75°
|-
! colspan="4" |Sfera-56 - Fire Control Radar
|-
!{{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
!{{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
!{{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
!{{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 10,000 m || 100 m || 315° || 0°/+80°
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Pr. 41 is a Cold War destroyer and thus, it should not be used as a WW2 destroyer as the armour is lacklustre and RPM is limited compared to some cruisers and destroyers. Thus, the Pr. 41 should be used as a support and anti-air ship. The powerful 130 mm are able to decimate destroyers and even cruisers in minutes, specially if the SAP round is used. The high speed and agility make it a decent runner when facing enemy ships and capping points. The torpedo can be formidable if used correctly, not only for the fact they are able to destroy whatever it hits but also because they are hard to aim due to the distances the Pr. 41 has to navigate in order to get into a decent launch distance. The 45 mm should be used as secondary weapons for everything but sinking heavily armoured ships. They are able to decimate light vessels in seconds as well as planes. For this same reason, the Pr. 41 should be used as an anti-air flagship as it is able to detect and engage enemy planes in a range of 130 km. Absolutely no aircraft will surprise the Pr. 41 while the search radar is active. The Pr. 41, when used in Enduring Confrontation events, is the most reliable and "Jack-of-all-trades" ship seen in-game. Not only because it is able to dominate the skies but also because it is able to decimate enemy convoys within seconds with the firepower and torpedoes, specially if said convoys are unarmed cargo ships.

Absolutely no battleship should be engaged with the 130 mm as they are mediocre and most of the time useless. However, they can damage and destroy outer modules like turrets, bridge, and smoke funnels, and can start fires. When facing heavily armoured vessels, torpedoes are a must as they will be your only reliable weapon against them. The Pr. 41 should zig-zag when being fired at as a single salvo is more than enough to instantly destroy you. Zig-zagging reduces the chances the enemy has to hit and due to the long reload, the Pr. 41 is able to close distance and fire torpedoes.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Radar lock makes it easier for player to target aircraft with the primary and secondary weapons
* Rather small profile for its battle rating - more difficult to hit

'''Cons:'''

* Light armour protection is insufficient against common opponents

== History ==


=== [[wt:en/news/6649-development-the-neustrashimy-destroyer-a-superdestroyer-en|Devblog]] ===
On January 26th, 1952, a Project 41 destroyer named Andrey Aleksandrovich Zhdanov embarked on sea trials from the Leningrad Shipyard. It was the first of more than a hundred planned ships that were intended for operation in distant maritime zones.

But this impressive major ship series did not see the light of day, and not because the ship proved to be bad. In fact, it was the opposite! The Neustrashimy was so "stuffed" with multiple innovations that it proved to be too complex for the shipbuilding enterprises of the time, as well as for its operators, the navy. For this reason, the ship was converted into a platform for testing various naval innovations and modernisations. In 1960, one of these innovations practically doubled the number of 45 mm automatic anti-aircraft guns.

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_destroyer_pr41_neustrashimy Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:PR.41 Neustrashimy WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:PR.41 Neustrashimy WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:PR.41 Neustrashimy WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:PR.41 Neustrashimy WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:PR.41 Neustrashimy WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:PR.41 Neustrashimy WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
</gallery>

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6649-development-the-neustrashimy-destroyer-a-superdestroyer-en|[Devblog] The Neustrashimy destroyer: a "superdestroyer"]]

{{ShipManufacturer Zhdanov Shipyard}}
{{USSR destroyers}}
{{USSR premium ships}}

Stroyny

2023-07-31T12:56:42Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability update

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_destroyer_7y_stroyny
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced as a [[wt:en/news/5666-fleet-development-soviet-navy-and-the-stroyny-destroyer-en|premium pack]] during [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] and was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/6263-shop-war-thunder-summer-sale-en|2019 Summer sale]]. It was made available for purchase with Golden Eagles {{ge}} for the [[wt:en/news/6291-event-russian-navy-day-en|2019 "Russian Navy Day"]] mini-event until it was removed from in-game sale after the [[wt:en/news/6915-development-fleet-research-changes-and-the-first-battleships-en|split of naval into Bluewater and Coastal trees]] in [[Update "New Power"]]. It was briefly made available for purchase with Golden Eagles {{ge}} for the [[wt:ru/news/15831-akciya-den-vmf-rossii-ru|2022]] and [[wt:en/news/8377-special-stroyny-and-neustrashimy-for-golden-eagles-en|2023]] "Russian Navy Day" mini-events.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

Overall the armour on the Pr. 7U is mediocre and practically useless. Calibres from 30 mm and higher will have no problem with penetrating the armour and causing damages. Due to crew count, it is able to withstand a relative amount of time under heavy combat. However, heavy combat is unadvised in ships like the Pr. 7U considering your armour is lacklustre. When it comes to components, it is almost impossible to make an ammo explosion as the ammunition is below the waterline, meaning only armour piercing rounds fired below the waterline or torpedoes will be able to create an ammo explosion. When it comes to air threats (machine guns strafes, rockets, bombs), the Pr. 7U will be able to survive them with some exceptions of bombs. Bombs that land in a 0-40 m radius of the ships can cause fatal damage (it will also depend on the type of bomb, weight, TNT equivalent, etc).

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

Mobility-wise, the Pr. 7U is nothing we have not seen before, ~65 km/h top speed with really wide and slow turning radius. Soviet destroyers (until the Pr.56) are not known for being fast and should not use speed as primary advantage.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|B-13 (130 mm)}}

The Stroyny carries four 130 mm B-13 single mountings, with two turrets ahead of the superstructure and two behind. The B-13 cannon is shared by most WWII-era destroyers of the Soviet fleet, and is a very potent weapon. However, the main flaw with this weapon is its absolutely horrid turret rotation speed of 4.2 degrees / second vertically and horizontally. This means that you have to turn the turrets very early to be able to engage effectively. The guns themselves shoot accurately and have a high initial velocity (870 m/s compared to 790 m/s for the American 5"/38 guns). However, this comes at the expense of reload speed, as the manually-loaded weapons can only fire at 10 rounds per minute (RPM) with a spaded crew, compared to 22 RPM for the American 5"/38. In fact, this fire rate is slower than everything except for the Japanese and Italian 5" guns, which have a similar fire rate.

The guns themselves have access to three shell types: the OF-46 high-explosive (HE) shell, the PB-46A semi armour-piercing (SAPBC) shell, and the ZS-46R proximity-fuzed (HE-VT) shell. Of these weapons, the HE shell is usually the best against enemy destroyers and ships as it packs the most explosive filler, 3.58 kilograms of it to be exact. The SAPBC shell works better against the occasional cruiser you may encounter, as it packs more penetration capacity (up to 179 mm compared to 36 mm for the HE shell). Finally, the HE-VT shell is good against aircraft as it will explode when close enough to the enemy aircraft, meaning that it doesn't require a direct hit. However, it actually packs less explosive filler than the normal HE shell, which is unusual for any HE-VT shell. Combined with the horrible traverse rate, this means the guns aren't particularly suited for anti-aircraft duties.

{{:B-13 (130 mm)/Ammunition|130 mm OF-46 HE, 130 mm PB-46A SAPBC, 130 mm ZS-46R HE-VT}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|34-K (76 mm)}}

The Stroyny carries three 76 mm (3-inch) 34-K mountings in single mounts, all at the rear - one additional mount than its tech-tree cousin, the [[Soobrazitelny]]. The 34-K is also shared by most WWII-era Soviet ships, and gives you a potent secondary weapon that is of a relatively high calibre. This gun has a high fire rate of 27 rounds per minute (2.2-second reload), which can be decreased to 1.1 seconds with a full crew. The weapon itself is decent at closer ranges, but isn't a particularly effective anti-aircraft weapon as it inherits the extremely weak Soviet traverse rate. The single mountings themselves are only capable of traversing at 10 degrees per second, marginally faster than guns of cruiser calibre (6 inch+) of other nations.

The gun itself has access to three main shell types - the O-361K high-explosive (HE) shell, the O-361D time-fuzed (HE-TF) shell, and the BR-361 armour-piercing (APHEBC) shell. Of these rounds, the HE is almost always the best against enemy boats as it has the most explosive filler, and consequently, does the most damage. The HE-TF round is slightly worse as it detonates on a timed fuze, meaning the accuracy of the shell depends on crew skills. Finally, the APHEBC shells are rarely usable due to their low damage potential. For good measure, bring mostly HE, and a bit of HE-TF and APHEBC just in case the situation arises.

{{:34-K (76 mm)/Ammunition|76 mm O-361K, 76 mm O-361D, 76 mm BR-361}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|37 mm/67 70-K (37 mm)|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

The Stroyny actually has less anti-aircraft armament than the tech-tree Pr. 7U, but still more than enough to defend itself from any airborne threats.

The primary backbone of the Stroyny's anti-aircraft armament are it's six 37 mm 70-K anti aircraft guns. The 70-K is the standard Soviet anti-aircraft gun and serves as a reliable counterpart to the 40 mm Bofors gun used by the allied nations. This gun is extremely similar to the Bofors as it features a similar design, and fires continuously rather than needing to reload. The guns will eventually jam, but the time it takes to jam the weapons is very long so jamming is not a great issue. The weapon does not get access to belts, but the default one is very suited for ripping small ships or aircraft into shreds.

The Stroyny also carries four 12.7 mm DShK guns in single mountings. The 12.7 mm DShK machine gun is a heavy machine gun, similar to the M2 Browning used by the Americans and the Vickers guns used by the British. This gun fires from a fixed 50-round magazine and will need to be reloaded after the magazine is expended. The gun itself is rather mediocre, and will struggle to hit targets reliably at ranges exceeding 1.5 km. As well, the weapon doesn't do damage particularly well, considering that it is of a lower calibre. The Stroyny does not get access to any ammunition belt upgrades - the default one is the only belt available.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|53-38 (533 mm)|BB-1 depth charge}}

The Stroyny gets access to six 53-38 torpedoes in two triple mounts with no reloads. The 53-38 torpedo is also found on most other Soviet WWII-era destroyers, and is relatively mediocre as far as torpedoes go. In terms of damage-dealing capabilities, the torpedo is decidedly mediocre, having more explosive filler (300 kg of TNT) than the American torpedoes but less than the British and Japanese ones. However, the main drawback of the torpedo is it's range - without the "torpedo mode" modification, the 53-38s are restricted to a range of just 4 km, meaning that they are tied for the shortest-range bluewater-ship mounted torpedoes along with the Italian destroyer torpedoes. The torpedo mode modification is necessary for hitting longer-ranged targets, but reduces the torpedo's speed to just 56 km/h. In general, these torpedoes are a potent weapon against enemy bluewater ships, but lack the range to do significant damage without the "torpedo mode" modification.

The Stroyny can bring two BB-1 large depth charges, but these weapons are almost entirely useless as you will never get close enough to the enemy to be able to use them. Thus, they essentially serve as extra explosive content on deck, and provide little extra armament in exchange for an increased chance of ammunition (depth charge) detonation. In general, it is not recommended to bring them.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

Stroyny was one of the final ships from the renowned Type 7 series. In fact, she hadn't even undergone the required tests before the start of the war. With only one commissioned engine, Stroyny proceeded to the Ust-Izhora shipyard and engaged the German troops assaulting Leningrad. While the city was under siege, the destroyer's crew laid down continuous fire on the enemy positions and provided fire support to the Red Army troops breaking through the blockade. According to the official data, Stroyny's primary armament fired a whole 5,424 rounds on the enemy during the Siege of Leningrad! Due to such intense levels of fire, the ship's gun liners – the special insertable tubes with cuts that are used in gun barrels – had to be changed twice. After the blockade was broken, Stroyny was stationed in Leningrad, where it remained until the war was over. In the post-war period, the destroyer was converted into a rescue vessel and later on used as a target ship. Stroyny was retired from military service in 1965.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5666-fleet-development-soviet-navy-and-the-stroyny-destroyer-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_destroyer_7y_stroyny Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development
* [[Pr.7 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5666-fleet-development-soviet-navy-and-the-stroyny-destroyer-en|[Devblog] Soviet Navy and the Stroyny Destroyer]]

{{ShipManufacturer Zhdanov Shipyard}}
{{USSR destroyers}}
{{USSR premium ships}}

Panthere

2023-06-27T13:51:33Z

U105837429: /* See also */ Type link

{{Specs-Card
|code=fr_destroyer_jaguar_class_panthere
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} French destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "La Royale"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|130 mm/40 model 1919 (130 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

{{:130 mm/40 model 1919 (130 mm)/Ammunition|130 mm OEA Mle 1932, 130 mm OPFA Mle 1923}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|37 mm/50 model 1933 (37 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

{{:37 mm/50 model 1933 (37 mm)/Ammunition|37 mm OEA Mle 1925}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|Model 1929 Hotchkiss (13.2 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.VII depth charge|Model 1923DT (550 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''
*

'''Cons:'''
*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
;[[Type 1936 (Family)|Related development]]
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{France destroyers}}
{{France premium ships}}

Z47

2023-06-27T13:51:10Z

U105837429: /* See also */ Type link

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_destroyer_class1936c_z47
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Apex Predators"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|SK C/41 (128 mm)}}

The Z47 has 6 x 12.8 cm SK C/41 guns mounted on twin turrets, one fore and two aft of the superstructure. Four of the six guns are located aft, so to bring all guns to bear the Z47 has to present a broadside.

Derived from the land based 12.8 cm FlaK 40, the SK C/41 has identical performance to the 12.7 cm SK C/34 guns present on most German destroyers. Any player familiar with the ballistics of the SK C/34 will feel at home with the Z47's main armament.

The Z47 has one of the fastest firing rates of destroyer guns in the game, with a whopping 20 rounds per minute with first stage ammunition, and 18 rounds per minute after the first stage ammunition has been depleted. The first-stage ammunition holds about 20 rounds per gun. Z47's main battery can tear apart destroyers and even overwhelm cruisers with the volume of fire it can put out.

The turrets have a traverse and elevation speed of 8.5 degrees per second, which is very sluggish. Both forward and rear turrets have a 150 degree traverse radius, with a relatively high elevation at +50 degrees and -10 degrees of gun depression. The Z47's dual-purpose turrets, unique among German destroyers can be utilized more effectively as anti-aircraft batteries, though its sluggish traverse may prove to be frustrating.

You can carry up to 720 shells. Z47 doesn't have a lot of ammunition choices, with the only available shells being normal HE and time fuzed HE. The HE shell is your go to for every match. It has decent explosive filler and muzzle velocity of 830 m/s. The time fuze shell is identical in every way except that it has a time fuze, which makes it somewhat useful against aircraft; while it may lack the accuracy of the proximity fuze shells of American and British destroyers, it is made up for by the gun's reload time and high elevation.

{{:SK C/41 (128 mm)/Ammunition|12.8 cm Spgr. L/4.5 Kz (mHb), 12.8 cm Spgr. L/4.5 Zt.Z (mHb)}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|FlaK-Lafette C/36 (37 mm)}}

The secondary armament consists of 7 twin-mounted 3.7 cm Flak autocannons. This is one of the heaviest secondary armaments of any destroyer in the game.

The 3.7 cm Flak has excellent muzzle velocity, giving it a large effective range. With similar range and velocity as the 12.8 cm guns, they can be used to great effect against surface targets such as PT boats and frigates. It can also considerably damage destroyers, peppering the superstructure and disabling enemy turrets due to its high rate of fire.

They are also excellent AA guns, with a large explosive mass. Any shell that hits a plane will turn it to flying wreck.

The Universal belt is the best belt for the 3.7 cm Flak, with a balance between HE and AP shells, perfect for surface and air targets.

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}
* '''37 mm HE clips:''' {{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''37 mm APT clips:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}

{{:FlaK-Lafette C/36 (37 mm)/Ammunition|HEF-I, AP-T}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakzwilling 38 (20 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|G7a (533 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very fast rate of fire with the main guns
* 50 degrees of gun elevation allows the main guns to fire against enemy aircraft
* Extremely heavy AA armament for a ship of its size
* Comes with armour covering most of the ship and the ammo elevators
* Relatively large crew of 320 allows it to survive longer in a firefight
* Carries 12 torpedoes, more than any German destroyer
* Large secondary armament effective against surface and air targets

'''Cons:'''

* Sluggish turret traverse for the main battery
* Two of the three turrets are located aft, needs to reveal broadside to fire all guns
* Vulnerable to cruisers
* Thin armour provides little protection against SAP and AP shells
* No proximity fuze for the 12.8 cm HE shells limiting effectiveness against aircraft
* Lack of any armour piercing ammunition makes it hard to kill heavily armoured ships
* Slower than contemporary destroyers

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_destroyer_class1936c_z47 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

;[[Type 1936 (Family)|Related development]]
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany destroyers}}
{{Germany premium ships}}

Z46

2023-06-27T13:50:50Z

U105837429: /* See also */ Type link

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_destroyer_class1936c_z46
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "La Royale"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|SK C/41 (128 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

{{:SK C/41 (128 mm)/Ammunition|12.8 cm Spgr. L/4.5 Kz (mHb), 12.8 cm Spgr. L/4.5 Zt.Z (mHb)}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|FlaK-Lafette C/36 (37 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}
* '''37 mm HE clips:''' {{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''37 mm APT clips:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}

{{:FlaK-Lafette C/36 (37 mm)/Ammunition|HEF-I, AP-T}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|2 cm/65 C/38 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|EMC mine|G7a (533 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''
*

'''Cons:'''
*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
;[[Type 1936 (Family)|Related development]]
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany destroyers}}

Z43

2023-06-27T13:50:33Z

U105837429: /* See also */ Type link

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_destroyer_class1936b
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.93 "Shark Attack"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility
|SpeedForwardStockAB = 62
|SpeedBackStockAB = 23
|TurnTimeStockAB = 135.9
|TurnSpeedStockAB = 44
}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|12.8 cm/45 SK C/34 (128 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

{{:12.8 cm/45 SK C/34 (128 mm)/Ammunition|12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Kpf.Z, 12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Bd.Z, 12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Zt.Z}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|SK C/30 (37 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

{{:SK C/30 (37 mm)/Ammunition|37 mm Spgr L/4.1 Lh 37, 37 mm Psgr L'spur Zerl}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|2 cm/65 C/38 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}
{{main|G7a (533 mm)|WBG depth charge}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''
*

'''Cons:'''
*

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_destroyer_class1936b Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
;[[Type 1936 (Family)|Related development]]
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{ShipManufacturer DeSchiMAG}}
{{Germany destroyers}}

Z32

2023-06-27T13:50:07Z

U105837429: /* See also */ Type link

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_destroyer_class1936a_mob_z32
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The Z32 offers very little additional protection except the basic hull with 16 mm of steel armour and a superstructure with 8 mm of steel armour. The gun shields on the single 15 cm mounts are 12.7 mm thick and the gun shields on the 20 mm Flakvierlings measure 8 mm of armour, therefore only offering protection from small calibre machine gun fire.

The only significantly armoured part of the ship is the twin 15 cm turret on the front, with around 30 mm of armour frontally and 20 mm on the sides, offering enough protection to resist some early destroyer rounds, thus making it last longer in bow-in engagements.

Having no additional armour means most cannon, autocannon and even machine gun equipped ships can punch through its hull, meaning this destroyer isn't any more survivable than its predecessors in terms of armour.

A small difference, however, is the slightly larger crew complement with 343 men, even surpassing the complement of the [[Z22 Anton Schmitt]] with 323 crew, and making this the 3rd highest destroyer crew count after the [[USS Sumner]] and the [[Leningrad]].

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


{{NavalMobility
|SpeedForwardStockAB = 61.5
|SpeedBackStockAB = 23
|TurnTimeStockAB = 126.7
|TurnSpeedStockAB = 43
}}

A larger gun calibre whilst retaining the same number of guns as on the regular Type 1936 results in a displacement of 3,597 tons and a speed of around 68 km/h, making the ship slightly slower than its predecessors, although hardly noticeable.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|15 cm/48 KC/36 (150 mm)}}

The main armament of the Z32 comes in the form of 5 powerful 15 cm/48 KC/36 cannons, in 3 single mounts aft and one twin mount at the front. The large calibre of these cruiser guns result in a rather slow reload of 7.5 seconds and therefore a maximum of 8 rounds per minute. This however is compensated by the large amount of explosive filler and shrapnel the shells release on impact, as well as the noticeably better muzzle velocity retention, giving a much easier time aiming at longer ranges.
[[File:Type 1936A Weapons.png|thumb|350px|Weapon placements: 15cm main guns (red), torpedo launchers (green), 3.7 cm secondary weapons (yellow) and 2 cm anti-air cannons (blue)]]
The turret traverse of a mere 10°/sec for the single mounts, and 7°/sec for the twin mount encourages a more careful approach to targets at longer range, as a quick turn with the guns at close range is simply not possible.

The HE shell has a TNT equivalent of 3.91 kg and a muzzle velocity of 835 m/s, making it a great choice for medium ranges against destroyers of any kind.

The second shell type, a semi-armour piercing capped shell, has good penetration, a TNT equivalent of 3.32 kg and a muzzle velocity of 835 m/s. Furthermore, this is the only destroyer shell able to reliably threaten a large portion of cruisers at ranges of 5,000 m. An accurate player will be able to ammorack most early interwar cruisers, or at least cripple them severely.

The last shell, an HE with time fuse, can be used against aircraft if aimed carefully.

{{:15 cm/48 KC/36 (150 mm)/Ammunition|15 cm Spgr. L/4.5 Kz (m.Hb), 15 cm Spgr. L/4.4 Bdz (m.Hb), 15 cm Spgr. L/4.5 Zt.Z}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|SK C/30 (37 mm)}}

The secondary armament is provided with 2 twin 3.7 cm SK C/30 mounts, both in the middle of the ship, one port and one starboard. These have a fire rate of 30 round per minute and provide antishipping capabilities against smaller patrol vessels with HE and AP, as well as minor anti-air support with time fused HE shells.

{{:SK C/30 (37 mm)/Ammunition|37 mm Spgr L/4.1 Lh 37, 37 mm Psgr L'spur Zerl}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|2 cm/65 C/38 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)}}

The main anti-air defence consists of six 20 mm emplacements in total. Four in single mounts distributed in the front, aft and in the middle of the ship, and two quad mounts located in front of the bridge and between the second and third main gun. This gives the Type 1936A decent anti-air capabilities for close range encounters, although for longer ranges, this calibre is insufficient.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|G7a (533 mm)}}

The Type 1936A features 2 quadruple torpedo mounts in the middle of the ship, attached in the centre for a full traverse to both sides, enabling a full broadside of 8 torpedoes.

The torpedoes are the standard 533 mm G7a torpedoes of the German navy, with a maximum speed of 81 km/h, a maximum travel distance of 14 km and an explosive warhead of 358.4 kg of TNT. Not particularly outstanding in any kind or form, but still useful for screening capture points or chokepoints and close range panic launching.

== Usage in battles ==


The Z32 is an excellent ship, boasting massive firepower. Due to its non-existent armour, good muzzle velocity, slow firing and slow traversing guns, the Type 1936A is best used on medium or long ranges, where evasive manoeuvres can be made and enemies have a harder time hitting you. Following this, the Type 1936A should not be in the first line of attack, it should be played more like a support, staying further away, and making use of its longer range weaponry. When engaging at close range, the insufficient rate of fire becomes apparent and multiple enemies from different directions can easily overwhelm the slow reacting destroyer, in these situations a precise shot in the ammorack can do the trick and is much more reliable than with smaller calibres. Furthermore, the large calibre is capable to overcome even the anti-fragmentation armour of American destroyers without losing much of your explosive power, and therefore countering those American vessels.

Having the semi-armour piercing (SAP) shell equipped gives the Type 1936A another, more unique role, namely the role of a cruiser killer, being one of the few destroyers to be able to do so. Since your destroyer is the definition of a glass cannon, even more when facing cruisers, it is important to stay concealed behind islands or simply by not shooting whilst closing in to a range of around 4-6 km. A few salvoes into the sides of the cruiser where the ammo is located is usually enough for most early interwar cruiser designs like the [[USS Trenton]], the [[Krasny Kavkaz]], or the [[Köln]].

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent long range firepower
* Powerful SAP round against cruisers
* High explosive mass
* Large crew compartment
* Effective close range anti-air

'''Cons:'''

* No hull armour
* Slow turret traverse
* Lacklustre anti-air suite at longer ranges
* Slow firing cannons, every salvo counts

== History ==

Even before the outbreak of WW2, the Naval High Command of the Kriegsmarine was concerned about the firepower of its most modern destroyer vessels. Fearing they may be outgunned by comparable vessels of other nations, a study was initiated in 1936 about the possible upgunning of the Type 1934 and 1936 class destroyers with 15cm main guns.

The study quickly revealed that, although this upgrade was theoretically feasible, in practice it resulted in severe stability issues on the affected vessels and actually hampered their abilities more than increasing them.

However, whilst the Type 1934 and 1936 class destroyers kept their original 12.8cm main guns as a result of the conducted study, the Naval High Command didn't wish to abandon the idea completely and ordered for modifications to be made to the existing Type 1936 design in order to accomodate for the desired firepower upgrade.

This resulted in the creation of Type 1936A which was ordered into production in 1938 and consisted of a total of 8 ships. Although this class was designed to allow for the realization of the desired firepower upgrade, it still suffered from the same problems highlighted by the initial study and was known to have reliability issues with its steam turbines.

In 1940, the first of a total of 7 Type 1936 (Mob) destroyers were laid down. These were designed in an effort to address some of the known issues of the upgunned Type 1936 destroyers as well as to simplify their design in order to allow for shorter construction times.

Only a handful of the upgraded Type 1936A and 1936A (Mob) destroyers were lost in combat during WW2. In fact, more than half of the ships of these two classes survived the war and were used by several allied nations post-war, including the US, UK, USSR and France. The last remaining ships of this class were decommissioned from active service in the late 1950s.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6095-development-type-1936a-mob-punching-above-its-weight-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_destroyer_class1936a_mob_z32 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

;[[Type 1936 (Family)|Related development]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6095-development-type-1936a-mob-punching-above-its-weight-en|[Devblog] Type 1936A (Mob): Punching Above Its Weight]]

{{ShipManufacturer DeSchiMAG}}
{{Germany destroyers}}

Z20 Karl Galster

2023-06-27T08:18:34Z

U105837429: /* See also */ Type link

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_destroyer_class1936_z20_karlgalster
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced as a [[wt:en/news/5545-shop-fleet-cbt-announcement-pre-order-for-destroyers-and-discounts-for-existing-boat-pack-owners-en|premium pack]] in [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] as part of the fleet closed beta test. It was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/6542-shop-the-new-year-sale-en|2019 Winter sale]], but was shortly reintroduced for the [[wt:en/news/6694-shop-may-sale-in-war-thunder-en|2020 May Sale]] purchasable in-game for 6,090 Golden Eagles {{ge}}. It was once again made unavailable for purchase after the naval tech tree split in [[Update "New Power"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


The Z20 Karl Galster is not a very well protected destroyer. Unlike for example the [[Cowell (DD-547)]] (which possesses some armour) the Z20 has nothing to protect herself from enemy fire. The gun turrets are not fully shut (they are open at the back) which means that enemy HE fire will very easily knock out these turrets. However, armour doesn't really matter too much for a DD because they are too small to have effective armour anyway, but the Z20 feels very weak in terms of armour overall. If you play a [[Tashkent (leader)]] you will experience far more survivability because the crew members are better protected.

The bridge of the Z20 is poorly protected. You will often get hit because it's a tempting target for the enemy, and it will prevent you from steering the ship. Your ammo magazines have no armour at all but is under the waterline. This will prevent HE shells from detonating these magazines which gives the Z20 more survivability. Cruisers with their 155/203 mm AP shells are able to travel to these magazines and will result in a citadel detonation.

So what does make the Z20 a good destroyer? It's the speed and agility which makes her a great ship to play. Because you have good mobility you can move quickly and support the smaller ships. You are a good escort for cruisers as well but make sure you are not first in line! The mobility allows you to take effective evasive manoeuvres which makes you a hard target to shoot at. In combination with your main guns, you can be a pain for the enemy team.

The crew size of the Z20 consists of 323 people which is more than most of the other destroyers. However, this number can be deceiving. Again the Z20 has some weak protected parts where a lot of crew members can be knocked out if they are hit in that certain spot.

So the primary armament is quite weak in terms of protection and this should be noted. When your enemy lands an HE shot at the turret, a lot of crew members will be incapacitated and the gun will almost certainly be knocked out. The secondary armaments aren't better protected but there are less crew members so they will be knocked out, but the armaments themselves aren't knocked out very often.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


The powerplant of the Z20 consists of Six Wagner boilers to produce steam. This steam goes through two Wagner steam turbine sets, each driving one propeller shaft. This gives the Z20 69,000 shaft horsepower driving the ship through the seas with a speed of 36 knots (67 km/h; 41 mph) forward. The rudder is very good as well and gives you the ability to turn the ship quickly. The mobility is one of the things that make the Z20 a great destroyer.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|12.8 cm/45 SK C/34 (128 mm)}}

The Z20 has 5 x 12.8 cm/45 SK C/34 guns, two each superimposed, fore and aft of the superstructure. The fifth mount is positioned on top of the rear deckhouse, so there are 2 guns facing forward and 3 facing backward. This is a disadvantage in comparison to other destroyers. The [[Haida (G63)]] and [[Tashkent (leader)]] have two dual-mounted gun turrets at the front of the ship. This gives them the ability to go nose in and fire 4 shells in one salvo, so they don't suffer too much when they protect their broadside. The Z20 has to give some broadside to fire all 5 guns. You can compensate this problem by using the tactic of "kiting". Fire a salvo and go nose in. When your guns are almost done reloading, turn the ship again to fire all 5 guns and repeat. The rudder allows you to do this but it only works when you are actively sailing your ship.

Another disadvantage is that you only have 5 guns. The [[Haida (G63)]], [[Tashkent (leader)]], [[IJN Akizuki]], [[Sumner (DD-692)]] and others all have 6 or 8 guns. You only have 5 guns which puts you in a difficult position when knife fighting these destroyers. So the best thing you can do is to make sure you pick the fight, not the enemy. This is quite hard but use the terrain and your teammates to fight the enemies. Do not ever try to destroy a cruiser with your guns. There is no hope you can take a cruiser on your own with your guns. You will do minimal damage and the cruiser will destroy you quite easily. Only when you can perform a torpedo strike, go for the cruisers. But make sure it will have success. If you are sailing with another cruiser, you can support him by shooting at the enemy cruiser but make sure you are second or third in line.

The guns don't have the best firing arcs. You can only hit targets effectively under the range of 8 km. If the distance becomes greater than 8 km the shell will take 16 seconds to reach the target. You will have a minimal chance of getting a hit and you will waste ammo.

As for ammo, you can take 600 pieces maximum. The Z20 comes with 3 types of ammo: Sprgr. L/4.4 Kpf.Z, Sprgr. L/4.4 Bd.Z and the Sprgr. L/4.4 Zt.Z. So the Kpf.Z shell is the high-explosive shell and will do the most damage to most of the ships. It is recommended to take about 400 shells of the Kpf.Z because this is the shell you will be firing most of the time, and about 200 shells of the Bd.Z because these can penetrate cruisers more effectively if needed. The Zt.Z shell is only useful against planes but the main guns of the Z20 don't allow you to fire effectively against planes, and it is almost completely useless against ships.

{{:12.8 cm/45 SK C/34 (128 mm)/Ammunition|12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Kpf.Z, 12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Bd.Z, 12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Zt.Z}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|FlaK-Lafette C/36 (37 mm)}}

The secondary armament consists of 4 x 3.7 cm (1.5 in) SK C/30. These guns are very good at shredding patrol boats and are a great addition to the Z20. They fire quickly for 3.7 cm guns. They can also act as AA guns very effectively. Because they can fire both at boats and planes, it's recommended to use the Universal belt. This belt consists of both HE shells (for the planes) and AP shells (for the patrol boats and other destroyers). You can also select the AP belt (3 times AP and 1 HE) or the HE belt (3 times HE and 1 AP). There is no need to take manual control of the secondaries because the AI does the job quite well, and if you let the AI fire the main guns, you will lose effectiveness.

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}
* '''37 mm HE clips:''' {{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''37 mm APT clips:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}

{{:FlaK-Lafette C/36 (37 mm)/Ammunition|HEF-I, AP-T}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|2 cm/65 C/38 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakzwilling 38 (20 mm)}}

Unlike other ships of the Type 1936 class (which the Z20 belongs to), the Z20 has reinforced AA armament. So the 4 x 3.7 cm (1.5 in) SK C/30 guns act as AA, but the Z20 also has: 8 x 2 cm (0.8 in) Flakzwilling 38, a single-mount 2 cm C/38 cannon, and a quadruple 2 cm Flak 30/Flakvierling. This gives the Z20 some solid AA so you have the ability to shoot down planes very effectively. You can either select a Universal belt (2 HE, 2 AP), AP belt (1 HE, 3 AP) or an HE belt (3 HE, 1 AP), although only the HE belt will see much use because these guns will typically only be used to shoot down planes.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|G7a (533 mm)}}

The Z20 is equipped with 2 x quadruple 53.3 cm (21.0 in) torpedo tubes which carry the G7a torpedo. This torpedo has a speed of 81 km/h and a maximum range of 6 km. It takes 50 m to arm the torpedo. On-board is 358.4 kg TNT which causes a significant blow.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very fast for a destroyer (86 km/h or 46 knots AB, 71 km/h or 38 knots RB)
* Quick reload speed with on-board guns
* Good self defence anti-aircraft capability
* 37 mm AA guns are of the fully automatic type, not the semi-automatic type you'd find on other German ships
* Has a slim profile
* Strong secondaries against smaller ships

'''Cons:'''

* Main guns lack AP rounds (only HE, HE Base Fuse, HE-DF)
* Shells don't have much filler for their calibre
* Torpedoes are slow and have sub-par warheads
* Quite a squishy ship
* Only has 5 main guns
* Gun turrets are exposed to HE shrapnel

== History ==

Z20 Karl Galster was the fourth of six ships of the 1936 class destroyers laid down in the DeSchiMAG shipyard in Bremen. She was laid down on 14 September 1937 and completed in March 1939. Being part of the final German destroyer class to receive names after WWI sailors, captains, and admirals, the Z20 was also named in honour of Captain Karl Galster. Captain Karl Galster was the commander of the S22 torpedo boat in WWI, who went down with his ship after striking a mine while intercepting a squadron of British ships, including HMS Vindex, near the island of Sylt. During WWII, Z20 Karl Galster took part in various mine-laying operations in the English channel and Baltic sea as well as taking part in the invasion of Denmark and Norway as part of the Operation "Weserübung". Although the war had claimed her other five sister ships, Karl Galster survived right up until the very end of the war, helping in evacuating German soldiers from coastline ports scattered around the Baltic during the last few days of WWII.

After the German surrender on 8 May 1945, Z20 returned to her homeport of Kiel and surrendered to the British. However, her career was not over just yet. In 1946, Z20 Karl Galster was given to the Soviet Union as a war prize and was subsequently renamed to Prochny. She would serve under Soviet command for another decade, until 1956, before being decommissioned ultimately scrapped in the 1950s.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5546-fleet-development-z20-karl-galster-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_destroyer_class1936_z20_karlgalster Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|neFsLnNSatw|'''Premium Vehicles: Z20 Karl Galster''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''|zCiYZGT9Ipc|'''The Shooting Range #102''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:48 discusses the Type 1936 destroyer Z20 Karl Galster.}}

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* [[Type 1936 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5546-fleet-development-z20-karl-galster-en|[Devblog] Z20 Karl Galster]]

{{ShipManufacturer DeSchiMAG}}
{{Germany destroyers}}
{{Germany premium ships}}

Z22 Anton Schmitt

2023-06-27T06:02:20Z

U105837429: /* See also */ Type link

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_destroyer_class1936_z20
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] as part of the fleet closed beta test.

The Z22 Anton Schmitt is one of the 6 Type 1936 destroyers built for the German Kriegsmarine between 1936 and 1938. Out of the six ships in the class, only the Z20 Karl Galster survived until the end of the war, all remaining units were lost during the Invasion of Norway in 1940.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The Z22 Anton Schmitt does not possess any armour except its 16 mm thick steel hull protecting it from small calibre machine gun fire. The main gun mounts are protected from the front, top, and sides by 8 mm thick anti-fragmentation armour shields protecting them from shrapnel. The beam main gun ammunition storage is relatively safe as it's located on the waterline, while the secondary ammunition storage is well above the waterline, leaving it vulnerable to detonation. The stern main gun ammunition storage can be found above the waterline, directly under turret No.3 and in between No.3 and No.4, sharing a similar issue of vulnerable magazines with ships such as the T22.

All the Z22's machinery is located above the waterline, which exposes it to damage by autocannons and high-calibre machine guns.

The crew complement is large, consisting of 323 sailors.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The Z22 is quite an agile ship, but it suffers from poor acceleration past 40 km/h and takes a while to reach max speed.

{{NavalMobility
|SpeedForwardStockAB = 63
|SpeedBackStockAB = 23
|TurnTimeStockAB = 142.934
|TurnSpeedStockAB = 44
}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|12.8 cm/45 SK C/34 (128 mm)}}

The Z22 Anton Schmitt is armed with a five 12.8 cm SK C/34 cannons in single mounts, with two located at beam, and three at stern. All the turrets have ready-use ammo consisting of 10 rounds with a rate of fire of 18 rounds per minute, decreasing to 15 rounds per minute after depleting the ready-use ammo. Three different rounds are available, HE, HE with base fuse and HE-TF against aerial threat. It is advised to use the HE shell with base fuse to cause some serious damage to your opponents by aiming at their weak spots such as magazines above waterline or turrets. The HE-TF shell can be used against incoming aircraft at long ranges as the guns have good elevation.

{{:12.8 cm/45 SK C/34 (128 mm)/Ammunition|12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Kpf.Z, 12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Bd.Z, 12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Zt.Z}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|SK C/30 (37 mm)}}

The secondary armament consists of two 3.7 cm SK C/30 cannons in dual mounts located amidship on a platform near the second funnel. The cannons have a very low rate of fire of only 30 rounds per minute, making them very hard to use. Thanks to their high muzzle velocity and armour-piercing rounds, they can be used instead to engage coastal vessels at longer distances before they get within range of your 20 mm cannons.

{{:SK C/30 (37 mm)/Ammunition|37 mm Spgr L/4.1 Lh 37, 37 mm Psgr L'spur Zerl}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|2 cm/65 C/38 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)}}

The anti-aircraft protection of the Z22 Anton Schmitt is quite weak when compared to its contemporaries. It consists of a single 2 cm/65 Flakvierling automatic cannon in quadruple mount located amidship between turrets No.3 and No.4 and of five 2 cm/65 C/38 automatic cannons in single mounts with one located directly at the beam in front of turret No.1, two on each side of a hull next to turret No.2 and last two located directly behind the 3.7 cm gun mounts. The cannons, while not numerous, are still a quite strong short range anti-aircraft and anti-shipping defence.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|G7a (533 mm)}}

The Z22 is equipped with two quadruple 533 mm G7a torpedo launchers located amidship between funnels and between the second funnel and turret No.3. The torpedoes used are the standard G7a found on nearly all German bluewater ships. With a base speed of 81 km/h, a range of 6 km and a payload of 358.4 kg TNTeq, these are powerful torpedoes in terms of explosive mass. When upgraded with a torpedo mode, the speed decreases to 56 km/h while boosting the range to 14 km.

== Usage in battles ==

The Z22 Anton Schmitt can be played as a brawler utilizing its superior rate of fire and large crew complement, crippling enemy ships and utilizing its fast torpedoes at close range. It can also be used as a support ship from behind, shelling enemies with constant rain of shells. Zigzagging is advised due to the vulnerable magazines on the stern when utilizing a full broadside. Two out of five main guns can be fire at the enemy when sailing head-on.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High rate of fire
* High crew complement
* Potent torpedoes
* Good agility

'''Cons:'''

* Vulnerable magazines
* Poor AA protection
* Weak main gun shells
* Low ammo count for main guns

== History ==

Z22 ''Anton Schmitt'' was one of the six Type 1936 destroyers built for the Kriegsmarine (German Navy). Ordered from the AG Weser (Deschimag) shipyard in Bremen in 1936, she was laid down on 6 January 1938, launched on 20 September, and commissioned on 24 September 1939.

During the opening stage of the war, between the 10th and 11th January 1940, Z22 along with her sister ships was sent out for a minelaying operation around Newcastle, of which the minefield only claimed one small fishing trawler. On 26 January, Z22 caught fire in her boiling room due to leaking oil, which forced her to be sent back to Germany for repairs until the end of March 1940.

In April 1940, Z22 was assigned to Group 1 of the Norwegian portion of the Operation Weserübung in a German campaign to seize Denmark and Norway. The group was tasked to transport the 139th Mountain Infantry Regiment and the 3rd Mountain Division to attack Narvik. The task group consisted of 10 destroyers set sail on 6 April 1940. On 7 April, the task group was spotted by British reconnaissance planes and were subsequently attacked by air formations, though the raid failed to damage any ships.

The task group arrived off the Ofotfjord close to Narvik on the dawn of 9 April. During this time, Z22 encountered the Norwegian coast guard boat Senja, of which she forced the latter to surrender. At 9:00 the ship disembarked their troops after mistakenly believed that a coastal artillery was guarding the mouth of the fjord and the troop was sent to capture them. Around 11:00 the troop was ordered to reboard and begin the attack on Narvik. However, as the ship was running low on fuel, Z22 was forced to stay behind while the rest of the task group retreated as planned.

On the dawn of 10 April, five destroyers of the British 2nd Destroyer Flotilla made a surprise attack on the Germans at Narvik who did not anticipated their appearance. Z22's engine room was hit by a single 120 mm shell and a torpedo from the HMS Hunter, then the ship was finished off by a torpedo from the HMS Havock that broke her in half. The sinking killed 52 crewmen. The surviving crews then joined together with the 139th regiment as an ad-hoc infantry unit and continued their assault on Narvik.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_destroyer_class1936_z20 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|8dkhjEhFXBY|'''The Shooting Range #105''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 05:13 discusses the Type 1936 destroyer Z-21 Wilhelm Heidkamp.}}

== See also ==


;Related development
* [[Type 1936 (Family)]]
* [[Z20 Karl Galster]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4867-development-type-1936-class-destroyer-en|[Devblog] Type 1936 Class Destroyer]]

{{ShipManufacturer DeSchiMAG}}
{{Germany destroyers}}

RN Geniere

2023-06-09T09:45:19Z

U105837429: /* Description */ Added event link

{{About
| about = premium Italian Soldati-class destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the premium Italian Fante-class destroyer
| link = Geniere
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=it_destroyer_soldati_serie1_geniere
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced as a [[wt:en/news/6690-development-italian-fleet-early-access-packs-en|premium pack]] in [[Update "Starfighters"]] and was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/6924-shop-war-thunder-birthday-sale-in-gaijin-net-store-en|8th Anniversary Sale]]. It has been made available for purchase with Golden Eagles {{ge}} briefly during the [[wt:en/news/7733-special-italian-navy-day-en|2022]] and [[wt:en/news/7733-special-italian-navy-day-en|2023 "Italian Navy Day"]] mini-events.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The RN Geniere in terms of survivability is very resilient, thanks to 215 crew members the ship can withstand various fire damage or enemy salvoes and repair damage and put out fires without losing too much crew.

Whereas RN Geniere is protected in the hull by 16 mm steel, superstructure 4 mm, while the only part more armored externally from the hull are the 12 mm protected cannons, the RN Geniere's hold in the rear part is protected by the tanks and it is rare that I can cause you a hold, while the front part the hold is protected only by the 16 mm steel hull which however is not very useful because eventually they can blow your ammorack easily and make you lose the ship in no time

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The RN Geniere is powered by 3 engines, which gives RN Geniere the ability to achieve the maximum speed of 70 km/h in RB and 86 km/h in AB , while the reverse speed is 29 km/h in RB and 35 km/h in AB.

In both AB and RB, RN Geniere has very good acceleration to both go forward and reverse from a standstill, this gives you a better chance to dodge torpedoes or even salvo enemy.

In combat if you continue to turn the speed remains 49 km/h in RB and 52 km/h in AB.

{{NavalMobility
|SpeedForwardStockAB = 63
|SpeedBackStockAB = 26
|TurnTimeStockAB = 109.25
|TurnSpeedStockAB = 44
}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|120 mm/50 O.T.O. Mod.1936 (120 mm)}}

The primary armament consists of five [[120 mm/50 O.T.O. Mod.1936 (120 mm)|120 mm/50 Mod.1936]], 2 of which are twin and one single, these guns can carry 3 different projectiles:

* HE has 1.63 kg of explosives and can cause serious damage if used on the top of enemy ships,
* HE-TF has 1.63 kg of explosive unlike HE projectiles these in particular has a time fuse that is automatically configured during target aiming and practically explode based on the time and distance of the perfect configuration against aerial targets,
* APHEBC has 1.3 kg of explosives and can cause serious internal damage to the enemy ship if they are used against ammo racks and engines.

{{:120 mm/50 O.T.O. Mod.1936 (120 mm)/Ammunition|120 mm HE Dirompente, 120 mm APCBC Perforante, 120 mm HE-TF Contro-aerea}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|20 mm/65 Breda (20 mm)}}

The secondary armament consists of twelve [[20 mm/65 Breda (20 mm)|20 mm/65 Breda]], all the guns are twin-mounted.

These AA turrets are perfect for short range 1-3 km, while for long and medium range they are not very effective, they are also perfect for small ships that try to attack you with torpedoes as torpedo boats.

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''20 mm HE belts:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}
* '''20 mm AP belts:''' {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}

{{:20 mm/65 Breda (20 mm)/Ammunition|HEFI-T*, API-T}}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|S.I. 270/533,4X7,2 Tipo I (533 mm)|B TG 100 depth charge}}

The additional armament consists of six 533 mm [[S.I. 270/533,4X7,2 Tipo I (533 mm)|S.I. 270/533.4X7.2 Tipo I]] torpedoes and two [[B TG 100 depth charge|B TG 100]] depth charges

The torpedoes are placed in the center of the ship can only be launched when pointing left or right, due to the torpedo mode modification the torpedo range can be increased but the speed is reduced.

Depth charges, on the other hand, are placed in launchers one on the left and one on the right, you have to use them in a certain way because they are not dropped into the water but are launched for a few tens of meters

== Usage in battles ==

When using RN Geniere during the battle don't go too much close to enemy ships or go in zone where are not any cover, because you can be instantly dead.

The best tactic with the RN Geniere is find a cover and start to shoot the enemy ship in specific with APHEBC in the engines and ammorack and with HE the top of the ship.

When they start to respond your attack go back in the cover, if the enemy is coming close to you use your torpedoes and aim to the ammorack (basically under the enemy turrets), some rare cases you can use the depth charges but they cause a little damage to enemy big ships as destroyers and frigates, meanwhile the little ones can be easily killed by the charges or by the AA armament composed by 20 mm (the best belt to use is the Universale one).

If you find an open map don't quit it, you gonna combat from long distance so after you spawned start to shot to the enemy ship that are more close to you and start to distance from them, if they shot back dodge the enemy salvo, and continue your attack, some times use your smoke screen if there are too much enemies shotting you.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Capable of withstanding significant damage from fire and enemy salvoes
* Very manoeuvrable, allowing it to cooperate well with light craft
* Don't loss too much speed when dodge torpedoes or enemy salvoes
* Outstanding acceleration

'''Cons:'''

* Only short range AA guns, very inefficient for medium and long range
* Can be ammoracked very easily in the front of the ship

== History ==

{{main|Soldati (Family)#History|l1=History of the Soldati-class}}

=== RN Geniere ===
[[File:RN Geniere Sail 1.png|thumb|RN Geniere during sail ]]
Set up in Livorno by the OTO on August 26, 1937, and completed on December 15, 1938.

On December 15, 1938, it entered service in the Regia Marina.

On entry into the war was part of the XI Squadriglia Cacciatorpediniere,, which formed together with the twin

[[RN Aviere]], RN Artigliere and RN Camicia Nera.

In 1940, was part of several patrol, enemy search and escort operations in the Sicilian Channel, areas near Libya and Malta.

In 1941, the Geniere had its 120/15 illuminating gun replaced with a [[120 mm/50 O.T.O. Mod.1936 (120 mm)|120/50 OTO Mod.1936]] gun . The original AA armament of [[Breda Model 31 (13.2 mm)|13.2 mm Breda]] MGs was replaced by [[20 mm/65 Breda (20 mm)|20 mm/65 Breda]] cannons in 6 twin emplacements.
[[File:RN Geniere combat I.png|thumb|RN Geniere during shotting exercises]]
In 1942 I participated in some escorts with other destroyers and took part in the Battaglia di mezzo Agosto.

On the night of August 11-12, 1942, during the Battaglia di mezzo Agosto, took to the sea with Divisioni incrociatori III (RN Trieste, RN Gorizia and RN Bolzano) and Divisioni incrociatori VII ([[RN Eugenio di Savoia]], RN Attendolo and [[RN Raimondo Montecuccoli]]) and 9 destroyers: the objective was to attack the British convoy "Pedestal," already decimated by attacks from aircraft, submarines and torpedo motorboats, and annihilate it; however, the Italian formation was turned back for fear of adversary attacks, but during the very navigation of return, on August 13, the submarine HMS Unbroken torpedoed and severely damaged RN Bolzano and RN Attendolo: the RN Geniere and [[RN Aviere]] took the burning RN Bolzano in tow and ran it aground near Panarea.

On March 1, 1943 was Sank from an American aerial bombardment in the harbor.

After armistice it was recovered for demolition.

In April 1944, refitted so that it could float, it was taken in tow to be towed to Taranto; during that sailing, however, the leaks reopened, the cables snapped, and the RN Geniere sank.

=== [[wt:en/news/6690-development-italian-fleet-early-access-packs-en|Devblog]] ===
Geniere was laid down as part of the first series of Soldati-class destroyers for the Regia Marina. Geniere comes to War Thunder naval forces in one of its later war modifications, specifically in the 1942 fit. The ship features five 120 mm cannons split into three turrets. Geniere offers better AA option, than a regular tree destroyer, having 6 twin-barrelled 20 mm Breda autocannons, rationally positioned over her deck. It's also worth mentioning that Geniere comes with two triple torpedo launchers, which make her combat application more versatile. As all Soldati destroyers, Geniere boasts an excellent top speed going up to 35 knots (65 km/h), as well as great manoeuvrability.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_destroyer_soldati_serie1_geniere Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:Geniere (1942) WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:Geniere (1942) WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:Geniere (1942) WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:Geniere (1942) WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:Geniere (1942) WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:Geniere (1942) WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
File:Geniere (1942) WTWallpaper 07.jpg|
File:Geniere (1942) WTWallpaper 08.jpg|
</gallery>

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Soldati (Family)]]
* [[RN Aviere]]
* [[RN Corazziere]]
* [[120 mm/50 O.T.O. Mod.1936 (120 mm)|Cannone OTO 120/50 Mod.1936]]
* [[20 mm/65 Breda (20 mm)|Breda 20/56]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6690-development-italian-fleet-early-access-packs-en|[Devblog] Italian Fleet Early Access Packs: Geniere & Sparviero]]

=== References ===

;Bibliography

* Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922-1946; 1980 Conway Maritime Press Ltd, London

{{ShipManufacturer OTO}}
{{Italy destroyers}}
{{Italy premium ships}}

HMCS Haida

2023-06-02T13:14:35Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability update

{{About
| about = British destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage = other Tribal-class destroyers
|link = Tribal (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_destroyer_haida
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} British destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced as a [[wt:en/news/5810-fleet-news-what-awaits-us-in-update-1-83-masters-of-the-sea-en|premium pack]] in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]] as part of the British fleet closed beta test and was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/6464-shop-war-thunder-birthday-sale-en|2019 Anniversary sale]]. It was made available for purchase with Golden Eagles {{ge}} in-game briefly during the [[wt:en/news/8296-special-decal-and-destroyer-for-canadian-armed-forces-day-en|2023 "Canadian Armed Forces Day"]] mini-event.

The Haida is a Tribal-class destroyer in Canadian service, that has a unique layout of her primary, secondary and tertiary weaponry.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


The {{PAGENAME}} is like most destroyers in the game; thin armour, good mobility and respectable firepower. The destroyer has 10 to 23 mm of hull armour all around and 3 mm of anti-fragmentation armour protecting the 120 mm main battery guns. The 40 mm 2-Pounder "Pom-Pom" and 20 mm Oerlikon anti-aircraft guns are protected by 12.7 mm of hardened steel.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


The Haida is by no means a slow ship. She is able to reach a top speed of 35.6 knots, but she is slower when compared to similar destroyers such as Leningrad, Fletcher, the Type 1936 / Type 1936B or even the Type 1934A. However, the rudder shift is very responsive with a shift time of around 2 seconds. This allows HMCS Haida to dodge its way through gunfights or during air attacks.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|4.7 inch/45 Mk.XII (120 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

{{:4.7 inch/45 Mk.XII (120 mm)/Ammunition|4.7 inch HE Mk.VIIA, 4.7 inch SAP Mk.VA, 4.7 inch HE-TF Mk.VIIA, 4.7 inch HE-VT Mk.VIIA}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

{{:4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)/Ammunition|4 inch HE, 4 inch SAP, 4 inch HE-TF, 4 inch HE-VT}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|2pdr QF Mk.IIc (40 mm)|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mark 24 (20 mm)}}

The Haida is no slouch when it comes to AAA batteries for a destroyer. She is armed with one quad 40 mm 2-Pounder "Pom-Pom" mount accompanied by six twin 20 mm Oerlikon mounts. These are also very useful for tearing apart enemy torpedo boats that happen to stray too close. In addition, the 102 mm secondary mount acts as a heavy AAA mount. The 102 mm mount can be armed with High Explosives with fuses set inside.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.VIII (533 mm)|Mk.IX** (533 mm)|Y-gun Mk.VII depth charge}}

The Haida is also armed with a single quad 533 mm torpedo launcher. The torpedoes travel at a top speed of 39.1 knots and have a maximum range of 7.32 km. The torpedoes have an arming distance of 50 m, so be careful about the distance to the target. In addition, the torpedoes themselves pack a powerful punch, boasting a 327 kg warhead in each torpedo. There is a major factor that all players using either HMCS Haida or her non-premium counterpart- HMS Eskimo: the torpedo tubes have to be fired from nearly broadside angles, otherwise the torpedo tubes will be obstructed. Take care should you choose to fire your torpedoes.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Hard-hitting High-Explosive shells
* Lethal AAA mounts for a destroyer
* Relatively fast for her type
* Excellent manoeuvrability
* Powerful torpedo armaments

'''Cons:'''

* Subpar speed compared to her counterparts of other nations
* Muzzle velocity of the main cannons is sub-par when compared to those of German, Soviet and Japanese destroyers
* Terrible torpedo firing arcs: a player must practically fire torpedoes from broadsides
* AAA mounts tend to be lacking when compared to her American counterparts

== History ==


[[File:HMCSHaidaHamiltonA.jpg|thumb|450x450px|HMCS Haida docked at Hamilton Harbour.]]
HMCS Haida is a destroyer of the Tribal class of destroyers built for the British, Canadian and Australian navies during World War II. Named after the Haida people, HMCS Haida was commissioned in 1943 and had a storied service career, sinking the most enemy ship tonnage out of all Canadian ships in the Second World War. As such, she was nicknamed "The Fightingest ship in the Canadian Navy". Haida saw service during the Korean war and was eventually decommissioned and turned into a museum ship. She is still a museum ship today, berthed in Hamilton Harbour, and serves as the ceremonial flagship of the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN).

=== Design and development ===
In the early 1940s, the British built the Tribal class jointly for their own navy and for the Canadian and Australian navies. The RCM ultimately settled on the Tribal class, as it was heavily armed and could essentially be used as a "small cruiser". In total the RCN ordered eight Tribal class destroyers, which were modified with a new ventilation system to make them more suited to the harsh conditions of Canadian winter service. Haida was built by Vickers Armstrong shipyards at Newcastle, and was commissioned by September 18th 1943.

Haida displaced 1959 tons standard and had a crew of 259 officers and men. Her main armament consisted of six 4.7-inch (119 mm) guns in three dual mounts, along with a secondary 4-inch (102 mm) dual mount. She had an anti-aircraft armament of 1 quadruple 40 mm 2-pounder Pom-Pom gun, as well as six 20 mm Oerlikon guns. She carried a single quadruple torpedo tube mounting, as well as depth charge racks to counter submarines. Powered by steam turbines, Haida could reach a maximum speed of 36.5 knots (68 km/h).

=== Operational history ===
After her commissioning, Haida was based from the British Home Fleet, and immediately partook in convoy escort duties. She was part of the escort screen for convoy JW 55 B, and escorted the convoy away from the battleship Scharnhorst which was then destroyed by British battleships. Haida was subsequently reassigned to perform coastal sweeps of the English channel, in preparation for the D-Day landings of June 1944. During the evening of April 25th 1944, Haida saw her first action when her destroyer flotilla encountered a German torpedo boat flotilla with three Type 1939-class torpedo boats. Haida herself sank the T29 while T24 and T27 were damaged.

Just a week later in the evening of April 29th, Haida and her sister ship Athabaskan encountered the T24 and T27 as they tried to flee from their port. In the ensuing engagement, the Athabaskan was destroyed by torpedoes fired from T24, but Haida was able to severely damage the T27, which was later destroyed by British MTBs. Haida rescued 44 survivors from the Athabaskan, while the remaining crewmembers were either killed or taken prisoner by the Germans. In June of 1944, Haida, along with her squadron, encountered another German destroyer flotilla and engaged them in what would become known as the Battle of Ushant. During this engagement, the German destroyer Z32 was sunk jointly by Haida and her sister ship Huron.

In late June of 1944, Haida successfully sank the German submarine U-971 which had been spotted by British RAF Liberator bombers. In early July, she, along with the Polish destroyer ORP Blyskawica, encountered a German convoy and successfully sank two minesweepers and a merchant ship. Later on in August, the Haida encountered yet another convoy of German ships and sank two minesweepers and a patrol boat.

After her service in the English channel, Haida returned to Halifax for a much-needed refit and was fitted with new sensors. She returned to the Atlantic theatre in April of 1945, and saw one of the last actions of RCN vessels when she was part of an escorting force that attacked two U-Boats that attempted to torpedo their convoy. Both U-Boats were sunk, for the loss of one frigate.

After the cessation of hostilities in the European theatre, it had been intended that Haida be sent to the Pacific Theatre to serve in the American invasion of Japan. However, due to the dropping of Atomic bombs at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, there was no need for this, and the Haida was reduced to reserve in 1947. She later became the first Canadian destroyer to venture into the Hudson Bay. Following the start of the Korean War, Haida was reactivated and sent to the Korean theatre where she participated in several patrols, escorting aircraft carriers and shelling North Korean surface units. She later became part of the "Train Busters Club", a group of ships which had successfully destroyed North Korean trains by shelling them from the sea. She saw less service during the later part of the 1950s, as her ageing equipment began to deteriorate and malfunction.

Haida was reduced to reserve again in 1962, and was intended to be scrapped. However, members of her crew were able to purchase the ship from the RCN, and converted it into a museum ship. Initially, the Haida was docked on the Toronto waterfront, but she has now been moved to Hamilton Harbour. Nicknamed "The Fightingest Ship in the Canadian Navy", Haida is still a museum ship and serves as the ceremonial flagship of the Royal Canadian Navy.

=== [[wt:en/news/5818-fleet-development-hmcs-haida-commonwealth-veteran-en|Devblog]] ===
HMCS Haida was laid down on the 29th September, 1941 at the Vickers-Armstrong dockyard in Newcastle-upon-Tyne. In August 1943, the ship was launched and entered RCN service shortly afterwards. Haida's early service life is marked by escort duties as part of various Arctic convoys. In spring 1944, Haida was tasked to perform sweeps along the French coastline. Haida scored her first kill, sinking the German T-29 destroyer along with other members of her task force in April.

Prior to D-Day, Haida continued to run sweeps along the French coast, periodically engaging in skirmishes with German destroyers and torpedo boats. After sinking a German U-boat, Haida paired up with the Polish destroyer, Blyskawica in actions against German surface vessels off the western coast of France. During one such raid in August, Haida was damaged by a German ship - a 10 5mm round hit the stern section and returned to Halifax in September.

After repairs and refits, Haida continued her service off the coast of Norway in March 1945, serving as an escort and assisting in various operations. After the German surrender in May, Haida was sent to the Pacific in preparation for the invasion of the Japanese home islands. Whilst undergoing tropicalization refits however, Japan surrendered. This marked the end of WW2 and Haida's service as part of it.

In the postwar years, Haida switched between reserve and active status as well as undergoing several refits and upgrades. The Korean War called for Haida's service one final time. There, the ship operated as a destroyer escort, primarily performing shoreline bombardment and patrols.

After the Korean War, Haida was ultimately decommissioned from active service, but avoided being scrapped by being turned into a Toronto attraction in 1965. In the early 2000s, Haida underwent extensive restoration before becoming a National Historic Site at the Hamilton Waterfront. Today, HMCS Haida is the ceremonial flagship of the Royal Canadian Navy and still welcomes visitors from all over the globe.

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_destroyer_haida Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5818-fleet-development-hmcs-haida-commonwealth-veteran-en|[Devblog] HMCS Haida - Commonwealth Veteran]]

=== References ===
;Bibliography
* Parks Canada. (n.d.). HMCS Haida, National historic site. Retrieved January 19, 2021, from <nowiki>https://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=7624</nowiki>
* Sarty, R. (2006, February 7). HMCS Haida. Retrieved January 19, 2021, from <nowiki>https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/haida-ship</nowiki>

{{Manufacturer Vickers-Armstrongs}}
{{Britain destroyers}}
{{Britain premium ships}}

G.91 R/4 (Germany)

2023-05-08T12:17:46Z

U105837429: /* Description */ current availability

{{Specs-Card
|code=fiat_g91_r4_german
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_G.91_R4_(Germany).jpg|StoreImage G.91 R-4 (Germany) 001.jpg|StoreImage G.91 R-4 (Germany) 003.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Starfighters"]] as a premium purchasable in-game for Golden Eagles {{ge}}. It was later added to the store as a [[wt:en/news/7087-shop-new-packs-and-a-unique-bundle-en|premium pack]] in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]] until it was removed after the [[wt:en/news/7417-shop-war-thunder-birthday-sale-in-gaijin-net-store-en|9th Anniversary Sale]], but was later re-introduced as a regular in-game premium for {{GE}}.

The R/4 is a variant of the G.91 jet fighter that has been modified for ground attack, allowing it access to a competitive selection of air-to-ground ordnance such as bombs, rockets, and high-explosive air-to-ground missiles. The R/4 also has the option to equip two different types of air-to-air missiles; the IR-tracking [[AIM-9B Sidewinder]] missile, or the command-guided [[AA-20 Nord]] missile.

The G.91 R/4 is a very nimble fighter with relatively average top speed and fairly good acceleration. Best played as a support fighter, the G.91 R/4 can use its incredible roll and turn rates to quickly get guns on target, as well as to dodge the typically less manoeuvrable fighters that it shares its battle ratings with.

The main difference between the [[G.91 R/3|R/3]] and the [[G.91 R/4|R/4]] is the armament choice. While the former has more powerful cannons, it lacks the capability to mount air-to-air missiles while the later is the opposite, weaker machine guns but it is able to use air-to-air missiles.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The G.91 was intended to replace the [[F-86A-5|F-86A Sabre]] in German, Portuguese and Italian service and it shows. With an empty weight of only 3,100 kg (6,800 lbs) and a takeoff weight of 5,500 kg (12,100 lbs) the Gina is in the weight class as the [[P-51D-5|P-51D]] and [[MiG-9]], yet severely lighter than most other jets and losing about one and a half tonnes compared to the Sabre A.

Although only outputting a meagre 22 kN of thrust, this first look disadvantage is literally outweighed by the high thrust to weight ratio of 0.73 empty (0.41 full). This makes the Gina an excellent dogfighter as jet fighters maintain both their top speed, climb and sustained turn-rate by their engine power rather than other flight characteristics. It can easily reach its own terminal speed (1,011 km/h, 921 ft/s) and self-destruct in level flight.

Lacking in straight wings and leading wing slats, the stall speed for the G.91 is higher than the low weight leads one to assume. One should hence be wary of many older jet types with said features, as after bleeding too much speed they can easily out-manoeuvre the Gina.

Starting with 20 min of fuel, gaining the climb speed of 800 km/h IAS (sustainable @ 7-8°; 730 ft/s) takes a mere ~80 seconds with 20 predicated for taking off at 230 km/h or 210 ft/s IAS. An Immelmann at 800 km/h will gain 1000 m and lose 300 km/h. A hard 180° turn at the same speed takes >100 km/h and may lose up to 60 m.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,066 || 1,042 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 27.4 || 28.0 || 30.4 || 29.5 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,097 || 1,084 || 24.7 || 26.0 || 48.8 || 39.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 589 || 550 || 345 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 800 || < 650 || < 660 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Bristol Orpheus MK.803 || 1
| colspan="2" | 3,477 kg || colspan="3" | 289 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 32m fuel
|-
| 380 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 3,837 kg || 4,269 kg || 4,662 kg || 4,740 kg || 5,800 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (101%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || 101%
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 32m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,212 kgf || 2,234 kgf
| 0.58 || 0.52 || 0.48 || 0.47 || 0.39
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,212 kgf (0 km/h) || 2,234 kgf (0 km/h)
| 0.58 || 0.52 || 0.48 || 0.47 || 0.39
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 40 mm Bulletproof glass in front of the pilot
* 6.5 mm Steel plate, starts in the pilot's seat, goes below the pilot, ends in front of the pilot
* 6.5 mm Steel plate below a fuel tank in the centre-front of the fuselage
* 6.5 mm Steel plate below a fuel tank in the centre-rear of the fuselage

Though the G.91 R/4 does have a decent amount of armour spaced out between the centre and front of the fuselage, the steel plates will only be sufficient to protect the pilot and aircraft from lower calibre fire (7.92 mm to 7.62 mm machine guns will only penetrate at '''very''' close ranges). And, thanks to the sacrifices made to lighten the aircraft, the airframe is not particularly reinforced. The wings are very thin, and susceptible to being out-right broken off by most-all primary armaments the G.91 will face at its tier, and the fuselage is full of juicy fuel tanks as well as the single engine of the R/4. Even more so than most planes, the G.91 R/4 is not capable of taking any hits. Even low calibre fire, such as that from .50 calibre machine guns, can cripple an R/4 nigh-immediately, and necessitate an immediate return-to-base.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|Aerea 559G1 incendiary|FFAR Mighty Mouse|M3 Browning (12.7 mm)}}
{{main|AA-20 Nord|AIM-9B Sidewinder|AS-20 Nord}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 4 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (300 rpg = 1,200 total)
* 4 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns + 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 2 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns + 2 x AA-20 Nord missiles
* 2 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns + 2 x AS-20 Nord missiles
* 2 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns + 4 x AS-20 Nord missiles
* 2 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns + 4 x AA-20 Nord missiles
* 2 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns + 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs + 2 x AS-20 Nord missiles (1,000 lb total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns + 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs + 2 x AA-20 Nord missiles (1,000 lb total)
* 4 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns + 4 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns + 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 4 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns + 2 x Aerea 559G1 incendiary bombs

Featuring a wide range of ordnance, the G.91 R/4 can be equipped for any role from ground to air combat, though it prefers air superiority.

The M3 Browning is a new weapon in the German arsenal at rank V and compared to the previous experiences a let down. The rate of fire is phenomenal, but the small calibre and ammo size put a serious damper to the mood, that is in comparison of course. In practise and with good aim, it can easily shred four fighters. The high bullet velocity and fire rate is quite the advantage in the fast pace world of jet combat, ensuring hits in deflection shots were the lower rate of fire found in the [[:Category:Fifth_rank_aircraft|Soviet jet fighters]] might have failed the pilot.

Yet one will always look onto greener pastures, especially as the Gina only has four guns unlike all other Browning armed jets. No matter how you turn it, the armament is only manageable with skill and outright bad for a beginner.

For air-to-ground purposes, the G.91 R/4 is similar to the [[G.91 R/3]] in loadout options, sharing the same FFAR Mighty Mouse rocket option as well as the choice of a pair of 500 lb bombs. However, the G.91 R/4 must sacrifice half of its machine guns to carry 4 x AS-20 Nord air-to-ground missiles.

Air-to-air ordnance selection is where the G.91 R/4 stands out from its brethren; the G.91 R/4 is able to load the unique AA-20 Nord air-to-air missiles; keyboard guided missiles with a 15 metre proximity fuse. Unlike infrared-guided missiles in War Thunder, the AA-20 Nords do not warn targets of a missile launch giving R/4 pilots the element of surprise, and the Nord's proximity fuse increases the chance of long-range launches striking a target as well as successful head-ons, though these perks come at the demand of a much higher skill floor for usage.

== Usage in battles ==

Due to the G.91 R/4's notably lower speed and high-end acceleration as compared to its contemporaries, the R/4 should be played as a support fighter; meaning the pilot should seek to stick near teammates rather than hunting targets solo, and opt to pick off hostile aircraft that are engaged and distracted with/by allied fighters. The G.91 airframe is exceptionally agile, and the R/4 is no exception; even heavily manoeuvring targets are easy for this plane to keep the nose on. The plane's exceptional roll and turn rates are its biggest strengths, and the pilot should seek to use that to their advantage rather than attempting to fight speed or energy battles.

Make use of the G.91 R/4's varied suspended armaments to dispatch a variety of targets. The AIM-9B is very easy to use missile and can force faster targets to manoeuvre, slowing them down, and can sometimes even net target destructions. Be careful when using this missile around friendlies though, as a misguided Sidewinder '''will''' destroy allied aircraft. The AA-20 Nord is a much more difficult missile to use, but it has a far longer effective range and can often surprise enemies who expect a warning from enemy missile launches. Use the massive range and proximity fuse to take down faster targets flying away from you, and consider using them to destroy bombers such as the often-seen [[S.O.4050 Vautour IIB|Vautour IIB]], [[S.O.4050 Vautour IIA|Vautour IIA]], and [[Vautour_IIA IDF/AF (France)|Israeli Vautour IIA]], who not only are far less able to dodge missiles but also have larger airframes that trigger the proximity fuse from longer distances.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Exceptional manoeuvrability, with very high roll and turn rates
* Varied and effective suspended armament choices
* Access to air-to-air missiles, including the [[AA-20 Nord]]
* Access to 4 x [[AS-20 Nord]] like its [[G.91_R/3|predecessor]]

'''Cons:'''

* Relatively low calibre primary armament (four .50 cal Brownings)
* Slower than most of its contemporaries
* Very fragile airframe
* Poor energy retention

== History ==

The G.91 R/3 was the primary West German variant of the Fiat-made light fighter, with 50 built in Italy and another 294 under license in West Germany. It had more powerful armament, added two wing hardpoints, and improved avionics compared to the Italian G.91 R-1s. The 50 R/4 that followed were identical to the R/3 other than in terms of armament. The R/4 supposed to have been sold to Greece and Turkey, but after that sale fell through they entered West German service instead.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fiat_g91_r4_german Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|aMOb7dfH6ZI|'''"G.91 R/4 "Portuguese Devil" - Update 1.87 Premium"''' - ''BaconGaming''|4wIDFwbBb74|'''"G.91 R/4 - Like A Cold Pizza"''' - ''NapalmRatte''}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Fiat}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}
{{Germany premium aircraft}}

USS Helena

2023-05-08T12:16:06Z

U105837429: /* Description */ in -game premium

{{Specs-Card
|code=us_cruiser_brooklyn_class_helena
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_001.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} American light cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.93 "Shark Attack"]] purchasable in-game with Golden Eagles {{ge}}. The {{PAGENAME}} was available in the store in a [[wt:en/news/7087-shop-new-packs-and-a-unique-bundle-en|premium pack]] until it was removed after the [[wt:en/news/7417-shop-war-thunder-birthday-sale-in-gaijin-net-store-en|9th Anniversary Sale]], but was later re-introduced as a regular in-game premium for {{GE}}.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

Armour on Helena is pretty strong for a light cruiser, as it can definitely hold out against large calibre HE shells. One should remember that Brooklyn-class cruisers oftentimes could survive a torpedo hit, so if you have enough crew, you can easily tank one or even two torpedoes. Your main concern while playing Helena should be high calibre AP shells, as they can wreck your ship in no time, especially if they are coming from fast reloading guns like American 5"/38, or if they are shot at you by a ship with lots of guns like [[IJN Suzuya]].

Turret face armour is 165 mm, side, rear and top armour are 76 mm, 76 mm, and 51 mm thick respectively, and mantlets are 100 mm of RHA. Barbettes are 152 mm of rolled cemented armour. Secondaries are protected only by 32 mm of antifragmentation armour, so expect them to be knocked out as soon as any high calibre shell hits them.

Bow ammo magazines are protected by 51 mm of antifragmentation armour on the top and sides, and 127 mm of antifragmentation armour in the front. They are also hidden deep below the waterline and behind fuel tanks, which makes them a very difficult target. Aft shells and charges are protected from the top and rear by the same armour as bow magazines, but since there are no fuel tanks, they get 120 mm rolled cemented armour as side armour. Rear of the bow ammo stowage and front of the aft ammo stowage are protected by 95 mm of rolled cemented armour. Ammo elevators are protected by 127 mm of antifragmentation armour.

Bridge is protected by 127 mm of antifragmentation armour on the sides and 57 mm of the same armour on the top.

Thanks to the unit system (engines and boilers are alternating inside the hull) it's very hard to disable propulsion on the ship, even with a torpedo.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

Helena's mobility, while not a hindrance, is also nothing to boast about as she only has a rather average top speed. Reaching both her maximum forward and reverse speed fairly quickly, Helena can change direction decently well, however her single rudder design causes her to take somewhat sweep turns. Because of this, while being near cover may be preferable, it is best to avoid narrow waterways for fear of beaching in a tight corridor.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

[[File:6"-47 Mk.16 Triple.png|thumb|259x259px|A 6"/47 Mk.16 triple turret as seen on [[USS Cleveland]].]]
{{main|6 inch/47 Mk.16 (152 mm)}}

USS Helena carries a main armament of fifteen 6"/47 Mk.16 guns. As the standard main armament of American light cruisers, these guns are very effective anti-ship weapons. The guns are capable of firing at 10 rounds per minute (6-second reload), meaning that they have a high rate of fire for a 6 inch cannon (only the German triple 6-inch turrets fire faster at 12 rounds per minute). With the Helena's large main armament complement, this means that you can fire 150 shells per minute! The guns have good firing arcs and good ballistics as well for a gun of its size. However, they have a relatively slow turret traverse speed compared to its contemporaries. Helena's turrets are also well placed, though the #3 turret has relatively. bad firing arcs due to its location behind the #1 and #2 turrets.

The gun has access to four shell types - Mk.34 HC, Mk.35 AP, Mk. 34 HC with base fuse and Mk.34 HC-VT. Of these, the Mk. 35 AP is typically the best choice against armoured targets (i.e. heavy cruisers and battleships) as it is the only shell with good penetration values. The Mk.34 HC with base fuse could potentially be used against lighter-armoured cruisers, as it has superior penetration values compared to the original shell. Typically, one should take ~50% Mk.35 AP, ~40% Mk. 34 HC with base fuse, and ~10% Mk.34 HC-VT in case you want to attempt to shoot down aircraft with the main guns. The Mk.34 base fuse is superior to the original Mk.34 HC shell as it has better penetration values but retains the explosive mass.

{{:6 inch/47 Mk.16 (152 mm)/Ammunition|6 inch Mk.34 HC, 6 inch Mk.35 AP, 6 inch Mk.34 HC (base fuze), 6 inch Mk.34 HC-VT}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|5 inch/38 Mk.12 (127 mm)}}

USS Helena is equipped with eight 5"/38 (12.7 cm) Mark 12 guns mounted in four dual-purpose turrets. These guns are extremely effective against surface and air targets alike, and are capable of firing at an obscene 22 rounds per minute while using first-stage ammunition. The weapon also has a very good vertical and horizontal rotation speed, and is capable of engaging aircraft due to its high-angle capability (up to 85 degrees).

USS Helena gets access to the standard three shell types - Mk.34 AAC, Mk.46 Common SP, and Mk.31 AAVT. The SP is typically the best pick for heavier-armoured targets such as cruisers, while the AAC shell works better against unarmoured targets due to its large explosive filler. The Mk.31 AAVT is a great option for dealing with air targets due to its proximity fuse - a single direct hit should be enough to destroy an incoming bomber.

{{:5 inch/38 Mk.12 (127 mm)/Ammunition|5 inch AAC Mk.34, 5 inch AAVT Mk.31, 5 inch SP Common Mk.46}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|Bofors L/60 Mark 2 (40 mm)|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)}}

The Helena gets access to sixteen 40 mm Bofors guns in four quad mounts. These weapons are extremely potent anti-aircraft guns due to their accuracy and punching power. Though these weapons fire slower than the 20 mm Oerlikon or 12.7 mm AN-M2, they more than make up for it due to their hard-hitting 40 mm shells. These guns are capable of shredding aircraft and small boats from ranges of 2.5 km away, though effectiveness will drop off after that range due to the large bullet drop. The guns fire from 4-round clips that reload continuously, meaning that they are capable of continuous fire. However, note that they will eventually jam after firing too long.

As well, USS Helena gets access to twelve single 20 mm Oerlikon cannons. The 20 mm Oerlikon Cannon was the standard light anti-aircraft gun for several nations, including the United States, and replaced the prior AN-M2 Browning machine gun. This weapon is an effective short-range AA gun, and has great firing angles. These guns are very helpful and can boost the volume of AA fire at shorter ranges. Take note that the guns fire from a drum magazine that will need to be reloaded. Because of the magazine design, the gun will not jam with continuous fire.

=== Scout plane ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Plane}}

Located on the stern are two catapults with one SOC-1 scout plane each which provide unique offensive and defensive abilities, expanding tactical options. Ship-launched scout planes fly just like regular tree units but lack munition choices and cockpit views. Alongside the typical abilities of strafing, dropping 2 x 100 lb bombs, and capturing zones, the SOC-1 and other scout planes have the added ability to lay down smoke cover (up to 3 times). Captains will be wise to remember to utilise the aircraft and consider when best to use it, for example to cap a point early or late in the match, to create a smoke screen to stymie enemy bombardment and repair, to attack enemy units directly, or perhaps something completely new! With two scout planes one can risk a cap attempt at the beginning of the match, saving the second for any opportunity that presents itself.

== Usage in battles ==

;;Against PTs:

HE should be the only shells used against boats as the AP and SAP will punch straight through without any further damage, assuming that you decide to use your primaries at all. In general, just tasking the secondary guns or AA suite (using X+2 and X+3 on a selected enemy respectively) to the PT boat will almost always make short work of it.

;;Against {{Annotation|DD|Destroyers}}s & {{Annotation|CL|Light Cruisers}}s

Against these ships, an aggressive playstyle is often preferable. Consistent volleys of either HE or AP from Helena will quickly degrade crew count, internal modules and gun batteries. For ships with ammo racks near the hull, constant AP volleys will lead to quick ammo detonations. Furthermore, these ships will often be relying on HE to do damage, which Helena's anti-fragmentation hull will easily absorb. Even if said ships use AP or SAP, Helena's fire rate on her 152 mm guns will simply overwhelm the opposing ship. To this end, taking the ship(s) head-on in an aggressive manner will often lead to won confrontations.

;;Against {{Annotation|CA|Cruiser Armoured (Heavy Cruisers)}}s:

For fighting ships that can match or outperform Helena in terms of damage per volley or armour, Helena can still compete. Using the high fire rate of the 152 mm guns and Helena's AP shells, the primary target in such engagements should either be the main guns of the opposing ship, or the bridge. If the bridge is the first to be taken out, consider aiming for ammo racks as the enemy vessel will no longer be able to change course quickly, allowing for an easier chance to be detonated by a well-placed volley. If multiple primary turrets are taken out, consider switching to HE and saturate the enemy ship, starting fires and punching holes into the waterline is key. If targeted by multiple ships of this group, consider forcing a disengage via sailing away from the enemies in an evasive manner. If done so while using smokescreens, it's likely to cause the enemy ships to change targets.

;;Against {{Annotation|BC|Battlecruiser}}s & {{Annotation|BB|Battleship}}:

If confronted with the opposition of a battlecruiser or battleship, it is likely to end in Helena's demise, not the other way around. However, there are still options for Helena, even when confronted with such a predicament. By switching to HE and showering the entire ship's surfaces, Helena has the chance to kill lightly armoured secondaries and potentially start fires, some of which may lead to ammo detonations. However, all of this must be done in great volume and is not guaranteed to work. To this end, captains who attempt this style of combat must understand that they will not be fighting the battleship or battlecruiser, but rather harassing it. Chances of survival or success increases when this is done by multiple ships, so it is advisable to do this with a premade group and plan. All of this is said with the assumption that the player has chosen to engage the enemy BB or BC. In general, it is best to simply avoid or ignore these ships in hopes that they do the same.

;;Against Aircraft:

The anti-air complement on Helena is expansive comparing her to other factions but is below par compared to other American cruisers such as the Baltimore class or New-Orleans class. But Helena is no slouch either, Loading HE-VT into both the 152 mm and 127 mm guns can prove to be quite effective, however high-flying targets can prove troublesome for the 152 mm guns to elevate to. Engaging the enemy aircraft as soon as possible to give the HE-VT rounds as many opportunities to find their mark is often the best course of action.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very good protection, comparable to that of a heavy cruiser
* Features fifteen 152 mm guns with absurd rate of fire, allows the ship to continuously beat the opponent into submission
* Overall good mobility
* Extensive anti-air suite allows the ship to cover itself and the allies
* Two scout seaplanes

'''Cons:'''
* While well-protected, detonation of forward magazines will cause a chain reaction, potentially cause lethal damage
* Auxiliary turrets have their first stage ammo stowages unprotected, so unlucky hits may cause heavy fires
* No torpedo armament, restricting it to its gunnery armaments

== History ==

[[File:USS Helena (1940).jpg|thumb|500x500px|USS Helena as seen in 1940.]]
USS Helena (CL-50) was a ship of the Brooklyn class of light cruisers built for the United States during the early 1930s. As the first American cruisers built to the specifications of the London Naval Treaty, they were designed to counter the Japanese Mogami-class and featured a similar armament of fifteen 6-inch guns. Helena was completed to an altered design featuring improved machinery protection and greatly-improved anti-aircraft armaments. Helena was commissioned in 1939 and spent her first two years in training. She was torpedoed during the attack on Pearl Harbour, repaired, and returned to service. She saw extensive action and managed to damage or sink several Japanese ships during the Battles of Guadalcanal, but was sunk during the Solomons campaign when she was torpedoed by Japanese destroyers.

=== Design and development ===
As the London naval treaty limited the amount of heavy cruisers with 8-inch main armament, the American naval designers decided to create a ship displacing 10 thousand tons with a 6-inch main armament. As well, they found that a light cruiser with a 6-inch main armament could overwhelm a comparable heavy cruiser due to their higher fire rate. As a result, the designers pushed forward with a new 6-inch armament light cruiser: the Brooklyn class.

However, during Brooklyn's design process, it was discovered that the Japanese intended to arm their new Mogami class with fifteen 6-inch guns. As a result, the Brooklyn's design was amended to include an additional 3-gun turret mounted in a rear-facing non superfiring position. Helena was initially built to this design and was launched in August of 1938. However, she featured a revised machinery layout which improved her survivability, as well as a revised secondary armament of eight 5-inch/38 guns in dual enclosed mounts. Her anti-aircraft armament was initially unchanged, but was refitted significantly later on during the war.

Helena was 185 m long and displaced exactly 10 thousand tons standard, and 13 300 tons full. She had a main armament of fifteen 6-inch (152 mm) guns in five triple turrets, three fore and two aft. The #3 turret, mounted ahead of the superstructure, faced backwards and was unable to fire forwards. Her secondary armament consisted of the 5-inch (127 mm) guns, and her anti-aircraft armament initially consisted of eight 12.7 mm AN/M2 machine guns - later on, these would be augmented by several quadruple 28 mm "Chicago Pianos", and then replaced entirely with a heavy anti-aircraft suite of 40 mm Bofors and 20 mm Oerlikon cannons. Her engines delivered a total of 100 000 shaft horsepower (shp), allowing her a top speed of 32.5 knots (60 km/h).

=== Operational history ===
[[File:Helena at Pearl Harbour.jpg|thumb|350x350px|The Pearl Harbour attack of December 7th 1941. Helena can be seen on the left in the foreground.]]
Helena was commissioned in December of 1939, after the start of the Second World War. Due to the neutrality of the United States, Helena participated in training exercises for the most part of 1939, 1940 and 1941. She sailed to Montevideo, Uruguay to inspect the wreck of the German pocket battleship Graf Spee, and then proceeded through the Panama Canal to join the Pacific Fleet. She was docked in the position normally reserved for the battleship Pensylvannia in December of 1941, as the battleship had been dry docked for repairs.

On December 7th 1941, the Japanese fleet attacked Pearl Harbour with a massive aerial attack. A pilot from the first wave mistook the Helena to be the battleship Pensylvannia, and hit her with a torpedo which caused severe damage. Despite this, the crews closed off flooded compartments and turned on the auxiliary generators, which allowed her 5-inch guns to return fire against the enemy. During this time, four other torpedo bombers attempted to hit the cruiser, but all missed. The second wave of bombers had worse luck, due to the determined anti-aircraft fire that the cruiser provided: at least four bombs missed, and Helena was credited with shooting down six aircraft, out of the 29 aircraft shot down in total by American forces.
[[File:USS Helena after reconstruction.jpg|thumb|350x350px|USS Helena seen after her 1942 refit. Note the reconstructed superstructure.]]
Helena was given temporary repairs, and sailed for Mare Island in California for more complete repairs. There, she was given a new superstructure, and her anti-aircraft armament was completely redone. Her old 1.1-inch (28 mm) and 12.7 mm guns were removed and replaced with a combination of 16 40 mm Bofors guns and numerous 20 mm Oerlikons. After the completion of repairs, Helena sailed back to the Pacific to participate in the Guadalcanal campaign.

==== Guadalcanal campaign ====
After arriving in the Guadalcanal theatre, Helena joined a cruiser force tasked with destroying enemy ships in the Guadalcanal area. She soon saw her first combat action during the night of October 12 1942, when the force spotted a Japanese bombardment unit composed of the cruisers Furataka, Aoba, Kinugasa, and several accompanying destroyers; this action was to be known as the battle of Cape Esperance. Helena, along with the other cruisers, opened fire at 5 km range, at a point where the Japanese force were completely unaware of the American force. Helena, along with the other cruisers, were successful in hitting the Furutaka and destroyer Fubuki multiple times. Both ships were eventually destroyed later in the night.

After the battle of Cape Esperance, Helena was attached to a heavy unit tasked with defending an American convoy bound for the beaches of Guadalcanal. They arrived on November 12th, and Helena covered the landings. However, a Japanese force, centered on the fast battleships Hiei and Kirishima, was also approaching with the intention of shelling the American troops. As a result, these two forces collided in a battle known as the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal.

The ships encountered each other at close range, causing confusion among the American units. In the following engagement, Helena engaged the destroyer Akatsuki, which was then engaged by multiple vessels and sank. She then hit the destroyers Amatsukaze, Murasame and Samidare with 6-inch rounds, causing heavy damage. However, during this time, the flagship San Francisco had been hit by multiple heavy rounds from the battleship Hiei, and Helena rushed to protect her. In the following engagement, two American destroyers were sunk and 4 more ships heavily damaged; Helena herself emerged relatively unscathed. The Japanese squadron lost the battleship Hiei, as well as two destroyers. The surviving ships of the battered squadron retreated to the southeast; during this time, the cruiser Juneau was hit by a torpedo launched from the submarine I-26 which exploded her magazines and caused her to sink; however, Helena did not stop to pick up survivors as the squadron's commanding officer deemed her to be too precious to risk (since there was a submarine in the area).

==== Later service and sinking ====
[[File:1920px-USS Helena, St. Louis, and Honolulu underway 80-G-57074.jpg|thumb|500x500px|Helena (foreground) with her sister ships Honolulu and St. Louis.]]
In January of 1943, the Helena was assigned to a new unit to attack Japanese positions in the New Georgia campaign. During this time, her 5-inch guns received new HE-VT shells, which she fired as the first use of the proximity-fused shell in American service. She served extensively as a fire support ship, firing thousands of high-calibre shells in support of American troops.

On July 4th of 1943, Helena was part of an invasion squadron to land troops at Rice Anchorage. She proceeded to bombard the Japanese positions under the cover of darkness along with the other cruisers and destroyers, but her shell flashes alerted a force of three Japanese destroyers who had been tasked with landing reinforcements for the Japanese garrison. The destroyers withdrew, not before they fired 24 [[Type 93 (610 mm) (Family)|Type 93 Long Lance]] torpedoes at the Americans. Helena was not hit, but a destroyer was sunk and the convoy turned to avoid what was believed to be a submarine (the Americans failed to sight the Japanese destroyers). During this time, Helena's #2 ammunition hoist broke down and her #5 guns suffered a jam. These issues were resolved as she steamed towards the Kula gulf,

The next night, the Japanese force returned with 10 destroyers, intending to land the troops again. The American force closed in, and soon after, the Japanese force detected the American squadron using their radar. The Japanese force then began a determined attack with gunfire and torpedoes while the Americans fired back. In the course of 3 minutes, Helena, along with her other cruisers, fired over 1,500 6-inch rounds at the enemy. The destroyer Niizuki was sunk, and the Americans turned right to follow the fleeing Japanese destroyers.

However, shortly after the initial engagement, Helena was hit by a torpedo launched by the Japanese destroyers. The torpedo caused extensive damage and exploded the forward magazines, ripping her bow off of the ship. However, she continued to steam forward at 25 knots. Soon after, she was hit by an additional pair of torpedoes deep under the waterline which broke her keel and flooded the machinery spaces - with no power, the order was given to abandon ship. Soon after, the broken keel caused Helena to break into three parts - the midsection sank quickly while the stern and bow remained afloat.

At this point, the American force had not yet realized that the Helena was destroyed - however, after failing to contact her, they found her wreck and rescued many survivors from the water. Over 100 men were not rescued and ended up on a Japanese-occupied island, where they were protected by coastwatchers and eventually rescued on July 15th. Helena's name was carried on by a Baltimore-class cruiser launched in 1945; her wreck was eventually located in 2018 by an expedition carried out by the late Microsoft founder Paul Allen.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_cruiser_brooklyn_class_helena Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* [[USS Brooklyn]]

== External links ==


=== References ===

* Chen, P. C. (2004). Heavy Cruiser Pensacola. Retrieved January 12, 2021, from <nowiki>https://ww2db.com/ship_spec.php?ship_id=144</nowiki>
* Naval History and Heritage Command. (2005, October 25). Helena II (CL-50). Retrieved January 12, 2021, from <nowiki>https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/h/helena-cl-50-ii.html</nowiki>
* Werner, D. (2018, April 06). USS Helena (CL 50): Ready, Willing and Valiant. Retrieved January 12, 2021, from <nowiki>https://usnhistory.navylive.dodlive.mil/2018/04/06/uss-helena-cl-50-ready-willing-and-valiant/</nowiki>

{{ShipManufacturer Brooklyn Navy Yard}}
{{USA light cruisers}}
{{USA premium ships}}

VL Pyörremyrsky

2023-04-28T12:03:25Z

U105837429: /* Description */ current availability

{{Specs-Card
|code=pyorremyrsky
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_pyorremyrsky.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.93 "Shark Attack"]] as a [[wt:en/news/6450-development-pyörremyrsky-the-nordic-whirlwind-en|premium pack]], but was removed from the Gaijin store after the [[wt:en/news/7674-shop-may-sale-en|2022 May sale]]. It is currently available as a regular in-game premium for ({{GE}}).

Though the Pyörremyrsky shares some design traits with the [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109 series]] of German fighters, it is in fact a completely domestic Finnish design and has significantly different flight characteristics.

From 1942, the superiority of the Red Army Air Force over the Finnish was becoming increasingly obvious. While 160 modern Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-2, G-6 and other versions were transferred to the Finnish Air Force by Germany between 1942 to 1944, the situation began to deteriorate among the Axis countries, and due to the increasing successes (especially from the second half of 1943) of the countries of the Allies, it became obvious that further deliveries of new Bf 109s as well as spare parts for them would become more and more problematic.

In this situation, the command of the Finnish Air Force ordered LV to develop a fighter that was to be made of domestic materials (mainly wood and steel) and which was to have characteristics comparable to the Bf 109 G-6. Engineers T. R. Verkola, Arvo Ilinen, and Edward Vigelius proposed an aerodynamically clean low-wing aircraft equipped with a German twelve-cylinder double-row inverted gear motor Daimler-Benz DB 605AC, developing 1,475 hp (1,085 kW) and rotating the German three-bladed VDM propeller. In the project, the fairing of the propeller sleeve and the engine hood were borrowed from the German fighter, which made the new Finnish aircraft, designated Pyórremyrsky (hurricane), very similar in front to the Bf 109 G.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 596 || 580 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 19.0 || 19.6 || 14.3 || 14.3 || rowspan="2" | 390
|-
! Upgraded
| 647 || 620 || 17.1 || 18.0 || 23.9 || 18.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 437 || 408 || 260 || ~14 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 390 || < 450 || > 715
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


This aircraft, having only one spar in each wing along with its water coolant system, is not a hugely durable aircraft - though it's not fragile either. The combined 20mm of spaced amour behind the pilot is fairly effective for protection but a lack of any frontal armour makes the Pyörremyrsky very vulnerable in head ons or in bomber hunting.

* 10 mm Steel - Pilot's seat
* 10 mm Steel - Behind pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tank (1 behind pilot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|LKk/42 (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, nose-mounted (150 rpg)
* 2 x 12.7 mm LKk/42 machine guns, nose-mounted (300 rpg = 600 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Model 1938 (50 kg)|Model 1938 (100 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 50 kg Model 1938 bombs (200 kg total)
* 4 x 100 kg Model 1938 bombs (400 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==
This 1945 aircraft is not a great fighter to low-level pursuits where really great top speed is crucial. But instead, use this plane for medium-altitude engagements. Where an altitude advantage allows the Pyörremyrsky to increase the speed and surprise its enemies with a proper turn rate. This aircraft excels in both boom 'n' zoom but is also an excellent dogfighter, sporting fantastic low speed handling characteristics (especially with combat and takeoff flaps), a steady gun platform and, as previously mentioned, a fairly tight turning circle.

The Pyörremyrsky climbs really good and maintains adequate speed up to approximately 5,000 m, this is more than enough speed to initiate combat actions, albeit Finnish pilots can continue the climb to allow themselves more combat choices. Oppositely, they can remain below the 5,000 m and work together with their Swedish brothers to down all the enemy team; the Pyörremyrsky often acting as the decoy. The engine power is favourable, and under WEP produces over 1,400HP which the Pyörremyrsky can maintain almost indefinitely with proper radiator and oil radiator management.

The intercepting role varies somewhat nonetheless. Pyörremyrsky does not offer great frontal protection, so engaging bombers with good turret protection is not the best idea. Specially bombers like the mighty Soviet [[Pe-8]] or the German [[He 219 A-7]] which are loaded with high-calibre weapons able to harm your pilot with a direct shot or break the light Pyörremyrsky apart. The rather reserved ammo count also limits the input damage against bombers. Because of that same reason, head-on attacks are ill-advised, only should be attempted versus planes with a good turn rate and light airframe. Usually the Japanese [[A6M3|Zeros]], The British [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfires]] or the Italian [[C.205 (Family)|C.205s]]. Though, there are exceptions where the player must know how to engage a specific enemy. When to dive away or when to engage in a turning duel.

=== Ground Battles ===
The Pyörremyrsky is not the fastest plane in here. Therefore players need to consider 2 main roles if they seek good rewards in the Pyörremyrsky flying over the tank's battlefield.

'''Air Superiority role'''

In this role the Pyörremyrsky will take no bombs and instead climb over the battlefield, diving down and taking attacks of opportunity against enemy aircraft. The aircraft excels in this role as it preserves energy well and even if lured into a low level dogfight, will still be in home turf if in the hands of a skilled pilot.

Generally, the target planes are attackers with low top speed or fighters with bombs, so the Pyörremyrsky should have no trouble downing them with a surprise advantage.

'''Close air support'''

Here the Pyörremyrsky performs as a light strike fighter armed with the 4 x 100 kg bombs. This bomb load for a single engined fighter is very good and lends the Pyörremyrsky a fantastic multi-role capability. The bombs can inflict some serious damage and then the aircraft can serve to preserve air superiority over the battle.

Crew exposed vehicles or light tanks can also be destroyed with the heavy machine guns or cannons, both of which have good AP belts and can inflict some damage to armoured vehicles from a top-down approach.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very good climb rate, can outclimb even the Bf 109 G-2 and J2Ms to common combat altitude
* Good armament, MG 151/20 and two 12.7 mm LKk/42 both nose mounted
* The LKk/42 MGs can load entirely AP ammunition that can penetrate 26 mm of armour
* Good turn rate, can outturn some Merlin Spitfires in sustained turnfight
* Decent flaps allow for decreased turn rate
* Fantastic engine characteristics (overheating can be negated entirely)
* Very steady and reliable gun platform

'''Cons:'''

* Not hugely fast, Spitfire and Bf 109 series outrun it
* No frontal armour protection
* Not best suited to bomber hunting

== History ==


Pyörremyrsky, meaning hurricane, tornado or whirlwind in Finnish (pyörre > vortex/whirl, myrsky > storm), was the name of a Finnish fighter design at the end of WWII. Designed by Torsti Rafael Verkkola (1909-1977), the chief designer of Valtion lentokonetehdas (VL or "State Aircraft Factory") and the designer of the previous Myrsky fighter and the Pyry trainer, the Pyörremyrsky was conceived as a domestic equivalent to the Messerschmitt Bf 109G.

=== Design ===
Conceptually, the Pyörremyrsky was very similar to the Bf 109G: it was powered by the same Daimler Benz DB605 engine and had a similar armament, consisting of one hub-mounted 20 mm MG 151/20 cannon and two 12.7 mm hood-mounted machine guns. However, the design was optimized for domestic production, making maximum use of wooden sub-assemblies, and crucially, unlike the Bf 109, it used a wing-mounted landing gear with a wide ground track, giving the design better handling on the ground.

=== Testing ===
Design and construction of the Pyörremyrsky met significant delays, and while the original tender called for a prototype to be ready in May 1944, it wasn't until 21 November 1945 that the prototype was ready and made its first flight.

The prototype was designated PM-1. PM being its intended type designation and 1 being its airframe number. The designation PM is an abbreviation of '''P'''yörre'''m'''yrsky.

Flight trials of the Pyörremyrsky revealed some minor issues, but other than that, the design was very promising. Performance of the Pyörremyrsky was very similar to that of the Bf 109G, but it had a superior climbing speed and proved to be very agile. One major worry, however, was the quality of the glue used to bind the wooden components.

=== Fate ===
The end of the War saw Finland's military subjected to severe restrictions under the Moscow Armistice, which also called for a reduction of its forces. This limited the air force to only 60 fighter aircraft. As a result, the Pyörremyrsky became surplus before it even reached production as Finland chose to retain the Messerschmitt Bf 109 G as its primary fighter for economical reasons. The last of the Finnish Bf 109 Gs bowed out of service on March 13th 1954. The sole completed prototype of the Pyörremyrsky was put into storage after its last flight on July 22nd 1947, and stricken from the Finnish Air Force's inventory on April 1st 1953. Fortunately the prototype was preserved: it is now displayed at the Aviation Museum of Central Finland in Tikkakoski.

=== Legacy ===
Fortunately the Pyörremyrsky legacy continued even after the prototype was grounded. In 1948, construction started on a replacement of the VL Pyry trainer. The new design reused the wing design of the Pyörremyrsky in combination with a new fuselage. This aircraft, which was constructed by the successor of VL, Valmet, was named Vihuri (Gale) and first flew on February 6th 1951. The Vihuri prototype was designated VH-1, VH being an abbreviation of '''V'''i'''h'''uri.

After successful tests the Finnish air force ordered 30 aircraft on 27 February 1951. These were collectively called Vihuri sarja (series) II and carried the numbers VH-2 to VH-31. Series II were entered service in 1953 and this prompted the Finnish air force to order yet another 20 aircraft by autumn 1954. These aircraft were collectively called Vihuri series III and carried the numbers VH-32 to VH-51. All of series III were handed over to the Finnish air force on 15 January 1957.

Unlike the Pyörremyrsky the Vihuri was entirely constructed from metal. As a trainer it was a sound design, however it suffered badly in the engine department. The Vihuri design used old Tampere (Bristol) Mercury engines which had been recuperated from scrapped Bristol Blenheim bombers. These engines were already worn out by the time they were installed on the trainers which lead to a lot of breakdowns. After a string of fatal accidents the design was placed under severe suspicion and in March of 1957 all the Vihuri's were grounded after an accident was caused by structural failure. A subsequent inquest showed this particular accident as well as most of the previous ones were caused by pilots violating the flight safety regulations, taking the aircraft beyond its structural limitations. The Vihuri was returned to service in May of 1957, but following two further fatal accidents in 1959 the type was permanently grounded and stricken from the Finnish Air Force's inventory, with 31 out of 32 surviving airframes being sold for scrap; ironically it was outlasted in service by the Pyry (withdrawing in 1962), the design it was supposed to replace as a trainer. The sole surviving complete Vihuri is now displayed next to the sole surviving Pyörremyrsky at the Tikkakoski air force museum.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=pyorremyrsky Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150px">
File:Pyorremyrsky WTWallpaper 001.jpg
File:Pyorremyrsky WTWallpaper 002.jpg
File:Pyorremyrsky WTWallpaper 003.jpg
File:Pyorremyrsky WTWallpaper 004.jpg
File:Pyorremyrsky WTWallpaper 005.jpg
File:Pyorremyrsky WTWallpaper 006.jpg
File:Pyorremyrsky WTWallpaper 007.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|u_HsKH1DYlc|'''Premium Vehicles: VL Pyörremyrsky''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''|ZPGPaceu1oI|'''Pyörremyrsky "One Hard Hitting Finn!"''' - ''Bo Time Gaming''|AKxlwtWIlSI|'''The Shooting Range #173''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:47 discusses the Pyörremyrsky.
}}

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Yakovlev [[Yak-9 (Family)|Yak-9]]
* Macchi [[C.205 (Family)|C.205]]
* Fiat [[G.55 (Family)|G.55]]
* Reggiane [[Re.2005 serie 0|Re.2005]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6448-development-py%C3%B6rremyrsky-the-nordic-whirlwind-en|[Development] Pyörremyrsky: The Nordic Whirlwind]]
* [[wikipedia:VL_Pyörremyrsky|[Wikipedia] VL Pyörremyrsky]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/474725-pyorremyrsky/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer VL}}
{{Sweden fighters}}
{{Sweden premium aircraft}}

M4A4 (1st PTG) (China)

2023-04-26T18:02:19Z

U105837429: /* Description */ availability

{{About
| about = gift Chinese medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = other M4 Shermans
| link-1 = M4 Sherman (Family)
| usage-2 = other uses
| link-2 = M4 (Disambiguation)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=cn_m4a4_sherman_1st_ptg
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced as a [[wt:en/news/6377-news-chinese-air-and-ground-forces-become-a-tester-en|premium pack]] in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]] and was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/7154-shop-may-sale-in-the-gaijin-store-en|2021 May sale]]. The M4A4 was made available for purchase in-game ({{GE}}) for specific Chinese events like the [[wt:en/news/7359-special-national-day-of-the-people-s-republic-of-china-en|2021 "National Day of the People's Republic of China"]] mini-event and with [[Update "Sky Guardians"]] it became available as a regular in-game premium for ({{GE}}).

The vehicle is identical to the tech tree [[M4A4 (China)|M4A4]] except for a unique skin and a pintle-mounted heavy machine gun.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (transmission housing, turret, gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 50.8 mm (56°) ''Front glacis'' 50.8 mm (8-17°) + 25.4 mm (29°) ''Viewports'' 34 + 25.4 mm (spherical) ''MG port'' 50.8 mm (3°) ''Radio antenna bulge'' 50.8 mm (cylindrical) ''Transmission housing'' || 38.1 mm 38.1 + 25.4 mm ''Ammo racks'' || 38.1 mm (21°) ''Top'' 38.1 mm ''Bottom'' || 19.5 mm ''Front section'' 12.7 mm (7°) ''Engine bay - centre'' 19.5 mm (23°) ''Engine bay - sides''
|-
| Turret || 76 mm (7-65°) ''Turret front'' 50.8 mm (9-26°) ''Turret front - gunner side'' 50.8 + 88.9 mm (cylindrical) ''Gun mantlet'' || 50.8 mm (1-3°) ''Turret sides'' 50.8 mm (58-66°) ''Roof radius'' || 50.8 mm (1-5°) ''Sponson'' 50.8 mm (21-65°) ''Roof slope'' || 25.4 mm
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 50.8 mm (16°) || 25.4 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick and bogies are 10 mm thick.
* The belly of the tank is 12.7 mm thick.
* The internal wall separating the crew compartment from the engine bay is 9.5 mm thick.

The hull is very similar to the American [[M4|M4 Sherman]], with a 50.8 mm thick upper glacis and protruding hatches interrupting the glacis (reinforced with appliqué armour). A weak spot is the radio antenna bulge on the machine gunner side. The hull sides feature appliqué armour plates covering the ammunition storage racks. The turret is also very similar but lacks the appliqué armour on the right cheek, leaving a small weakened zone in that area. Frontal protection is quite good for its rank and shots from smaller anti-tank guns can generally be shrugged off, particularly when hull down. However more powerful guns such as the [[Pz.IV F2]]'s long 75 mm can destroy the tank easily, so care should be taken. The side armour is only 38.1 mm thick and can be easily penetrated by just about any anti-tank gun if not angled.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=659|rbMinHp=376}}

Based on the chassis of the M4, the {{PAGENAME}} has the same good all-round mobility: the tank accelerates quickly and is able to reach a maximum speed of 44 km/h in a dozen of seconds. The brakes are powerful and will make the M4A4 skid rather than slow down when driving at maximum speed. The violent braking also causes the hull to wobble, making your targeting less accurate. The reverse speed is rather poor: it won't get you out of a dangerous situation quickly enough. The lack of neutral steering makes turning on the spot slow (2 km/h): make sure to build a little speed before turning and you'll turn much faster (11 km/h). Turning in reverse is equally slow (-2 km/h) Turning at full speed doesn't make you lose much speed as your acceleration is good. The offroad mobility is good: the {{PAGENAME}} reaches 16 km/h when fording, 17 km/h when driving uphill with some speed built-up but a mere 10 km/h uphill from a stop start. The tracks are large and grant you a decent mobility on hard (solid ground, roads) and soft terrain (mud, snow, sand). Light and medium obstacles (fences, posts, bushes and small trees) are not a problem but large obstacles will reduce your mobility: avoid them.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M3 (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M3 (75 mm)|75 mm M3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 98 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+25° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Vertical|up to 24 km/h}} || 22.85 || 31.62 || 38.40 || 42.47 || 45.18 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.28 || 16.80 || 20.40 || 22.56 || 24.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:M3 (75 mm)/Ammunition|M72 shot, M48 shell, M61 shot, M89}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''98''' || 91 ''(+7)'' || 89 ''(+9)'' || 86 ''(+12)'' || 79 ''(+19)'' || 62 ''(+36)'' || 46 ''(+52)'' || 31 ''(+67)'' || 1 ''(+97)'' || No
|-
|}
[[File:Ammoracks_M4A4_(Italy).png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
'''Notes''':

* To go into battle with the turret basket empty of ammo, pack 79 ''(+19)'' shells (racks 1 to 4 emptied).
* To go into battle with the turret basket and the flanks empty of ammo, pack 31 ''(+67)'' shells (racks 1 to 7 emptied).
* The 8th rack is large and located in a weak spot: the bottom section of the armour. In case of penetration, there is a high risk of ammo rack detonation. Make sure not to expose your flanks unnecessarily.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

The M4A4 is armed with both a pintle-mounted 12.7 mm M2HB .50 cal machine gun and a coaxial 7.62 mm M1919A4 .30 cal machine gun. The latter is useful as a secondary machine gun to supplement the larger 12.7 mm machine gun, both increasing the volume of fire you can put out in a burst of your machine guns and providing a backup machine gun in case your .50 cal gunner runs out of ammo or is knocked out. The 12.7 mm machine gun is more useful as it does more damage and has more penetration. It can swivel independently of the main gun, but not a full 360 degrees around so you will still need to traverse the turret to follow moving targets. Both can be used to shoot at aircraft and unarmoured spots on enemy vehicles, and the .50 cal specifically is capable of damaging vehicles with very light armour due to the penetration.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 400 (200) || 577 || -10°/+30° || ±60°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The M4 Sherman is an effective medium-range combat tank. Equipped with a fast-firing 75 mm gun and with good handling characteristics, the M4A4 can be an extremely useful asset in most battles.

In battle the M4A4 performs well as an all-rounder; the thick turret front and 10 degrees of gun depression make the tank ideal for taking hull-down positions which protect the thinner hull armour from being penetrated by enemy fire. The sloped front upper glacis, when angled, also provides good protection against enemy fire. An unusual - and useful - difference is that the upper glacis is sloped at 56 degrees rather than the standard 45 degrees, making it more of a threat and more powerful due to improving the chances of a round ricochet. The only downfall may be the 2 crew member position in the front that protrudes out to form a flat surface, but both are covered with an additional 20 mm plate. The reasonable mobility of the Sherman makes flanking a viable tactic. The main weakness of the M4A4 is the side armour - not only is it vertical and thin, but behind it most of the ammunition is stowed. The tall silhouette of the tank also makes finding suitable cover difficult. Overall, the M4 Sherman can be considered as an armoured jack-of-all-trades - it will serve a tanker well, however it will not excel in any particular role.

In battle, try to use terrain as cover. Hull-down positions are especially strong in the M4 Sherman, as it has a good 10 degrees of gun depression. The gun mantlet and turret are reasonably strong, but avoiding shots is still the best strategy. In this respect, a hull-down position hides the vulnerable hull. If this is not available, then angling the hull armour to present a greater slope is often a good idea, as this can bounce some low-powered cannon at any range and at longer ranges, render the hull impenetrable.

Another way to play the M4A4 is to tap into its traditional cavalry role, its mobility. The M4 Sherman is a great flanker as it is fast enough to get the jump on the enemy's side. Defeat the enemy at their weak front lines or go around the entire enemy force. Once in position at their sides or rear, ambush them. Ideally, the enemy should be too busy focusing on allies attacking in the front to notice the M4A4 instantly. Take out the weaker light or medium tanks, the 75 mm gun is not very ideal against heavy tanks like the KV-1s and Churchills so take out its friends to allow allies more room to outmanoeuvre them. An organized attack will increase the M4A4 chances on the battlefield and success.

The presence of a pivot-mounted .50 calibre machine gun gives the Sherman some flexibility. It can engage softer targets such as some tank destroyers and many SPAAGs at short ranges when loading a HE shell would be inconvenient. While not ideal, they provide the Sherman tank with some measure of protection against aircraft- sometimes enough to dissuade a pilot from making another pass. It can be an effective rang-finder for targets at longer ranges where the M1919 coaxial would be less effective. While it pales in comparison to the destructive effect of tank guns, it provides the Sherman with some flexibility over other comparable vehicles, who are restricted to their rifle-calibre coaxial machine guns.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[M4A2]] / [[M4A4 (France)]] - These Sherman tanks are widely used by over 3 nations that spread across both the Allied and the Axis side, so no matter which nation you play they can be quite tough to destroy in the hands of a skilled tanker. Given the rather weak penetration of your short 75 mm gun, their hull can be almost impossible to penetrate when angled, hull down or 300 m away. For a M4A4, there are 2 apparent bulges on the upper front plate, a penetration through there is a guaranteed kill most of the times. But in case the opponent covers them up or when it's a M4A2, aim for the middle parts of the gun mantlet or the turret armour unprotected by the mantlet, you can at least make them defenceless. Note that their guns are equally weak against you, so wiggle around to disrupt their aim while you reload, you have a good chance of bouncing some shells.

* [[KW I C 756 (r) (Germany)|KW I C 756 (r)]] - A heavy opponent that the M4 Sherman will have trouble against is this German KV-1. Upgunned with the [[KwK40 L48 (75 mm)|75 mm KwK40 L48]], this Beutepanzer is potent enough to punch through the Sherman's front, with its heavy frontal armour being almost impervious to the Sherman. If this heavy tank is encountered angling its hull, aim at the large gun mantlet as it is only 50 mm thick, or shoot at the thin cupola, both of which can kill the gunner. Of course, the best way is to shoot at its sides and rear without any angle, where its armour is flat, though it will still have to be at a close range to penetrate the armour. In addition, shots to the sides will most likely hit fuel tanks or ammunition storage, causing a fire or ammunition detonation. Your vertical stabiliser will allow you to fire on the move which makes it harder for the KV-1 to target you. The gun is stabilised almost immediately when you are breaking, giving you an upper hand to shoot first.

* [[Churchill (Family)|Churchill]] heavy tank - The Churchills, with their complex hulls and sturdy turrets, can be quite hard to kill at range. Again, manoeuvre as close to them as possible, the idea distance being no more than 200 m. If they are angling their hull but facing their turret at you, only go for the turret. For the Mk I Churchills, aim at the near-vertical part of their rounded cheeks to ensure successful penetrations. For the Mk III and the German Churchill, also aim for their flat turret front which is at most 89 mm. The shell should go in easily and knock out most, if not all the crew. Only when you are facing their hull without any angles should you shoot the hull, otherwise shoot the turret only, as their big tracks can easily get in front of the frontal hull. The side hull has multiple layers of armour, some of which are weirdly angled and can absorb shells repeatedly.

* [[Pz.IV F2]]/[[Pz.IV G|G]]/[[Pz.IV H|H]]/[[Pz.IV J|J]] - The historical nemesis of any Sherman, the Panzer IV is one of the Sherman's biggest threats at this rank. The long barrel 75 mm gun will easily penetrate the Sherman from the front. The F2 variant is admittedly easy to deal with. A single APCBC to its hull or turret should end it pretty quickly, even at long range. The other variants are slightly harder to deal with. They have thicker hull armour, at 80 mm, which will be much harder to penetrate with the APCBC over 500 m. Luckily the turret armour remains the same at 50 mm. Either aim here with APCBC or sacrifice damage potential and use the AP round to penetrate the hull.

* [[StuG III F]]/[[StuG III G|G]] - Another historical nemesis of the Sherman, and another big threat. The StuG III packs the same punch as the Panzer IV line with its long barrel 75 mm gun, whilst losing the turret, which turns out to be both an advantage and a disadvantage. Lacking a turret means that it will have to traverse the whole vehicle to target an enemy, but it also means that it has a lower profile. The StuG's armour profile is also more complex than the Panzer IV, with less flat areas. Certain areas are sloped and very bouncy. Luckily, there is a big weak spot. There are two flat plates on the front of the hull. The flat plate on the right is the drivers port. Shoot that and you are able to kill the driver, gunner and loader in one go. This is a very efficient way to destroy this vehicle. With the F variant, you can use APCBC to instantly one-shot this vehicle. With the G variant, it is more reliable to use AP at ranges within 500 m to ensure penetration.

* [[R3 T20 FA-HS]]: this is a small, fast and annoying armoured car that is able to appear at unexpected positions early in the match. If you are aware of its presence, face your front towards it, it has zero chance of penetrating an M4 frontally, but make sure to slightly traverse your turret side to side while you reload if you fail to one-shot it, to disrupt its aim as it will usually target gun barrels. Firing MG rounds at the ammo box next to its autocannon also has a chance to cause an ammo detonation. If you are caught off guard (usually from the side), try your best to not present your side armour unangled, since it is large and only 38 mm thick, easily penetrable by the R3. Angle the hull immediately to swing your frontal hull or even the rear towards it, both of which is better than exposing your weak side armour. As it tries to find a weakspot, get your gun on it and destroy it. If it gets away it will be a huge harm to your entire team later on.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great penetration and post-penetration damage when using M61 shells; can frontally penetrate and one-shot most common opponents like the [[Pz.IV F2]], [[Chi-Nu]] or [[StuG III F]].
* Excellent gun depression of -10° plus the angled frontal turret allows it to utilise hills very well.
* Fitted with a vertical stabilizer, allowing more accurate fire on the move compared to other tanks, as well as better usage of shoot-n-scoot tactics.
* Great turret traverse speed allows it to deal with multiple threats easily.
* Pintle-mounted HMG provides an anti-aircraft defence or anti-tank duty against tanks like [[Marder III]].
* Adequate top speed allows it to get to positions in time, or to do tactical manoeuvres like flanking.

'''Cons:'''

* The best M61 shell struggles to penetrate heavy targets like [[KV-1 (ZiS-5)]], Churchill Mk.III or even the T-34 and M10 when angled.
* Trajectory is curved and velocity is low due to its short barrel, thus distant/moving targets are hard to shoot at.
* Large profile and weak side armour; flankers like the Sd.Kfz.234/2 can easily see and penetrate it.
* Frontal armour is inadequate, will get frontally penetrated and one-shot by tanks like [[Pz.IV F2]]/[[Pz.IV G|G]], [[StuG III F]]/[[StuG III G|G]], [[M10 (Family)|M10]]
* Turret has weak spot in front of the gunner, making it easy to disable gun operation.
* Roof armour of 19.5 mm thick is vulnerable to airstrikes from large calibre guns like the widely used [[M2 Browning (12.7 mm)|M2 Browning]].
* Hull traverse is quite slow, making it sluggish in a turn.
* The narrow tracks offer poor ground flotation, thus poor off-road capabilities. Can only reach its top speed on paved or hard surfaces.

== History ==


[[File:M1A4 (1st PTG) in Bruma.png|thumb|M4A4 (1st PTG) in Burma]]
=== 1st Provisional Tank Group ===
The M4A4 (1st PTG) was one of many M4 medium tanks armed with a 75 mm gun provided by the U.S to China through the lend-Lease program in April 1944. It was part of the 1st Provisional Tank Group, a joint American and Chinese unit formed in the China-Burma-India theatre in 1943, where it fought against the Japanese. It was deactivated in 1945 at the end of war, with the American troops returned to the US and the Chinese troops reformed as a separate unit which saw service in the Chinese Civil War (1946-49), where it was destroyed by Chinese communist forces in 1949.

This tank had a "Tiger face" painted on its mantlet and "claws" painted on the armoured plate in front of the driver. The top of the tank was painted yellow in order for it to be recognized by allied air units.
[[File:M4A4 crossing Namtu River in Burma in 1945.jpg|thumb|M4A4 (1st PTG) crossing the Namtu River in Burma in 1945]]

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=cn_m4a4_sherman_1st_ptg Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|QUt65nikkaE|'''Should You Buy The {{PAGENAME}}?''' - ''Sako Sniper''|LLTK7UUwOck|'''{{PAGENAME}} - A Thinking Man's Battle Experience''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==


;Other M4A4s
* [[M4A4 (China)]]
* [[M4A4 (France)]]
* [[M4A4 (Italy)]]

== External links ==


* [https://www.cbi-theater.com/1ptg/1ptg.html <nowiki>[China - Burma - India]</nowiki> 1st Provisional Tank Group]

{{TankManufacturer Ordnance Department}}
{{China medium tanks}}
{{China premium ground vehicles}}

PV-2D

2023-04-18T10:13:55Z

U105837429: /* Description */ If the I 29 was declined, should this be included? (or this trophy in general?)

{{Specs-Card
|code=pv_2d
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=PV-2D Harpoon (USA)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} American bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.67 "Assault"]], during the [[wt:en/news/4648-special-war-thunder-chronicles-en/|2017 World War Two: Chronicle]] event, unlocked after obtaining 6 Chronicle Awards.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,267 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 448 || 435 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.2 || 30.1 || 8.9 || 8.9 || rowspan="2" | 549
|-
! Upgraded
| 513 || 478 || 26.9 || 28.0 || 16.2 || 12.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 601  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 326 || 309 || 222 || ~5 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 260 || < 290 || < 320 || > 337
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 12.7 mm Steel - Armour plate cockpit, in front of the pilot
* 12.7 mm Steel - Armour plate cockpit, behind the pilot
* 12.7 mm Steel - Armour plate cockpit, behind radio operator/navigator
* 12.7 mm Steel - Armour plate - tail section and ventral gunner protection
* 12.7 mm Steel - Armour plate - dorsal gunner protective plate
* Fuel tanks at wing roots to middle of wing

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 8 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, chin-mounted (250 rpg = 2,000 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)}}
{{main|HVAR|Tiny Tim|Mk.13-6 Case (2,216 lb)|Type A Mark I mine|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 6 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (1,500 lb total)
* 8 x HVAR rockets
* 8 x HVAR rockets + 6 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (1,500 lb total)
* 8 x HVAR rockets + 1 x 2,216 lb Mk.13-6 Case torpedo
* 1 x 2,216 lb Mk.13-6 Case torpedo
* 8 x HVAR rockets + 6 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 8 x HVAR rockets + 6 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs (6,000 lb total)
* 8 x HVAR rockets + 6 x Type A Mark I mines
* 8 x HVAR rockets + 2 x Tiny Tim rockets
* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns (340 rpg = 1,360 total)

Note: Gunpods are fired separately from nose armaments if fired via '''"Additional guns"''' keybinds.

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, dorsal turret (400 rpg = 800 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, ventral turret (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==

The PV-2D Harpoon is a bomber and should be played as such. Its gigantic and versatile payload options allow for enough power against ground/naval targets and bases. The eight nose-mounted 12.7 mm machine guns deal excellent damage, and can be used offensively with the dorsal turret able to point forward. Though the gunners provide ample top and bottom protection, the tail of the vehicle is a blind spot to the two turret gunners and thus a tailing pursuant would be a priority threat.

It is also viable for bomber hunting due to the bomber spawn and its offensive armaments. Engaging unsuspecting fighters is also good, provided that you utilise BnZing and extend away. If your nose guns are out, consider using your dorsal for emergency shooting. Without an arrestor hook, you must land on carriers with some risk. Approach low and slow, use your flaps to slow down more and land on the deck without deploying your gear. Your plane won't break, the fuselage and engines will eat the brunt of impact. Same applies to landing on ground, you can do a soft belly landing without dying.

If you do engage, try to drag the enemy to ground level. Dragging hostiles down is great for your team to pick off, and you can force pursuers to your tail by diving down. Dogfighting is not encouraged, but it can turn on a dime occasionally.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[Yak-2 KABB]]: Do not think that the {{PAGENAME}} can confidently outmanoeuvre this plane just because it is twin-engined. The Yak-2 has an amazing turn rate for a heavy fighter, thus the {{PAGENAME}} must avoid turning with it, if not dogfighting with it in general. It bears a pair of ShVAK cannons that can easily damage vital parts like engine or cooling systems. It has green camo, greatly resembling an Me 410 but with an H-tail like a Bf 110's.

[[ZSD63]]: Though it is hard to identify specific SPAA vehicles on the ground from the air (especially when they are shooting tracers at the plane), if a ZSD63 is identified, avoid it at all costs and '''do not''' attempt head-ons with it, ever. It can easily snap a wing off by causally putting a short burst in the {{PAGENAME}}'s flight path. Don't even get close to it unless it is occupied with another friendly or if the {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with a bomb that it can use. One identifying feature of the ZSD63 is its rather boxy and tall hull with a geometric turret sitting at the back, slightly similar to a Wirbelwind's. The firing manner is also distinctive: the sound and green tracers are very rapid, much like a buzz saw, but then it will remain silent for half a minute reloading. Note that an experienced ZSD player will hold its fire or shoot in single salvos with long halts between, making it look like that it's reloading. Armour-piercing belt is recommended since their high penetration can tear through the ZSD's armour with ease and knock out its crews.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very deadly offensive armament with plenty of ammunition
* Effective defensive armament with good coverage over rear section of aircraft
* The dorsal turret can swivel 360 degrees and even fire at targets off the nose of the plane
* Defensive armament has lots of ammo
* Good acceleration overall
* Acceptable climb rate
* Good energy retention in turns due to heavy weight(But do not turn too much, else you bleed all your energy)
* Large and versatile payload options

'''Cons:'''

* Huge airframe: prone to damage
* Big tail section is prone to attacks, usually crippling tail control
* Belly is a blindspot for gunners
* Cannot sustain multiple turns, energy will bleed despite nice energy retention
* Mediocre manoeuvrability
* Cannot fly on one engine: you cannot sustain flight with just one

== History ==

===Ventura===
After the success of the Lockheed Hudson, Lockheed sought to introduce another bomber named the ''Ventura'' based off their Model 18 Lodestar transport aircraft. Though similar to the Hudson, the Ventura was a lot bigger. The Royal Air Force adopted the plane under the Ventura name, and the United States Army Air Force (USAAF) adopted it as the [[B-34|B-34 Lexington]]. Though the Ventura was faster and could hold twice as many bombs than the Hudson, the Royal Air Force did not like the plane very much and replaced them with Mosquitoes, the surplus Venturas sent to Coastal Command. America's usage of the B-34 Lexington was complicated with a feud in air power between the USAAF and the US Navy (USN). The USAAF had a monopoly on manufacturing and command of land-based bombers, leading to naval activities such as anti-submarine duties with bombers shouldered by the USAAF rather than the USN, forcing the usage of float planes like the [[PBY-5_Catalina|Catalina]] in the Navy's role. It wasn't until a compromise with the [[B-29A-BN|B-29 Superfortress]] in a naval manufacturing factory that the Army finally gave the Navy the aircraft and jurisdiction to act in their roles.

===Naval adoption===
The Lockheed Ventura bomber, an aircraft the USN had an eye for, was converted for their usage. The adapted Venturas were adopted under the designation ''PV-1 Ventura'' for the navy, with special equipment for patrol bombing, increased fuel storage along with a decrease in forward defensive armaments, and the addition of search radar. The first PV-1s arrived in December 1942, then entered naval service in February 1943.

The PV-1 was an adequate bomber but provided some weaknesses needed addressing, most notably in that the increased fuel weight made it difficult to take-off without problems. The Ventura design was modified with an increased wing area in order to improve take-off and load-carrying capability. This allowed the aircraft to carry not only up to 4,000 lb of bombs but even rockets under the wings. The redesigned aircraft was accepted by the USN as the '''PV-2 Harpoon'''. More than 500 Harpoons were built in the course of the war, with several variants. The original PV-2 had five forward armaments whereas the '''PV-2D''' updated it with eight forward guns. The ''PV-2C'' and ''PV-2T'' models were models built for training.

===Combat usage===
The PV-1 was operated by three squadrons in the Pacific Theatre and flew bombing strikes against Japan. The PV-1 usually accompanied [[B-24D-25-CO|B-24s]] due to having a more sophisticated radar system. A few were also given to the Marine Corps fighter squadron VMF(N)-531 at the Solomon Islands.

The PV-2's design had a shaky start, issues with the wings wrinkling came off as dangerously problematic. Another redesign was needed, delaying the introduction into the Navy until early 1945, with the ones already delivered converted for training purposes as the ''PV-2C''. When the Harpoons were finally shipped, it went as the ''PV-2D'' model, and these aircraft designs proved reliable and popular with the crews that used them.

After the war, the Venturas and its variants were eventually declared obsolete. A number were scrapped, some were given away to foreign nations during and after the war. A number of the aircraft still survive today in both airworthy and display-only conditions.

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=pv_2d Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|rVvmp7zEmes|'''The Shooting Range #93''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:43 discusses the PV-2D.|O5RGUpnL_Vw|'''PV-2D Harpoon - Today Is Payday''' - ''Napalmratte''|fn80tkyCyho|'''Premium Review: PV-2D Harpoon [Hard Hitting]''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==


;Related development
* [[B-34]]
* [[Hudson Mk V (Great Britain)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4657-development-ww2-chronicles-vehicles-the-pv-2-harpoon-en|[Devblog] WW2 Chronicles vehicles: The PV-2 Harpoon]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/361709-pv-2d/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Lockheed}}
{{USA bombers}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}